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Changes of the Jewish People By: Tayler Fay I. Introduction A. Did you know that when King David died, his descendants ruled the Kingdom of Israel for another 400 years? B. I am going to explain the significance of ancient Hebrews, the origins of Judaism, how Judaism survived, and significance of Israel. II. There were many individuals who were significant in the development and survival of the Jewish Religion. People like; Abraham, Moses, Naomi, Ruth, David, and Yohan Ben Zaccai. A. Abraham lived in around 2000 B.C. God told him to move to Canaan. B. Around 1225 B.C. Moses led the Israelites in Egypt out of slavery. C. Naomi lived in the 1100s B.C. was the Mother-in-law of Ruth. D. In the 1100s Ruth was known for her loyalty to her Mother-in-law. E. David was the King of Israel for 40 years. He defeated the Philistines. F. Yohan Ben Zaccai was a Rabbi, a teacher of Judaism. III. Abraham and Moses are significant to the history of the ancient Hebrews and to the origins of Judaism. Abraham founded Judaism, the first monotheistic religion. Moses led the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt and received the Ten Commandments from God. The Ancient Hebrews are the early ancestors of the Jewish People. They founded new ideas in religion, which became the origins of Judaism, the religion of the Jewish People. Judaism was the first religion based on monotheism, the concept of one God, who set down moral laws for humanity. These laws provide people with rules for living good lives. A. The account of the Hebrews begins with Abraham (known as Abram in his early life). Abram was born in Mesopotamia in about 2000 B.C. Mesopotamians believed in many gods, but Abram believed in one God. God spoke to Abram, telling him to travel with his family to Canaan. God told Abram to change his name to Abraham, which means “father of many”. Abraham became known as the father of the Jewish people and is considered the founder of Judaism. B. When Moses was born abound 1300 B.C. the Israelites were slaves. When Moses learned that he was an Israelite early on. God told Moses to demand freedom for the Israelites. God sent ten plagues (disasters) to Egypt. Around 1225 B.C. Moses led the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt (this is known as Exodus). He traveled through the desert to the promise land, Canaan. He received the Ten Commandments from God. The Ten Commandments became the basis for the laws of Judaism. They tell people how to worship God and how to behave responsibly. IV. The Hebrew Bible has three parts that are considered the Writings of Judaism. The Law, the Prophets and the third part is the Writings. Naomi and Ruth are significant in one of the most popular of the writings. A. In the 1100s B.C. Naomi had two sons. Mahlon, who married Ruth and Chilion, who married Orpah. Both of her sons die. Then, Naomi wanted to return to Bethlehem. She tells her daughters-in-law to return to Moab, to their own mothers so they could remarry. Orpah returned to Moab. Ruth stays with Naomi. They both return to Bethlehem. In Bethlehem Ruth marries an Israelite. Judaism did not agree with two people of two different religions getting married. B. Ruth is known for her loyalty to Naomi. She followed Naomi to Bethlehem where she remarried into a Jewish family and then converted to Judaism. V. Judaism survived and developed despite the continuing dispersion of much of the Jewish population from Jerusalem and the rest of Israel. A. By 1000 B.C. David had become the new King of Israel. He defeated the Philistines. His Kingdom stretched from Egypt to Mesopotamia. He took over Jerusalem which was a non-Jewish city and made it the new capital kingdom of Israel. Jerusalem grew as the center of government and religion in Israel. B. Around A.D. 68 Jerusalem was surrounded by the Roman army. A group called the Zelots controlled the city of Jerusalem. Yohan Ben Zaccai, a Jewish Rabbi, asked his friends to carry him out of the city hidden in a coffin so he could to talk to the Romans. When he reached the Romans he made a deal with them and asked if he could set up a center of Jewish Study in the town of Yavneh. The Romans agreed. Judaism survived the destruction of the Temple because of his actions. VI. Conclusion A. I now understand the origin of Judaism. And the significance of the ancient Hebrews. Also the importance of how Judaism survived and developed despite all of the tragedies. B. The most amazing fact I learned was how similar the lives of Abraham and Moses were even though they were thousands of years apart.