Download EOC Practice Test

EOC Practice Test (A)
1. Which of these is the greatest threat to plant species?
a. Habitat destruction
b. Lack of pollinators
c. Lack of nitrogen compounds
d. Misunderstanding of plant life cycles
2. Which of these orders organisms from those with the greatest amount of energy
available to them to those with the least amount of energy available to them?
a. Secondary consumer, primary consumer, producer
b. Producer, secondary consumer, primary consumer
c. Primary consumer, secondary consumer, producer
d. Producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer
3. In addition to mutation, what is the basic source of genetic variation in a species
that reproduces sexually?
a. Adaptation
b. Mitosis
c. Recombination
d. Competition
4. During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the Hessian fly repeatedly
wiped out wheat crops in the United States. Eventually, scientists developed a
strain of wheat that produces a toxin that repels the Hessian fly. What mostly
likely happened to the Hessian fly population after farmers began growing the
new strain of wheat?
a. The Hessian fly population went extinct
b. A new species evolved out of the Hessian fly population
c. A trait for toxin resistance eventually spread through the Hessian fly
population
d. The Hessian fly population fell swiftly and stayed low
5. Which of these is the end product of the transcription and translation processes?
a. Carbohydrates
b. Nucleic acids
c. Phospholipids
d. Proteins
6. A student removes an algae cell from its marine environment and puts it into a
sample of freshwater. What effect will this have on the algae cell?
a. The cell will swell
b. The cell will shrink
c. The cell will stay the same
d. The cell will disintegrated
7. In an ecosystem, photosynthetic autotrophs take energy from the Sun and use it to
produce carbohydrates. At which level of organization is solar energy used to
produce carbohydrates?
a. Populations
b. Organism
c. Cells
d. Nuclei
8. In the western red lily, Lilium philadelphicum, mitosis produces 24 chromosomes
in each daughter cell. How many chromosomes does meiosis produce in each
gamete cell of the western red lily?
a. 6
b. 12
c. 24
d. 48
9. Which statement best summarizes the function of DNA?
a. A single DNA molecule splits into two DNA molecules
b. Covalent bonds join smaller molecules into proteins
c. An RNA sequence hooks up with a particular DNA sequence
d. DNA consists of genes that give instructions for making proteins
10. Which of these processes do mitochondria perform?
a. Respiration
b. Digestion
c. Nitrogen fixation
d. Photosynthesis
11. All of these processes release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere except for
which one?
a. Nitrogen fixation
b. The decomposition of animals
c. Cellular respiration in animals
d. Burning of fossil fuels
12. Which of these is not a symbiotic relationship?
a. Hummingbird and tulip
b. Wolf and rabbit
c. Tick and dog
d. Bacteria and legumes
13. Plasma membranes are made of molecules that are hydrophobic at one end and
hydrophilic at the other. What are these molecules called?
a. Amino acids
b. Nucleotides
c. Carbohydrates
d. Phospholipids
14. A scientist observes a freshwater community in which bass and walleye consume
only perch minnows. If the number of bass decreases, which of these is the most
likely to happen first?
a. The walleye population will decrease
b. The perch minnow population will increase
c. The walleye population will increase
d. The perch minnow population will decrease
15. What is the range of this data set? (12.05, 31.80, 28.71, 0.96, 15.25, 3.62, 31.80)
a. 17.74
b. 30.84
c. 31.90
d. 32.76
16. Eloise designed an experiment to determine whether the enzyme amylase is best
at breaking down proteins, carbohydrates, or lipids. The steps for the experiment
are show below but are out of order.
a. Place the test tubes aside for 2 days, and then examine any changes to
each piece of food.
b. Put 5g of cooked egg white in test tube A, 5g of potato in test tube B, and
5g of beef fat in test tube C.
c. Using an eyedropper, introduce 10 ml of 1% amylase solution to each test
tube. Lightly shake each tube so the solution completely surrounds each
piece of food.
d. With a glass-marking pencil, label test tubes, A, B, and C. Record which
type of food will be placed into each tube.
