Download Review Sheet

CPE Science Semester 2 Final Exam Review 2010-2011
This review sheet is divided into chapters with the pages covered in each chapter listed because we
did not cover all parts of all chapters. The important vocabulary is listed for each chapter. You should
make flash cards of the vocabulary to help you study. A set of questions follows the vocabulary in each
chapter. Look for the answers to these questions in your book and in your notes. These questions do not
necessarily cover everything in the chapter. They just give you an idea of some of the important topics.
Write all of your answers on a separate sheet of paper. There will not be enough room for you to
write your answers on this sheet. This sheet is designed so you can then continue to use this as a
question/answer review. Study with friends or family by having other people quiz you. Simply
answering these questions will not prepare you for your exam. You must study the information,
memorize vocabulary, and seek to understand how to do the problems.
Chapter 10- Motion
Pages covered – all
Vocabulary- motion speed velocity acceleration force friction
kinetic friction frame of reference
1. How does friction affect moving objects?
static friction
2. What is the difference between speed and velocity?
3. A child runs a distance of 3.4m in 13sec. How fast is she running?
4. A time traveler disturbs a mastodon as it is munching twigs. It accelerates from rest to 42m/sec in
8sec. What is the rate of acceleration? What unit is this in?
5. Look at graph A. What is being graphed?
(What would you title graph A?)
6.
Look at Graph A. What is the speed at 25sec?
7. During what interval is the person resting?
8. Look at graph B. What is being graphed? (What would you title graph B?)
9. What is the acceleration at 10sec?
10. What is the speed of the car at 25sec?
11. What are you describing when you discuss speed and direction?
a. acceleration
b. speed
c. momentum
d. velocity
12. What does a flat line represent on a distance-time graph?
a. constant speed
b. constant acceleration
c. object is at rest
d. constant deceleration
13. On a speed versus time graph, a flat line represents _____.
14. For the graph shown in Figure A, when is the car at rest?
15. Jasmine the cat accelerates from rest to a speed of 12m/sec. If her rate of acceleration is 6.5m/sec/sec,
how long does it take Jasmine to reach her final speed?
Chapter 11- Forces
Pages covered – 346-357 and 360-366
Vocabulary- inertia Newton’s first law Newton’s second law free fall terminal velocity
weight mass momentum Newton’s third law of motion
16. Which has more momentum at the same speed- a child riding on a bicycle or a large truck moving
down the road? Explain why.
17. Give an example of Newton’s first law of motion.
18. Give an example of Newton’s second law of motion.
19. Give an example of Newton’s third law of motion.
20. Be able to relate Newton’s 1st and 2nd law of motion to the pinewood derby race.
21. Which has more momentum, your house or a flying insect?
22. A 300Kg piano is tossed from a catapult at a rate of 25m/sec. What is the momentum?
23. Forces that produce no change in motion because they cancel each other out are
a. balanced forces
b. unbalanced forces
c. frictional forces
d. gravitational forces
24. The force that acts in the opposite direction of the motion of an object is
a. balanced force
b. unbalanced force
c. frictional force
d. gravitational force
25. An 80Kg man travels to the moon, where the acceleration due to gravity is 1/6 what it is on Earth.
What is the man’s mass on the moon?
a. 13.3Kg
b. 13.3N
c. 80Kg
d. 80N
e. 130.7Kg
f. 130.7N
26. According to Newton’s third law of motion, “a bat exerts a force on a baseball, and…”
a. the ball flies away from the bat.
c. The bat moves forward on the follow-through
b. The ball exerts an equal and opposite force on the ball.
27. A 45Kg boy runs 25m in 8 sec. What is his momentum?
28. Find the weight, in Newtons, of a 145pound man.
Chapter 12- Work and Energy
Pages covered- 378-381 and 391-405
Vocabulary- work power potential energy kinetic energy heat energy chemical energy
nuclear energy electrical energy light energy Law of Conservation of Energy
29. A bicycle has a mass of 20 Kg. It is moving at 8m/sec. What is the Kinetic energy?
30. Explain the kinetic-potential conversions that occur when a ball is thrown up and it comes back down.
31. If you do 300J of work in 60sec, what is your power output?
32. What is the mass of a box that has 300J of KE and is traveling at 15m/sec?
33. If mass = 20Kg and velocity = 10m/sec, what is the KE?
34. A 3000 Kg tree is hanging from a cliff 40m from the ground. What is the GPE of the tree?
35. What is the weight of an object that is sitting at a height of 5m and is storing 600J of GPE?
36. Force is calculated by _____ work and distance.
a. adding
b. subtracting
c. multiplying
d. dividing
37. Heat energy is often caused by
a. rotation
b. friction
c. heat is not a form of energy
38. Light is a form of what type of energy?
a. mechanical
b. chemical
c. nuclear
d.electromagnetic
39. An object’s kinetic energy varies with its
a. mass and velocity
b. mass and volume
c. weight and mass
40. True or False. Work is the rate at which energy is used.
d. volume and velocity
41. True/False. If you carry a 50N box 10m across the room, then you have done 500J of work.
42. What is the force needed to accelerate a 5Kg object from 0m/sec to 10m/sec in 2sec?
43. A man bench presses 700N to a height of 0.75m. If it takes him 3sec to do so, what is his power?
44. An 1800Kg car is traveling at a speed of 30m/sec, what is the KE?
45. A woman lifts an 8.5Kg bowling ball to a height of 2.5m above the floor. What it the potential energy
of the bowling ball?
