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NYS Global Regents Exams - http://www.nysedregents.org/GlobalHistoryGeography/ - LINK Year DBQ ESSAY TOPICS DBQ THEMATIC ESSAY TOPICS Thematic 2004 Revolutions - {Jan} Imperialism/Colonialism {June} Spread of Diseases/Epidemics {August} Change Turning Points Economic Systems 2005 Impact of Conquest War Technological Changes 20th Century Political Events Global Problems Change 2006 Imperialism Industrial Revolution Cold War Philosophical Beliefs & Ideas Conflict Movement of People & Goods: Trade 2007 French Revolution Economic Systems Natural Resources Human Rights Violations Political Change Political Systems 2008 Autocratic Governments Global Challenges/Issues Human Migration Non-Political Revolutions Belief Systems Geography {Changing Human Environments} 2009 Human Achievements Impact of Economic Systems Global Water Systems Geography and Cultural Diffusion Human Rights Violations Belief Systems 2010 Non-Political Revolutions Belief Systems Philosophical Writings/Ideas Nationalistic Movements Choices for THEMATIC Regents DBQ Month/Year January 2004 Thematic Thematic Choices Revolutions Change – Beliefs and Achievements Some Choices: Discuss two of these revolutions: the Neolithic Revolution, the Scientific Revolution, the Green Revolution • Explain the significant social, intellectual, and/or economic changes resulting from each of the two revolutions Identify two individuals who have changed global history and for each: • Explain one belief or achievement of that individual • Discuss the positive and/or negative effects of the individual’s belief or achievement Hammurabi, Confucius, Aristotle, Alexander the Great, Muhammad, Johannes Gutenberg, Queen Isabella, Leonardo da Vinci, John Locke, Catherine the Great, Simón Bolívar, or Nelson Mandela. Martin Luther – Protestant Reformation [16th c] William Wallace – Brave Heart – Scottish Resistance Movement [13th c] Jesus Christ – Responsible for sparking a backlash against Roman empire and ancient Judaism [corruption of religion by the Pharisees] Siddhartha Gautama [Buddha] June 2004 Imperialism/Colonialism Turning Points Some Choices: Discuss the political, social, and/or economic causes of British imperialism • Discuss the positive effects and the negative effects of British colonial rule Identify two major turning points in global history and for each: Neolithic Revolution, Crusades, Renaissance, Encounter, French Revolution, Russian Revolution of 1917, World War I, creation of the modern state of Israel, Nelson Mandela elected president of South Africa, and the fall of the Berlin Wall. • Describe the historical circumstances surrounding the turning point • Explain how each turning point changed the course of history Digital Revolution Creation of high speed computers and the internet Invention of the wheel by the Phoenicians Revolutionizes transportation and adds tools to facilitate human construction projects August 2004 Spread of Diseases/Epidemics Economic Systems Some Choices: Choose two epidemics and for each Identify one society and one economic system that has been used or is being used in that society and Europe during the Middle Ages, western Europe during the Industrial Revolution, the Soviet Union between • Explain why the epidemic spread • Discuss the effects of the epidemic on a specific society or societies Black Death in the 14th century, smallpox in the 16th century, and AIDS in the 20th and 21st centuries have had significant effects on societies. • Discuss the historical circumstances surrounding the development of that economic system • Describe two features of the economic system • Evaluate the impact the economic system had on this society during a specific historical period Topic: Impact of Conquest January 2005 Groups such as the Mongols, the Spanish, and the French have Brought many changes to conquered areas. 1917 and 1990, Japan after World War II, China since 1949 and Cuba since 1959. Some Choices: 20th century political events Identify two 20th-century political events and for each Lenin’s establishment of a Communist government in Russia, rise of totalitarian Select two of the groups mentioned in the historical context and for each • Discuss the political, economic, and/or social changes that resulted from the conquest • Discuss the historical circumstances surrounding the event • Evaluate the extent to which this event has had a positive or a negative effect on global history governments in Europe, Ho Chi Minh’s unification of Vietnam against imperialism, increasing support for Islamic fundamentalism in the Middle East, Mao Zedong’s Cultural Revolution in China, the dismantling of the Berlin Wall, development of Nuclear weapons in India and Pakistan, and Nelson Mandela’s opposition to apartheid in South Africa. Fidel Castro and Che Guevara’s Communist takeover of Cuba 9-11 – Attack on the Twin Towers June 2005 Topic: War Global Problems Select two different global problems and for Throughout history, many different reasons for wars exist. These wars have led each to both expected and unexpected Some Choices Environmental pollution, desertification, deforestation, outcomes. Discuss the economic, social, and/or political reasons for wars • Describe one major cause of the global problem • Discuss one effect of the global problem on a specific nation or region • Discuss the expected outcomes and the unexpected outcomes of wars Topic: Technological Changes August 2005 Throughout history, changes in technology have had a great influence on society. Development of the printing press, steampowered machinery, and the atomic bomb had a major impact on specific societies and the world. Identify two of the technological