Download Final review questions: chapters 10

Final review questions: chapters 10 -12
1. What advantage does sexual reproduction have over asexual reproduction?
2. Do larger or smaller cells have a larger surface area-to-volume ratio?
3. The period between cell divisions is called
4. At the beginning of cell division, a chromosome consists of two
5. A cell enters anaphase before all of its chromosomes have attached to the spindle. This may indicate
that the cell is not responding to
6. What can differentiate into any type of cell, tissue, or even an entire organism?
7. What regulates the timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotes?
8. The spindle fibers of a dividing cell were labeled with a fluorescent dye. At the beginning of anaphase,
a laser beam was used to mark a region of the spindle fibers about halfway between the centrioles and
the chromosomes. The laser beam stopped the dye from glowing in this region, as shown in the second
diagram. The laser did not inhibit the normal function of the fibers.
This experiment tests a hypothesis about
A. how chromosomes migrate during cell division.
B. how fluorescent dyes work in the cell.
C. the effect of lasers on cells.
D. why cells divide
9. What happens to the chromosome number during meiosis?
10. Two pink-flowering plants are crossed. The offspring flower s are as follows: 25% red, 25% white, and
50% pink. What pattern of inheritance does flower color in these flowers follow?
11. What is used to construct a gene map?
12. During which phase of meiosis is the chromosome number reduced?
13. Which ratio did Mendel find in his F2 generation?
14. Alleles for the same trait are separated from each other during the process of
15. Genes A, B, C, and D are located on the same chromosome. After calculating recombination
frequencies, a student determines that these genes are separated by the following map units:
C–D, 25 map units; A–B, 12 map units; B–D, 20 map units; A–C, 17 map units.
Which gene map best reflects the student's data?
A
B
C
D
16. Genes A, B, C, and D are located on the same chromosome. After calculating recombination
frequencies, a student determines that these genes are separated by the following map units:
C–D, 25 map units; A–B, 12 map units; B–D, 20 map units; A–C, 17 map units. How many
map units apart are genes A and D?
17. Which of the following is NOT one of Gregor Mendel's principles?
A. The alleles for different genes usually segregate
dependently.
B. Some forms of a gene may be dominant.
C. The inheritance of characteristics is determined by factors
(genes).
D. Crossing-over occurs during meiosis.
18. Compared to eukaryotic cells,
prokaryotic cells contain
about 1000 times more DNA.
A
about one thousandth as much DNA.
B
twice as much DNA.
C
the same amount of DNA.
D
19. During replication, which sequence of nucleotides would bond with the DNA sequence
TATGA?
20. Which of the following does NOT describe the structure of DNA?
double helix
A
nucleotide polymer
B
contains adenine-guanine pairs
C
contains cytosine-guanine pairs
D
21. When prokaryotic cells copy their DNA, replication begins at
one point on the DNA molecule.
A
two points on opposite ends of the DNA molecule.
B
dozens to hundreds of points along the molecule.
C
opposite ends of the molecule.
D
22. The scientist(s) responsible for the discovery of bacterial transformation is
23. The two "backbones" of the DNA molecule consist of
24. What did Hershey and Chase's work show?
25. In eukaryotic chromosomes, DNA is tightly coiled around proteins called
26. Under ideal conditions, a single bacterial cell can reproduce every 20 minutes. The graph
shows how the total number of cells under ideal conditions can change over time.
How many cells are present after 80 minutes?
27. If the DNA of this bacterium is 4 million base pairs in length, how many total molecules of A, T,
C, and G are required for replication to be successful?