46. Explain how the Law of Conservation of Energy applied to the Pinewood Derby race.
47. Regarding the Pinewood Derby track…Where was the most PE? KE?
48. What happened to the PE as your car went down the Pinewood derby track?
Chapter 13- Heat and Temperature
Vocabulary- temperature thermometer absolute zero
convection convection current radiation
49. Compare conduction, convection, and radiation
heat
Pages covered- 420-431
thermal conduction
50. Relate absolute zero to the kinetic energy of particles
51. What temperature is 45F on the Celsius and Kelvin scale?
52. Draw the convection currents that would be seen in a pot on the stove. Show where different
temperature zones are in the pot.
53. If two objects that have different temperatures come into contact with each other, what will happen?
What can you say about their temperatures after several minutes of contact?
54. Temperature is proportional to the average kinetic energy of particles in an object. Thus an increase
in temperature results in a(n)
a. increase in mass
c. increase in average kinetic energy
b. decrease in average kinetic energy
d. decrease in mass
Chapter 14- Waves
Pages covered- 454-456 and 461-475
Vocabulary- wave medium mechanical wave electromagnetic wave transverse wave
longitudinal wave crest trough amplitude wavelength period frequency Doppler effect
reflection refraction diffraction interference constructive interference destructive interference
55. Name the one kind of wave that does not require a medium.
56. Explain the difference between transverse and longitudinal waves. Give an example of each.
57. Label the wave below with the location of the: crest, trough, amplitude, and wavelength.
58. How are compressions, rarefactions, troughs, and crests related?
59. Calculate the speed of an ocean wave with a wavelength of 15m and a frequency of .1Hz.
60. The speed of sound in air is about 340m/s. What is the wavelength of sound waves produced by a
guitar string vibrating at 440Hz?
61. Explain the difference between constructive and destructive interference.
Chapter 15- Sound and Light
Pages covered- 499-507 and 512-513
Vocabulary- photon electromagnetic spectrum light ray reflection refraction
62. List the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum in order from longest to shortest wavelength. Give an
example of each.
63. Determine which band of the electromagnetic spectrum has the following:
a. lowest frequency
b. greatest energy
c. shortest wavelength
d. least energy
64. Explain the law of reflection using words and a picture.
65. Explain the difference between reflection and refraction in terms of the medium.
Chapter 16- Electricity
Pages covered- 530-546 and 549
Vocabulary- electric charge electrical conductor electrical insulator electric force electric field
static electricity potential difference current resistance circuit series circuit parallel circuit
66. What is the first law of electrostatics?
67. What is another name for potential difference?
68. What is the difference between a parallel and series circuit? Explain.
69. An electric train has 45ohms of resistance with a voltage of 120V. What is the current in the circuit?
70. An electric shaver has a power of 500w. If the device is operating on 120V, what is the current?
71. A toaster offers 20ohms of resistance with a voltage of 120V. What is the current in the circuit?
72. A hairdryer is rated to have 25000w of power. If 120V pass though it, what is the resistance?
Chapter 17- Magnetism
Pages covered- 564-570, bottom 571-574, 576-578, 580-582
Vocabulary- magnetic pole magnetic field solenoid electromagnet galvanometer electric motor
electromagnetic induction generator alternating current transformer
73. What is a magnetic domain?
74. What is the relationship between a magnetic field and an electric current?
75. List three things that can cause a magnet to lose its magnetism.
76. Give examples of objects run by induced currents.
77. A ______ magnetic field produces an electric current.
78. A coil of wire with a magnetic material in side of it is called a(n) ____________.
79. The area of a magnetic material where the individual atoms line up is called the __________________
80. The region in which magnetic forces act is called the
a. magnetic domain
b. magnetic field
c. magnetosphere
d. magnetic pole
Chapter 21- Planet Earth
Pages covered- 700-709, 714, and 716-717
Vocabulary- crust mantle core lithosphere plate tectonics magma subduction fault
81. Describe how the gap is filled when two tectonic plates move away from each other.
82. Determine whether each of the following is likely to occur at convergent or divergent boundaries
a. rift valley
b. continental mountains
c. mid-oceanic ridge
d. ocean trench
83. Explain how magnetic bands provide evidence that tectonic plates are moving apart at mid-oceanic
ridges.
84. Explain the difference between convergent and divergent boundaries.
85. Identify whether volcanoes are likely to form at the following locations:
a. hot spot
b. transform fault boundary
c. divergent plate boundary d. convergent boundary between continental and oceanic plates