Download Name Date Period Chapter 8 Study Guide ____ The Missouri crisis

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Chapter 8 Study Guide
____ The Missouri crisis stood in sharp contrast to the general tome of the nation at the time
because
A) it resulted in a compromise between slave and free interests at a time when these powers were
locked in permanent conflict
B) it went against the general feelings of unity and nationalism prevalent in the nation at the time
C) it represented a significant bump in the otherwise smooth process of western settlement
D) it led to calls for colonization of slaves at a time when support for emancipation was growing
quickly
____ The Second National Bank of the United States
A) forbid state banks from issuing currency
B) could not gain control of the industry away from state banks
C) was essentially the same institution supported by Alexander Hamilton a generation before
D) encountered strong opposition to its charter in Congress
____ Which of the following did not occur after the War of 1812
A) Commerce revived and expanded
B) An economic boom was followed by a disastrous bust
C) All banking was left to the states
D) Westward expansion accelerated dramatically
____ After peace was restored, “infant industries” that prospered during the war
A) were string enough to withstand British competition
B) expanded into foreign markets
C) were competitive with foreign
D) demanded that the government protect them from foreign competition
____ After the war, the nation’s most pressing economic need was
A) access to foreign markets that were not open to our commerce
B) a trained labor force to work in complex industries
C) a transportation system that would provide manufacturers access to raw materials and markets
D) a system by which worn-out soil could be reclaimed
____ The Second Bank of the United States could deal with the nation’s currency problem by
A) prohibiting state banks from issuing notes
B) using its size and power to control state banks to issue sound notes or go out of business
C) using only gold and silver as currency
D) dealing only with major land speculators
____ According to “nationalists” in the government, “internal improvements” should be financed
by
A) a series of local, internal improvement taxes
B) the national government
C) the states in which the “improvements” are made
D) private investment
____ The American “mountain men”
A) refused to consort with Mexican or Indian women
B) were closely tied to the expanding market economy of the United States
C) generally got to keep the bulk of their profits
D) established towns and villages to escape the isolation of the frontier
____ The administration of President James Monroe was called the “Era of Good Feelings”
because
A) it was a time of few factional disputes and partisan divisions
B) there were no economic depressions
C) most Americans were content to remain where they were
D) the national bank successfully managed the economy
____ The addition of Florida to the nation was due largely to
A) the military actions of Andrew Jackson within the territory
B) the Missouri Compromise
C) the American cession of California to Spain
D) the debts of the Spanish government
____ Which of the following was NOT a reason for the “great migration” westward
A) An increased population
B) The end of Indian opposition to expansion
C) The government “factor” system
D) A shift from farming to industry in the West
E) All of the above
____ The Black Belt was
A) the area where most blacks were settled
A) an area of dark, rotted limestone soil that was excellent for cotton
C) a burned-over region in upstate New York
D) the dark swamps of southern Georgia and northern Florida
____ In the American mind of the 1820s the far west was seen as
A) a great desert
B) a wooded region like the Northeast
C) a paradise on earth
D) rich farmland ready to be settled
____ The Panic of 1819
A) brought a halt to western expansion for decades
B) convinced the West that eh national bank was a sound institution
C) did little to change American attitudes towards growth
D) removed the national bank as a political issue
____ The Missouri crisis, which was settled by a compromise in 1820, was significant because it
was a sign of sectional crisis and because it
A) revealed how strong pro-slavery attitudes were
B) revealed how deep anti-slavery attitudes were
C) stood in such sharp contrast to the rising American nationalism of the 1820s
D) involved most of the major politicians of the day
____ John Marshall’s influence on the Supreme Court was so great that he
A) was able to get whomever he wanted appointed to the bench
B) more than anyone other than the framers themselves, molded the development of the
Constitution
C) was able to ignore the other justices
D) could singlehandedly overturn acts of Congress
____ The lasting significance of Gibbons v. Ogden was that it
A) opened the way for steamboat travel on the Mississippi
B) confirmed the state’s right to regulate commerce
C) made peace between the court and the Adams administration
D) freed transportation systems from restraints by the states
____ The Decisions of the Marshall Court
A) established the primacy of the federal government in regulating the economy
B) gave strength to the doctrine of state’s rights
C) destroyed what was left of Hamiltonian federalism
D) opened the way for an increased federal role in promoting economic growth
E) achieved A and B
F) achieved B and C
