Download chapter 22 guided notes: the evidence for evolution

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AP BIOLOGY • BIOCHEMISTRY MULTIPLE CHOICE EXAM
1. Which of the following is an example of a hydrogen bond? (90:09)
A. The peptide bond between amino acids in a protein
B. The bond between an oxygen atom and a hydrogen in the carboxyl group of a fatty acid.
C. The bond between Na+ and Cl- in salt
D. The attraction between a hydrogen of one water molecule and the oxygen of another
water molecule.
E. The bond between carbon and hydrogen in methane
2. The nitrogenous base, adenine, is found in which three of the following (90:11)
A. Proteins, chlorophyll, and vitamin A
B. Protein, ATP, and DNA
C. ATP, DNA, and RNA
D. Chlorophyll, ATP, and DNA
E. Proteins, carbohydrates, and ATP
3. A feature of organic compounds NOT found in inorganic compounds is the presence of
(94:10)
A. ionizing chemical groups
B. electrons
C. carbon atoms covalently bonded to each other
D. oxygen
E. hydrogen bonds
4. Which of the following is a correct statement about the relationship between pH and the
hydrogen-ion concentration of a solution? (94:57)
A. there are no hydrogen ions present in a solution with a basic pH
B. there are no hydrogen ions present in a solution with a neutral pH of 7.0
C. the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution with a pH of 7.0 is 100 times as great as
that in a solution with a pH of 9.0
D. the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution with a pH of 5.0 is twice as great as that
in a solution with a pH of 3.0
E. the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution with a pH of 4.0 is 400 times as great as
that in a solution with a pH of 1.0
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5. Which of the following pairs of functional groups characterizes the structure of an amino
acid? (99:19)
6. The bonding of two amino acid molecules to form a larger molecule requires
A. the release of a water molecule
B. the release of a carbon dioxide molecule
C. the addition of a nitrogen atom
D. the addition of a water molecule
E. an increase in activation energy
7. Animals produce most of their nitrogen-containing wastes during (90:42 modified)
A. protein digestion
B. carbohydrate digestion
C. lipid digestion
D. glycogen synthesis
E. production of chemiosmotic gradients
8. Which of the following is the most abundant carbon-containing compound in the atmosphere
of the Earth? (94:01)
A. carbon monoxide
B. carbon dioxide
C. carbon tetrachloride
D. ethane
E. ozone
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9. Which of the following carbon compounds is standardly utilized as an energy source by
heterotrophs? (90:36 modified)
A. calcium carbonate
B. carbonic acid
C. organic molecules
D. carbon dioxide
E. carbon monoxide
10. Which of the following is responsible for the cohesive property of water?
A. Hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atoms of two adjacent water molecules
B. Covalent bonds between the hydrogen atoms of two adjacent water molecules
C. Hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atom of one water molecule and a hydrogen atom
of another water molecule
D. Covalent bonds between the oxygen atom of one water molecule and a hydrogen atom
of another water molecule
E. Hydrogen bonds between water molecules and other types of molecules
Directions: Each group of questions in this section consists of five lettered choices followed by
a list of numbered phrases or sentences. For each numbered phrase or sentence select the one
heading that is most closely related to it and fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet.
Each lettered choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all in each group.
For questions 11–14, refer to the following list of biomolecules.
A. Proteins
B. Carbohydrates
C. Nucleic acids
D Lipids
E Steroids
11. Includes molecules that function as cellular signals, receptors, enzymes, transporters, and
carriers [A]
12. Includes glycogen, chitin, cellulose, and glucose [B]
13. Used for insulation and buoyancy in marine Arctic animals [D]
14. Used to carry the genetic code [C]
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For questions 15–19, refer to the following list of biomolecules. (90:77.78 modified)
A. Glucose
B. Glycerol
C. Glycogen
D. Glucagon
E. Guanine
15. A nitrogen base of nucleic acids [E]
16. Essential for the synthesis of fats [B]
17. A storage form of carbohydrate in muscle [C]
18. A monosaccharide [A]
19. A purine [E]
For questions 20–24, refer to the following list of biomolecules. (94:86.90 modified)
A. Glycocalyx
B. Cholesterol
C. Triglyceride
D. Phospholipid
E. Protein
20. Carbohydrate-containing layer coating the surface of the cell membrane [A] (94:86)
21. The major component of the bilayer of a cell membrane [D] (94:87)
22. Structural molecule that enables muscle contraction [E] (94:88 modified)
23. Steroid affecting the fluidity of the plasma membrane [B] (94:89)
24. Pepsin, digestive enzyme produced in mammalian stomachs [E] (94:90)
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For questions 25–28, refer to the following diagrams of organic molecules. (94:82.85)
25. This molecule is a large protein that uses iron to transport oxygen. [A] (94:82)
26. Starch is a polymer of this molecule.[B] (94:83)
27. This sterol is found in cell membranes and is associated with atherosclerosis.[D] (94:84)
28. This molecule could result from the hydrolysis of a protein.[E] (94:85)
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For questions 29–33, refer to the following diagram of an organic molecule. (94:91.95)
29. A chemical group that, together with a sugar and a nitrogen base, makes up a nucleotide [B]
30. A hydrogen bond [E] (94:92)
31. A pyrimidine [D] (94:93)
32. A 5’ carbon of deoxyribose [C] (94:94)
33. Most likely to be broken during replication [E] (94:95)
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