Download 1 - EPHSLinnBiology

Protein Synthesis Study Guide
Name____________________________________Date____________Mod________
Define the following:
1. transcription
2. translation
3. codon
4. replication
5. mRNA
6. ribosome
7. amino acid
8. mutation
9. anticodon
10. Nucleotide
Protein Synthesis Study Guide
11. What are the three parts that make up a nucleotide?
12.
How many different nitrogen bases are there in DNA?
13. How many different nitrogen bases are there in RNA?
14. Name the different nitrogen bases found in DNA:
15. Which base from RNA replaces thymine from DNA?
16. A nucleotide consists of what 3 parts?
17. In the ladder-like model of DNA, the uprights consist of what two parts?
18. After replication, each new double strand of DNA, compared to the original
strand, is
19. If one strand of DNA has the nitrogen bases TATGC, the other strand has
the bases
Protein Synthesis Study Guide
20. RNA contains the nitrogen base
21. The sugar present in RNA is
22. RNA is usually composed of a ______________ chain of nucleotides.
23. Name the purines and pyrimidines:
24. If a strand of DNA has the nitrogen bases TATGC, its RNA copy would have
the bases
Part C -Drawing a DNA Molecule that consists of
a. 4 nucleotides
b. 4 uprights
c. 2 purines
d. 2 pyrimidines
Protein Synthesis Study Guide
Part D Fill in the Blank.
Read the following paragraph and fill in the blanks with the words provided in the
word bank. Don’t forget to ACTIVELY READ.
The nucleus of the cell contains a “blueprint” (instructions) for the structure
of a cell and cell activity. These instructions are found within structures called
___29___. A normal person has ___30___ (a number) of these structures in
every nucleus of every cell. The structures inside the nucleus are made of
long, twisted strands of ___31___. This molecule resembles a ladder when it
is flattened. The rungs of the “ladder” are composed of __32__, while the
sides (upright parts) are made of __33___ and ___33___. This DNA molecule
makes copies of itself during the ___34____ phase of interphase. During this
replication process, the original molecule makes ___35___ (a number) new
molecules that are ___36___ to the original strand.
DNA cannot leave the nucleus of the cell, so our cell makes a(n)
___37___ copy of the DNA. This copy goes into the cytoplasm to find a
ribosome and make ___38___.
Protein Synthesis Study Guide
Part D Transcribing and Translating a DNA Sequence
Decode the following chart and fill in the missing triplets using the answer
bank at the bottom.
Chromosome DNA
code
mRNA base code
tRNA base code
Amino Acid
AGC
CGA
GUU
Valine