changes mentioned in the historical context and for each • Explain how the new technology changed the existing technology • Discuss the impact of this new technology on a specific society or the overpopulation, refugees, spread of disease, international drug trafficking, and ethnic conflicts. Global Warming/Greenhouse Gases Global Poverty Africa Haiti India Theme: Change Identify two leaders who changed the society in which they lived and for Each • Describe one situation the leader attempted to change • Describe one action the leader took to change this situation • Discuss the impact of that action on the society in which the leader lived Some Choices Martin Luther, Queen Elizabeth I, Toussaint L’Ouverture, Napoleon Bonaparte, Simón Bolívar, Otto von Bismarck, Mohandas Gandhi, Mao Zedong, Ho Chi Minh, Fidel Castro, and Nelson Mandela. William Wallace: Brave Heart Cecil Rhodes: imperialism of South Africa and creation of Rhodesia: started the rush to dominate Africa world January 2006 Topic: Imperialism Perspectives on imperialism differed depending on a person’s point of view. • Discuss imperialism from the point of view of the imperialist power • Discuss imperialism from the point of Theme: Philosophical beliefs and ideas Some Choices Choose two philosophers and/or leaders and for each Confucius, John Locke, Adam Smith, Simón Bolívar, Otto von Bismarck, Vladimir Lenin, Mohandas Gandhi, Mao Zedong, Fidel Castro, or Nelson Mandela. • Explain a major idea or belief of that philosopher or leader • Discuss how that idea or belief changed one nation or region view of the colonized people Karl Marx Siddhartha Gautama [Buddha] Socrates Topic: Industrial Revolution June 2006 The Industrial Revolution that began in Europe changed society in many ways. Some of these changes were positive while others were negative. Discuss both the positive effects and the negative effects of the Industrial Revolution on European society Theme: Conflict Some Choices • Discuss one major cause of that conflict • Identify two opposing groups involved in the conflict and discuss one viewpoint of each group • Discuss the extent to which the conflict was or was not resolved Crusades {Muslims and Christians}, French Revolution, World War I, Russian Revolution, Chinese civil war, partition of India {Muslim/Hindu Conflict}, the policy of apartheid in South Africa, the Rwandan civil war, and the Bosnian War. August 2006 Topic: Cold War As World War II came to an end, a new conflict emerged between the United States and the Soviet Union. This conflict, known as the Cold War, affected many regions of the world, including Europe, Asia, and Latin America. January 2007 Discuss how the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union affected other nations and/or regions of the world Theme: Movement of people and goods: Trade Identify two trade routes and/or trade organizations and for each • Explain one reason for the establishment of the trade route or trade organization • Discuss one positive effect or one negative effect of the trade route or trade organization on a specific nation or region Some Choices Silk Roads, the transSaharan trade routes of the African kingdoms, Mediterranean trade routes, the Hanseatic League, the British East India Company, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), and the European Union (EU). Topic: French Revolution Theme: Human Rights Violations Some Choices The French Revolution (1789–1814), which included Napoleon’s reign, is considered a major turning point in world history. This revolution led to major changes in France and other nations and regions of the world. Select two groups who have experienced human rights violations in a specific nation or region and for each Christians under the Roman Empire, indigenous peoples in Latin America {Guarani; Inca; Aztec} Armenians under the Ottoman Empire, Ukrainians after the Russian Revolution, Jews in Europe, Cambodians under Pol Pot, blacks under apartheid in South Africa, and Kurds in the Middle East {chemical annihilation of Iranians and Kurds by Saddam Husain} • Discuss the political, economic, and/or social causes of the French Revolution • Discuss how the French Revolution affected the people of France • Discuss one impact the French Revolution had on the world outside France • Describe one historical circumstance that led to a human rights violation in the nation or region • Describe one example of a human rights violation in that nation or region • Discuss the extent to which a government, a group, or an individual made an attempt to resolve this human rights violation June 2007 Topic: Economic Systems Theme: Political Change Throughout history, different economic systems have influenced specific nations, regions, and peoples. These systems include manorialism during the Middle Ages in Western Europe, mercantilism during the Age of Exploration, and communism in post–World War II China. Choose one example from global history where a government attempted to change society and Choose two of the economic systems mentioned in the historical context and for Each • Describe the characteristics of the economic system • Discuss the impact of the economic system on a specific nation or region or on a group of people • Describe the change the government wanted to bring about • Explain why the government wanted to make this change • Describe one specific policy the government used to try to bring about this change • Discuss the extent to which this change was achieved Some Choices: efforts to strengthen the Empire of Mali under Mansa Musa, Reformation in England under Henry VIII, westernization of Russia under Peter the Great, Reign of Terror during the French Revolution under Robespierre, Meiji