____ In its rulings concerning the Indian tribes, the Marshall Court held that
A) the national government, not the states, had authority
B) Indians were citizens like everyone else
C) Indians had the same status as slaves
D) tribal lands belong to the states
____ The Monroe Doctrine
A) allowed the United States to invade Latin American countries
B) established American preeminence if the Western hemisphere
C) was completely divorced from American foreign policies in Europe
D) had nothing to do with American domestic policies
_____ The charge of the “corrupt bargain” was raised when
A) Clay supported Adams for the presidency and was appointed secretary of state
B) Jackson promised to reward his supporters if he won
C) Adams won with the support of southern planters
D) the Republican caucus threw its support to Adams
____ Adams’s nationalistic program, which was a lot like Clay’s American System, was not
funded because
A) the nation could not afford it
B) business opposed it
C) western interests opposed it
D) Jackson’s supporters in Congress voted against it
____ In his victory in 1828, Jackson drew his greatest support from the
A) South and the West
B) New England region and the Southeast
C) Middle Atlantic states and the old Northwest
D) South and the Middle Atlantic states
____ The Era of Good Feelings was sharply disrupted by
A) the bitter political battles over the tariff of 1816
B) the rise of international tensions with Britain
C) the panic of 1819 and the battle over slavery in Missouri
D) the hasty presidential campaign of 1820
____ The new nationalistic feeling right after the War of 1812 was evident in all of the following
except
A) the development of a distinctive national literature
B) an increased emphasis on economic independence
C) the addition of significant new territory to the United States
D) a new pride in the American army and navy
____ Besides admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, the Missouri
Compromise provided that
A) slavery would not be permitted anywhere in the Louisiana Purchase territory north of the
southern boundary of Missouri, except Missouri itself
B) the number of proslavery and antislavery members of the House of Representatives would be
kept permanently equal
C) the international slave trade would be permanently ended
D) slavery would be gradually ended in the District of Columbia
____ Andrew Jackson’s invasion of Florida led to permanent acquisition of that territory after
A) President Monroe ordered him to seize all Spanish military posts in the area
B) the United States declared its rights under the Monroe Doctrine
C) the American desire to gain new territory in the Caribbean and Central America
D) Secretary of State Adams pressured Spain to cede the area to the United States
____ The original impetus or declaring the Monroe Doctrine came from
A) a British proposal that America join Britain in guaranteeing the independence of the Latin
American republics
B) the growing British threat to intervene in Latin America
C) the American desire to gain new territory in the Caribbean and Central America
D) a Russian plan to expand from Alaska into western Canada and Oregon
____ As proclaimed by Monroe in his message of 1823, the Monroe Doctrine asserted that
A) only the United States had a right to intervene to promote democracy in Latin America
B) the British and Americans would act together to prevent further Russian expansion on the
Pacific Coast
C) the United States would not tolerate further European intervention or colonization in the
Americas
D) the United States would support the Greeks in their fight for independence against Turkey
____ The immediate effect of the Monroe Doctrine at the time it was issued was
A) a rise in tension between the united States and the major European powers
B) very little
C) a close alliance between the United States and the Latin American republics
D) a series of clashes between the American and British navies
____ The Jacksonian charge of a “corrupt bargain” to gain John Quincy Adams the presidency
arose because
A) William Crawford threw his electoral votes to Adams in exchange for a seat in the Senate
B) Adams was charged with having bribed members of the House to vote for him
C) Adams ended his previous opposition to Clay’s American System
D) Clay was named secretary of state after throwing his support to Adams
____ Which of the following was not among the factors that made John Quincy Adams’s
presidency a political failure?
A) Adams’s anti-western land and Indian policies
B) Adams’s involvement with correct machine deals and politicians
C) Adams’s stubborn and prickly personality
D) Adams’s support for national roads, and national university, and an astronomical observatory
____ In the battle over the “Tariff of Abominations,”
A) New England backed high tariffs while the South demanded lower duties
B) both New England and the South opposed the higher tariff rates
C) the South fought for higher tariffs while the West sought lower rates
D) the South backed higher tariffs while New England sought lower rates
____ Under the surface of the South’s strong opposition to the “Tariff of Abominations” was
A) a desire to develop its own textile industry
B) competition between southern cotton growers and Midwestern grain farmers
C) a strong preference for British manufactured goods over American-produced goods
D) a fear of growing federal power that might interfere with slavery
PUTTING THINGS IN ORDER
____ A battle over extending slavery finally results in two new states and an agreement on how
to handle slavery in the territories.
