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Life behind the lines As Grant’s army moved toward Mississippi and McClellan’s army threatened Richmond what was the Crisis that the South face? 1.____________________________________________________________ Politics in the South Despite the similarities between the Confederate Constitution and the Constitution of the United States the framers of the Confederate Constitution made certain to include what in their version? 2.___________________ ___________________________ What problem(s) were caused by these two differences? 3._____________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ __________ Mobilizing for War Fearing the war would be lost if the South did not have enough soldiers to fight, what did General Robert E. Lee call for? 4.________________________________________ 5. What argument did opponents make in opposition to Lee’s request? ____________________________________________________ ___________ It could be said that Senator Louis Wigfall’s argument for supporting Lee’s request is the same thing as saying “The good of the many outweigh the good of the few or the one”. Do you agree or disagree? Explain 6.___________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ _________________________ In April 1862 the Confederate congress passed a draft law. What were the terms of this law? 7._______________________________________________________________________ As a result of this law what was the effect on Volunteers currently serving in the Confederate Army? 8.__________________________________________________________ 9. What changes took place in dealing with the ages of those that were required to serve in the Confederate Army? ______________________________________. Based on those changes, what does that tell you about the Confederate Army? 10.________________________________________________________ Who did the South Excuse from this law? 11.____________________________________ Why? 12.________________________________________ ___________ In addition to the law requiring mandatory military service the Confederate government will also take control of a number of items in the Southern Economy. What areas will the Southern Government try to control? 13.________________________________ 14.________________________________ 15.________________________________ In order to raise money for the war and control labor shortages what steps did the Confederate Government take? 16._________________________________________________ 17._________________________________________________ What was the number one problem caused by the way the Southern Government tried to control the labor shortage? 18.__________________________________________________ The Impact of State Rights The whole reason why the Southern States has seceded from the Union was over the issue of States Rights. Summarize the problems created between this idea and the actions of the Confederate Government during the War 19.___________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Seeking Help from Europe Despite the fact that union blockade of the Southern Ports effectively prevented cotton exports from reaching Great Britain and France, Southerners continued to hope for what? 20._______________________________________________ _________________ 21. On what date did the Confederate Government send the first representative to both Great Britain and France? __________________________________________ Contrary to the hopes of Southerners Great Britain and France both failed to give the Confederacy 22.____________________________________. However they did received some help in the form of what? 23._____________________________________________________ In 1862 it looked possible that France my give the South what? 24.______________________ What is it important for a rebel state to gain recognition? 25._____________________________ Summarize why France would have been willing to grant the Southern States Recognitions? 26.______________________________________________ Of course, why was France reluctant to give this badly needed recognition? 27.___________________________________________________ Napoleon III List the two viewpoints of the Southern US held by British leaders 28._____________________________________ 29._____________________________________ In the end what did Great Britain decided to do before it would agree to granting Recognition and offering military assistance. Politics in the North After the Early losses to Confederate forced, President Lincoln had to convince many Northern Also at this time what international crisis did the Union face? 31.________________________________________ Tensions with Great Britain Summarize the event in late 1861 that contributed to increased tensions between the Union and Great Britain 30.___________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 31. What was Great Britain response to the actions of the Union in late 1861? _______________ ______________________________________________ ________________________________ 32. What did Lincoln demand of Great Britain for its support of the South through privateers?___________________ Republicans in Control With Southern Democrats out of the United States congress, Republicans had very little problems getting bills and laws passed make the Civil War Congress 33.____________________________________________________________________ List and describe the two major bills the Union Congress would pass that have a lasting effect on the United States. 34.__________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ___________ _______________________ 35.__________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ In addition the disappearance of Southern Democrats allow to the Union Congress to do what? 36.___________________________________________________________ Financial Measures In order for the Union to raise money for the War in 1861 they instituted the first what? 37.__________________________________ Describe it 38._________________________________________________ What other two things did the Union government enact as a way to increase or control revenue designed to fight the War. 39.________________________________________________ __________ 40.________________________________________________ ___________ Emergency Wartime Actions Like the Government in the South the Union Government exercised increasing power during the Civil War. What 4 slave states (Known as Border States) still remained in the Union? 