Restoration in Japan under the Emperor Meiji, modernization of Turkey under Atatürk, five-year plans in the Soviet Union under Lenin or Joseph Stalin, fascism in Italy under Benito Mussolini, and oil policies in Venezuela under Hugo Chávez President Obama’s Health Care Reform – Universal Health Care Coverage Topic: Natural Resources August 2007 Throughout history, natural resources such as water, coal, oil, and diamonds have both helped and hindered the development of nations and regions. • Discuss how natural resources have helped and/or hindered the development of specific nations or regions Theme: Political Systems Choose two different political systems and for each • Describe the characteristics of the political system • Discuss how the political system has affected the history or culture of a specific nation or society Some Choices: absolute monarchy, constitutional monarchy, parliamentary democracy, direct democracy, theocracy, communism, and fascism. Socialism: Charles Fourier Karl Marx/Engels, Phalanx System of Independent Community Development Marx ideology and influence on Russia and other nations January 2008 Topic: Autocratic Governments Throughout history, governments have sometimes attempted to control the thoughts and actions of their people. Three such governments include Russia under Theme: Non-Political Revolutions Some Choices: Identify two nonpolitical revolutions that brought important intellectual, economic, and/or social changes to societies and for each Neolithic Revolution (10,000–6,000 B.C.), Commercial Revolution (11th–18th centuries), Scientific Revolution June 2008 • Describe one change brought about by this nonpolitical revolution • Discuss an impact this nonpolitical revolution had on a specific society or societies Choose two governments mentioned in the historical context and for each (16th–18th centuries), Enlightenment (17th–18th centuries), Agricultural Revolution (18th–19th centuries), Industrial Revolution in Europe (18th–19th centuries), and Green Revolution (late 20th century). • Describe the efforts of the government to control the thoughts and/or actions of its people • Discuss an impact of this government’s efforts on its society Modern Day Digital Revolution Information Super Highway Social Networking Sites [Facebook, My Space] the rule of Peter the Great, Germany under the rule of Adolf Hitler, and China under the rule of Mao Zedong. The efforts of these governments greatly affected their societies. Topic: Global Challenges Genocide, threats to the environment, and weapons of mass destruction are problems that the world has had to face. Various attempts have been made by the international community and its members to address and resolve these problems. Select two problems mentioned in the historical context and for each • Describe the problem Theme: Belief Systems Some Choices: Choose two major belief systems and for each Animism, Buddhism, Christianity, Confucianism, Daoism, Islam, Judaism, legalism, and Shinto. • Explain key beliefs and/or practices • Discuss an influence the belief system had on the lives of its followers or the society in which it was practiced Hinduism Caste System {untouchable caste} • Discuss attempts made to address and/or resolve the problem August 2008 Topic: Human Migration Throughout history, migrations of people have affected countries and regions. These migrations have been both voluntary and involuntary and include Africans to the Americas, Jews to Palestine and Israel, and Hindus/Muslims between India and Pakistan. Select two migrations mentioned in the historical context and for each • Describe the historical circumstances surrounding the voluntary or involuntary migration • Discuss an impact the migration had on the country or region from which the group left and/or an impact the migration had on the new destination Theme: Geography: How Humans Change the Environment Select two different nations/regions and for each • Explain why the society modified their environment • Explain how the people of that specific nation/region modified their physical environment • Discuss the effect this modification had on that nation/region Some Choices: Middle East (modified the land) {Israel building of a wall and building settlements around Palestinian region}, Africa (modified the land), Japan (modified the land), Great Britain (removed resources), South Africa (removed resources), Brazil (removed vegetation), China (built a structure), and East Germany (built structures). Venice, Italy: Built houses on stilt system and utilized and developed canal system for transportation January 2009 Topic: Human Achievements Throughout history, individuals have made major contributions to the world. Their achievements have had an impact on global history. Three of these individuals are Leonardo da Vinci, Toussaint L’Ouverture, and Mohandas Gandhi. Select two individuals mentioned in the historical context and for each Theme: Geography & Cultural Diffusion Select two different geographic factors and for each • Explain how the geographic factor affected the development of a specific nation/region • Discuss how that geographic factor promoted or hindered cultural diffusion • Describe the historical period during which the individual lived • Describe a major achievement of this individual • Discuss the impact of this achievement on global history Topic: Impact of Economic Systems and Social Changes June 2009 While economic and social changes have occurred throughout history, certain time periods have seen great changes. These time periods include the Middle Ages, the Industrial Revolution in England, and the Age of Globalization. Choose two time periods mentioned in the historical context