Download Guided Notes – Mendelian Genetics

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Guided Notes – Mendelian Genetics
(Also read PH text pp. 74-79)
 Mendel & His Pea Plants
▪ _________________ – the study of heredity
▪ _________________ – the study of how traits are passed from parent to offspring
▪ A man by the name of _____________________ was curious as to how traits were passed
from parent to child.

He did his own mathematical experiments with _______________.

For all of his work, he is known as the “_____________________________.”
▪ Mendel decided to use pea plants for the following reasons:
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The plants were _______________ .
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They were ____________________ .
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They were ____________________ .
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They produced a lot of _______________ in a short time
▪ He also liked to use pea plants because they were easy to _______________. A single plant
had both ___________ and _____________ parts on the same flower.
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The ______________ is the male part (holds sperm)
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The ______________ is the female part (holds eggs)
▪ Mendel studied ______________________
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 Mendel’s Experiments
▪ First, Mendel created a Parental (P) Generation of tall & short _____________ plants.
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Purebreds will only produce offspring _______________________.
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Tall purebred plants only produce _________offspring.
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Short purebred plants only produce ___________ offspring.
▪ Step 1: Mendel crossed a purebred tall plant with a purebred short plant by
__________________________. This meant dusting the pollen of one flower onto the pistil of
a ___________________flower.
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All the offspring came out _____________!
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He called this generation the _________________.
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Mendel was thoroughly _____________________.
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Shortness had somehow _____________________!
▪ Step 2: Mendel crossed two of the tall plants from the F1 generation by _________________.
This meant dusting the pollen of one flower onto the pistil of the _______________ flower.
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¾ of the plants were _________ and ¼ were _______________!
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He called this generation the ______________________.
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Mendel was now thoroughly ______________________.
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Shortness had _____________________!
▪ Let’s Recap:
P
F1
Step 1
____________________
__
F1
F2
Step 2
_____________________
_
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 Mendel’s Conclusion
▪ Mendel concluded that parents pass traits to their offspring via things called “factors”.
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We now know that the factors Mendel was talking about are called _____________.
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Genes are pieces of your _______________.
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Genes control all your _________________.
▪ Mendel concluded that there are ______________________ of the same gene.
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Different forms of a gene are called____________________
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Everyone has ____________ alleles for a single gene
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One allele comes from _____________, one from _______________
 Learning Terminology
▪ Dominant Allele
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The allele that always ______________
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Represented by a __________________
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THINK! – What allele can we use to represent Tallness? ________
▪ Recessive allele
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The allele that is ____________ by the dominant one
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Only shows up if the dominant allele is _____________
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Represented by a _______________
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THINK! – What allele can we use to represent shortness? ________
▪ Homozygous for a trait
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2 of the _____________ alleles for a gene
▪ Heterozygous for a trait
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2 ____________ alleles for a gene
▪ Phenotype
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What an organism ________________; physical appearance

THINK! – What do the following organisms look like?
TT = ____________
Tt = ______________
tt = ________________
▪ Genotype
–
The _______________ an organism possesses
–
Think of it as the ________________________
–
THINK! – What are the genotypes for: Tall = ________
& Short = __________
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