41. _______________ ___________________ _______________________ ____________________ In order to ensure loyalty in these states Lincoln ordered a number of controversial actions in each of these areas. List below the actions carried out in each state to ensure that loyalty to the Union was maintained. Be sure to include dates, actions and any other relevant information 42. Maryland -__________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 43. Delaware - _______________________________________________________________ 44. Missouri -__________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 45. Kentucky - _________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Just like the way the South handled conscription to ensure they had enough men to fight the war, the Union also instituted a draft in March 1863, what were two things an individual could do to avoid the draft? 46. ______________________________________________ _____________ _____________________________________ Opposition to the War In July 1863 what was the major result when the Union passed its draft law? 47. ______________________________________________________________________________ 48. How long did it take the Union to end the event and what was the result? ________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Other opposition to the war took place in Congress. Even though all Southern Democrats were no longer seated in the Union congress there were Northern Democrats. What nickname was given to them? 49.__________________________ 50.What did these Northern Democrats feel would happen by freeing slaves?________________________________________________________________________ ______ 51. What did the more radical Northern Democrats try to do? ____________________________ _________________________________________ In order to silence opposition in Congress as well as in the Northern states President Lincoln embarked on another round of controversial actions. How did Lincoln silence Northern Democrats as well as other Opponents of the War? 52.___________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________ In a bid to silence opposition the war what legal protection did Lincoln suspend during the War? 53. ________________________________________ ______________________________ 54. What protection did this usually provide for? ______________________________________ ________________________________________ _____ 55. Summarize the Results of Lincoln’s attempts to suppress opposition to the war in the North. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Emancipation and the War Read this section for understanding and take notes for yourself. We will read the Proclamation in class and discuss its implications. African American’s Fight The Emancipation proclamation has two immediate effects. Name them 56._______________________________. 57._______________________________ __________________________________ The Contraband Issue As Union soldiers approached areas in the south, Southern slave owners usually fled with their slaves. Sometimes the slaves were either left behind or attempted to escape to the safety of Union soldiers. Many times the Union officers, believing they had no other choice, did what? 58._______________________________________________________________________ Describe the Contraband issue and the legal argument the Union made to support it. 59._______ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 60. What did the Union do with any former slaves they managed to “confiscate”?____________ ________________________________________________ _____________________________ African American Soldiers When the Civil War first began black volunteers were not allowed to join the Union Army. After what even would Congress authorize Lincoln to begin accepting African Americans into the Union army? 61. ________________________________________________________ By 1865 (the Year the Civil War ended) how many African Americans were serving in the Union Army? 62. ________________________________________________________ 63. Describe the African American soldiers’ accommodations. (How they lived /worked / fought)________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 64. What is the most famous of the African American units during the Civil War? (They attacked Ft. Wagner in South Carolina / The movie Glory is made about them)__________________________________________ _______________________________ The Hardships of War Due to the changing Northern policy dealing with slaves thousands of southern slaves escaped to the north. In what two ways did this hurt the Confederacy? 65. ___________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 66. By 1863 what was becoming clear to both sides? __________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ The Southern Economy What things resulted in a food shortage in the South? 67._____________________________________________________________ 68._____________________________________________________________ 69._____________________________________________________________ What was the result of these food shortages in southern cities? 70._________________________ ___________________________ What was one positive effect on the South during the Civil War? 71._______________________ While new factories were being built to supply the south with its need for manufactured goods, women began to fill many of the jobs in the factories; however, a labor shortage still remained. In addition to this labor shortage what other economic problem befell the south? 72.___________________________________________________________________________ The Northern Economy While some northern businesses were hurt by the war, overall the economy in the Northern states was booming. As in the south as more men joined the army and left for war women filled their positions in the factories. Why did factory managers prefer women? 73.____________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Prison Camps As the war dragged on captured soldiers on both sides were housed in prison camps in the north and the south. What came was the most notorious of all of them? 74._______________________ Why was the problem with this camp? 75.___________________________________________ What probably accounted for the problems with this camp? 76.___________________________ _______________________________________________________ Improving Medical Conditions (Read and Take notes for yourself in the space provided. Make sure to record any relevant information.)