and for each Theme: Human Rights Violations & Crimes Against Humanity Select two different examples from history where human rights have been denied to groups of people and for each • Explain the historical circumstances that led to the denial of human rights • Describe how the human rights of that group were denied • Discuss an action taken by an individual, a group, or a government that Some Choices: Deserts, rivers, mountains, plains, islands, irregular coastlines, straits, rainforests, climate, and location. Sahara Desert {Africa} Andes Mountains {SA} Island Nation of Japan Arctic Regions Amazon Rainforests of SA Congo Regions of Africa Some Choices: indigenous people in Latin America {Guarani people of Brazil/Paraguay} The movie “The Mission”} during the Encounter, Jews in Russia during the pogroms, Armenians under the Ottomans, blacks under apartheid in South Africa, Chinese students in • Describe the economic and/or social attempted to end the human rights violations changes that occurred during that time period • Discuss an impact of a change on society or on a specific group of people Tiananmen Square, Bosnian Muslims in the former Yugoslavia, and women under the Taliban in Afghanistan. Russian People under the Communist Regime of Vladamir Lenin and/or Joseph Stalin {Gulag System} August 2009 Topic: Global Water Systems Theme: Belief System {Religion} Some Choices: Throughout history, the usage and control of waterways such as rivers, canals, straits, and seas have had economic and political effects on many societies. Select two belief systems from your study of global history and for each Buddhism, Christianity, Confucianism, Daoism, Hinduism, Islam, and Judaism. • Explain one major idea of the belief system • Discuss the effects the belief system has had January 2010 • Discuss how the usage or control of waterways has had economic effects and/or political effects on societies on the politics, society, and/or the economy of a specific nation or region Protestant Religions Martin Luther Austere Practice of Christianity 95 Theses – Man should follow the Bible, his conscience, and God not the rituals and directives of the Roman Catholic Church and its political hierarchy Economic factor: Catholic church lost billions as German Princes ceded from Catholic control/taxes and. Revenue loss from reduction in sale of indulgences Topic: Non-Political Revolutions Theme: Philosophical Writings and Leaders Some Choices: Throughout history, many changes have occurred in the way food is produced. Some of the major changes occurred during the Neolithic Revolution, Agrarian (Agricultural) Revolution, and the Green Revolution. These changes in food production had political, social, and Select two intellectuals, philosophers, and/or leaders and a writing associated with that person and for each • Describe the historical circumstances surrounding this writing Bartolomé de las Casas— Brief Report on the Destruction of the Indians Martin Luther—Ninety-five Theses John Locke—Two Treatises on Government Olympe de Gouges—The economic effects on societies and regions. Select two food production revolutions mentioned in the historical context and for each • Describe a main idea found in this writing • Discuss how this idea has influenced the development of a nation or region • Describe the change in food production during that revolution • Discuss political, social, and/or economic effects the change in food production had on society or a region Declaration of the Rights of Woman Karl Marx—Communist Manifesto Theodor Herzl—On the Jewish State Adolf Hitler—Mein Kampf Mao Zedong—Little Red Book Nelson Mandela—Long Walk to Freedom Jean Jacque Rousseau The Social Contract “Man is born free, yet everywhere he is in chains” Man agrees to give up his natural freedoms so long as the government provides security and good government June 2010 Theme: Change & Ideas The ideas of individuals have had a significant influence on groups, nations, and regions. Select two individuals and for each Confucius, Niccolò Machiavelli, Galileo Galilei, John Locke, Simón Bolívar, Karl Marx, Kemal Atatürk, Nelson Mandela, Deng Xiaoping, and Mikhail • Explain a specific idea developed by the individual • Describe the historical circumstances that surrounded the development of the idea • Discuss how the idea influenced a group or a nation or a region August 2010 Topic: Belief Systems Theme: Nationalistic Movements Throughout history, the spread of belief systems has influenced social, economic, and political developments in many regions. These belief systems include Islam, Christianity, and Buddhism. Select two belief systems mentioned in the historical context and for each • Describe how the belief system spread to a specific region or regions • Discuss how the belief system influenced a region or regions socially, economically, and/or politically Select one country or region and • Describe the historical circumstances that led the people of this country or region to begin a nationalist movement • Describe a goal of the nationalist movement • Discuss a method used to achieve this goal • Discuss the results of this nationalist movement on this country or region Gorbachev. Jesus Christ Siddhartha Gautama Jean Jacque Rousseau Voltaire Jim Jones – Cults Bob Dylan – Music Thoreau and Emerson Serbia WW I – desire for independence against Austro-Hungarian Empire Germany WW II – Nazism – ultra Nationalism Scotland in the 13th century against England – William Wallace India’s desire for home rule against the British – Gandhi Muslims during time of Gandhi {1940s} – desire for own state – Pakistan & Bangladesh established Japan during WW II – imperialism of Asia because of Nationalistic aspirations