* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Notes from A Journey Through North Carolina
Survey
Document related concepts
India in World War II wikipedia , lookup
World War II by country wikipedia , lookup
Aftermath of World War II wikipedia , lookup
Foreign relations of the Axis powers wikipedia , lookup
British propaganda during World War II wikipedia , lookup
Consequences of the attack on Pearl Harbor wikipedia , lookup
Diplomatic history of World War II wikipedia , lookup
United States home front during World War II wikipedia , lookup
European theatre of World War II wikipedia , lookup
Home front during World War II wikipedia , lookup
Causes of World War II wikipedia , lookup
Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere wikipedia , lookup
End of World War II in Europe wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Notes from A Journey Through North Carolina Rumblings of War (p. 332) National Socialist [Workers’] Party (Nazi)/Hitler in Germany Benito Mussolini and Fascist Party in Italy Japan—plotting to take over Asia Germany, Italy, Japan=Axis Powers Italy—invaded Ethiopia Germany supported Franco to overthrow the Spanish government and also occupied Austria and part of Czechoslovakia Japan took over much of China US=isolationism=staying out of other nations’ conflicts Blitzkrieg (p. 333) Swift movement in taking over nations in Europe o Poland, Denmark, Norway, Holland, Belgium, France The United States Prepares for Combat (p. 333) Congress issued peacetime draft Expanded Ft. Bragg, Camp Davis (army) Camp Lejeune, Cherry Point (marines) Factories began making military supplies to sell to Britain Trouble in Asia (p. 333) European colonies in Asia vulnerable to Japan US Pacific fleet bases—Philippines, Guam, Wake Island, Hawaii The United States Goes to War (p. 334) December 7, 1941 “ A date which will live in infamy”—Japanese planes attacked Pearl Harbor in Hawaii Much of Pacific fleet destroyed, 2,400 people killed Other bases also suffered destruction by Japanese forces Congress declared war on Japan the next day; then Germany and Italy declared war on the US US, Britain, Soviet Union=Allied powers 350,000 North Carolinians including 7,000 women served in armed forces during war War in Europe (p. 334) Germany focused on Eastern Europe for coal and oil fields=fuel for German tanks, planes, submarines Soviet Union took most of the fighting Battles of the US Coast (p. 336) Germany had a powerful submarine fleet which patrolled for oil tankers and other supply ships Many strikes off NC coast—debris, oil slicks, dead bodies on the shore Life on the Home Front (pp. 336-7) Ration stamps=stamps to buy certain goods such as sugar, meat, gasoline, rubber, shoes “victory gardens” Scrap metal drives War bonds Families with members serving in war flew white flags with blue stars for each member serving in war (gold stars stitched over blue when soldiers died) More than 7,000 NC men and women died in combat War Ends the Depression (pp. 338-9) Congress increased the income tax Jobs in armed forces, factories manufacturing war supplies Ft. Bragg expanded (5,000 to 70,000 soldiers)—building programs employed many NC people More people, more traffic, more land/housing sales, private industry flourished— ships, aircraft, chemical, electronics Prisoners of War (p. 339) NC had 17 POW (prisoners of war) Camps with 10,000 prisoners Geneva Convention—governs treatment of war prisoners POWs put to work on farms, cutting timber, etc. “Rosie the Riveter” (p. 340) Women filled men’s jobs in factories in traditional “male” jobs NC—1/2 manufacturing jobs held by women Served in armed forces=WAC (Women’s Army Corps), WAVES (Women Appointed for Volunteer Emergency Sevice), WASPs (Women’s Air Force Service Pilots) No combat, instead nurses, radio operators, administrators, pilots African Americans and the War (p. 342) Tuskegee Airmen—all-black flight training program at Tuskegee Institute Blacks allowed in Marine Corps for the first time (since Rev. War) Separate training facilities and regiments Persistent Racism (p. 343) Racism in armed forces and in general public Japanese Internment (p. 343) Fear of Japanese sabotaging or spying Lost jobs, homes, businesses, possessions when moved to internment camps in the rural areas US government apologized in 1988 for it The Tide Turns in Europe (p. 344) Stalingrad North Africa July 1943—Italy fell to Allied troops D-Day (Doomsday) (p. 344) June 6, 1944 Troops crossed English Channel to Normandy Largest land/water operation ever attempted (amphibious) 2,500 Allied soldiers were killed Liberation of France V-E Day—May 8th The Holocaust (p. 345) The War in Asia (pp. 346-7) Key military victory at Midway Island in June 1942 Island hopping—controlling Pacific islands (one at a time) The Atomic Bomb (p. 347) Manhattan Project Oak Ridge, TN Testing in New Mexico August 6,1945—Little Boy dropped on Hiroshima from the Enola Gay Fat Man on Nagasaki on Aug. 9th Atomic bombs instead of invading Japan V-J Day—Sept. 2—unconditional surrender by Japan