____ A major water route is completed across New York State
____ Infant American manufactures successfully press Congress to raise barriers against
foreign imports
____ Rather than follow a British diplomatic lead, President Monroe and Secretary Adams
announce a bold new policy for the Western Hemisphere
____ Spain ceded Florida to the United States
____ An unpopular war ends in an ambivalent compromise that settles none of the key
contested issues
IDENTIFICATION
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
1. Henry Clay’s ambitious nationalistic proposal for tariffs, internal
improvements, and expanding manufacturing
Somewhat inappropriate term applied to the Monroe administrations,
suggesting that this period lacked major conflicts
Once-prominent political party that effectively died by 1820
_______________
Major water transportation route financed and built by New York State
after President Madison vetoed federal funding
Line designated as the future boundary between free and slave territories
under the Missouri Compromise
Supreme Court ruling that defended federal power by denying a state the
right to tax a federal bank
Supreme Court case in which Daniel Webster successfully argued that a
state could not change a legal charter once granted
Territory occupied jointly by Britain and the United States under the
Treaty of 1818
A presidential foreign-policy proclamation that might well have been
called the “Adams Doctrine” or the “Self-Defense Doctrine”
Contemptuous Jacksonian term for the alleged political deal by which
Clay threw his support to Adams in exchange for a high cabinet office
Office to which President Adams appointed Henry Clay
_______________
Scornful southern term for the high Tariff of 1828
_______________
The popular idea that public offices should be handed out on the basis of
political support rather than special qualifications
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
MATCHING PEOPLE, PLACES, and EVENTS
_____ Stephen Decatur
_____ Treaty of Ghent
_____ Rush-Bagot agreement
_____ Hartford Convention
_____ Henry Clay
_____ James Monroe
_____ Panic of 1819
_____ Missouri Compromise
_____ John Marshall
_____ John Quincy Adams
_____ Florida
_____ Andrew Jackson
_____ George Canning
_____ Latin America
_____ Tsar Alexander I
A. Admitted one slave and one free state to the Union, and
fixed the boundary between slave and free territories.
B. Military commander who exceeded his government’s
instructions during an invasion of Spanish territory
C. British foreign secretary who tried to get Americans to join
him in warning other European nations out of Latin America
D. Aristocratic Federalist jurist whose rulings bolstered
national power against the states
E. Eloquent spokesman for the “American System” and key
architect of the Missouri Compromise
F. Nationalistic secretary of state who promoted American
interests against Spain and Britain
G. Area where vulnerable new republics tempted European
monarchies to intervene
H. American naval hero of the War of 1812 who said, “… our
country, right or wrong!”
I. First severe depression since 1790
J. Territory ceded by Spain after Americans invaded and
applied diplomatic pressure
K. Gathering of antiwar delegates in New England that ended
up being accused of treason
L. President whose personal popularity contributed to the Era
of Good Feelings
M. Agreement that simply stopped fighting and left most of
the war issues unresolved
N. 1817 agreement that limited American and British naval
forces on the Great Lakes
O. Russian ruler whose mediation proposal led to negotiations
ending the War of 1812
MATCHING CAUSE AND EFFECT
CAUSE
____ American lack of military preparation
and poor strategy
____ Oliver H. Perry’s and Thomas
Macdonough’s naval successes
____ Tsar Alexander I’s mediation proposal
____ The Hartford Convention
____ Canadians’ successful defense of their
homeland in the War of 1812
____ The Rush-Bagot agreement
____ The rising nationalistic economic spirit
after the War of 1812
____ The disappearance of the Federalists and
President Monroe’s appeals to New England
____ Over speculation in western lands
____ The deadlock between North and South
over the future of slavery in Missouri
____ The Missouri Compromise
____ John Marshall’s Supreme Court rulings
____ The rise of European reactionary powers
and the loss of Spain’s colonial empire
____ The Monroe Doctrine
EFFECT
A. Inspired a new sense of Canadian
nationalism
B. Contributed to the death of the Federalist
party and the impression that New Englanders
were disloyal
C. Produced a series of badly failed attempts to
conquer Canada
D. Reduced armaments along the border
between the United States and Canada and laid
the groundwork for “the longest unfortified
boundary in the world”
E. Caused the economy to collapse in the panic
of 1819
F. Angered Britain and other European nations
but had little effect in Latin America
G. Fueled demands in Congress for
transportation improvements and the removal
of the native Americans
H. Upheld the power of the federal government
against the states
I. Created a temporary one-party system and an
“Era of Good Feelings”
J. Produced the Missouri Compromise, which
admitted two states and drew a line between
slave and free territories
K. Aroused American and British fears of
European intervention in Latin America
L. Aroused southern fears for the long-term
future of slavery
M. Inspired a new bank of the United States
and the protectionist Tariff of 1816
N. Eventually led to the beginning of peace
negotiations at Ghent
O. Reversed a string of American defeats and
prevented a British-Canadian invasion from the
north