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Name _____________________________________________ Extra Support for Vocabulary and Concepts How Are Living Things Adapted to Their Environment? Science Words Environment [en•VY•ruhn•muhnt] all the living and nonliving things in an area Adaptation [ad•uhp•TAY•shuhn] a characteristic that helps a living thing survive Physical adaptation [FIZ•ih•kuhl ad•uhp•TAY•shuhn] an adaptation in a body part A duck’s webbed foot is a physical adaptation for swimming. -An ostrich’s long legs are a physical adaptation that lets it run fast in open spaces. -The dark color of pond turtles is a physical adaptation that helps them hide in the mud. -The waxy coatings of some desert plants are a physical adaptation to keep from losing water. -A penguin’s black feathers and layer of fat are physical adaptations to extremely cold weather. -The flexible stems of plants that live in rivers let them bend with the flow of the water. 17 © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Name _____________________________________________ Extra Support for Vocabulary and Concepts Behavioral adaptation [buh•HAYV•yer•uhl ad•uhp•TAY•shuhn] something an organism does to help it survive Instinct [IN•stinkt] a type of behavioral adaptation; an inherited behavior an animal knows how to do without having to learn it Knowing how to build a nest is an instinct. Hibernate [HY•ber•nayt] go into a deep, sleep-like state that helps an animal survive harsh winter conditions. Migrate [MY•grayt] move a long distance as a group from one region to another and back. 18 © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Name _____________________________________________ Extra Support for Vocabulary and Concepts Choose the best answer 1-Which adaptation of this mountain lion enables it to catch the deer? thick fur a long tail strong legs small ears 2-Where would an animal with thick white fur and a thick layer of fat most likely live? in the desert in a grassland in a stream in a polar region 3-The animal shown below has webbed feet and a paddle-like tail. Where does this animal most likely live? in a tree near a stream in the desert on the polar ice 4-Which adaptation would you expect in animals that live in caves? very good hearing poor hearing very good eyesight brightly colored fur 5-Which adaptation would you expect to find in a bird that swims? feet with curling toes and tiny claws feet with large hooked claws feet with feathers feet with webbing 6-Lakes are home to many kinds of birds. Which feet are most likely the adaptation of a bird that swims in water to find food? 19 © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Name _____________________________________________ Extra Support for Vocabulary and Concepts 7-What adaptation keeps the plant below from losing water? long, deep roots long, shallow roots flat, waxy leaves bright, colorful flowers 8-Which is the name for what animals do when they go into a deep, sleeplike state in winter? Freeze Hibernate Migrate Travel 9-Some animals migrate every year. Which of these is the main reason animals migrate? to find food to find she to get away from danger to find another place to live 10-Which of these is an example of migration? ground squirrels going into underground burrows tree squirrels gathering and storing nuts every fall gray whales having their young in warm ocean waters tundra swans flying south in winter and north in summer 11-Which of these is an example of a behavior that is an instinct? spider building a web a polar bear waiting by a seal hole a chimpanzee using a tool a young bird making its first flight -Plants and animals have adaptations suitable to the environments in which they live. Mention an example of animal’s adaptation and another of plant’s adaptation. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 20 © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company