In which order should Eloise perform these steps?
a.) 4, 2, 3, 1
b.) 4, 3, 2, 1
c.) 1, 2, 3, 4
d.) 2, 3, 4, 1
17. Which statement describes a relationship between photosynthesis and cellular
respiration?
a. Animals use both photosynthesis and cellular respiration to produce energy for
their life process
b. The reactants of photosynthesis are the products of cellular respiration
c. Photosynthesis is performed only by plants, and cellular respiration is
performed only be animals
d. The waste product of photosynthesis is carbon dioxide, and the waste product
of cellular respiration is oxygen
18. Which of these is not a function of proteins in the structure and function of cells?
a. contain instructions for replication
b. provide structure for cells
c. act as enzymes to catalyze reactions
d. repair of organelles
19. Which example best shows structural adaptation to environmental change?
a. With no natural predators, the rabbit population in Australia explodes
b. As apes are endangered by the habitat loss, people organize to save ape habitats
c. As food sources decline, the males of bonobo population become aggressive
toward each other
d. As factory smoke blackens tree trunks, the percent of darker organisms in a tree
dwelling pepper moth population increases
20. Which of these substances is not used in either respiration or photosynthesis?
a. carbon dioxide
b. nitrogen
c. water
d. glucose
21. Color blindness is a sex linked trait. A women who is heterozygous for color
blindness(XB Xb) marries a man with normal vision. What can they expect of
their offspring
a. All of their male offspring will be color-blind
b. All of their female offspring will be color-blind
c. None of their female offspring will be color-blind
d. None of their male offspring will be color-blind
22. Production factory is to ribosome as distribution warehouse is to what organelle?
a. Mitochondria
b. Lysosome
c. Peroxisome
d. Golgi apparatus
23. Dean is conducting an experiment with corn plants. He performs the following
steps:




He puts one corn seed into each of four separate pots.
He puts a large paper cup over each pot.
He punches one hole in the bottom of each cup. Each hole is a different
size.
Each day, he removes the paper cups, waters the plants equally, observes
the seedlings, and records his observations.
Which question about plant growth was Dean MOST LIKELY investigating?
a. How does the amount of light affect plant growth?
b. How does the amount of fertilizer affect plant growth?
c. How does the amount of water affect plant growth?
d. How does the size of the pot affect plant growth?
24. Ellie is experimenting with breeding a species of mouse. These mice can have either
brown coats or white coats. Ellie hypothesizes that the brown coat color is dominant over
the white coat color. Which of these results would lead Ellie to reject this hypothesis?
a. Two white mice mate and 25% of their offspring are brown.
b. Two brown mice mate and 25% of their offspring are white.
c. A white mouse and a brown mouse mate and 0% of their offspring are white.
d. A brown mouse and a white mouse mate and 50% of their offspring are white.
25. Which of the following is a question that can be answered through scientific
investigation?
a. Are any organelles common to both the most simple and most complex
eukaryotes?
b. Which species in the kingdom Animalia is the most interesting?
c. Why should people care about biodiversity?
d. Will nuclear power or wind power ever have the social acceptance necessary to
replace fossil fuels?
26. A student is measuring the effect of temperature on the rate of an enzyme reaction. In
an experiment, she will put equal-sized pieces of cow liver into test tubes, chill each
piece of liver to a different temperature, introduce equal amounts of the enzyme to each
test tube, and then measure how long the reaction takes to run its course. Which
instruments should the student use in this experiment?
a. microscope, metric ruler
b. thermometer, stopwatch
c. stopwatch, digital balance
d. metric ruler, graduated cylinder
27. Which of these structures controls the materials that enter and leave a cell?
a. cell membrane
b. mitochondria
c. cell wall
d. cytoplasm
28. Which statement helps to explain the variety of heritable characteristics from a single
set of parents?
a. The genetic code is not specific.
b. Genes usually change after fertilization.
c. Sex cell genes are unrelated to those in body cells.
d. Portions of each parent’s genes combine at fertilization.
29. Scientists studied a bison population for three decades. The mortality and natality
rates of the population stayed fairly constant throughout that time.
What MOST LIKELY happened between 1975 and 1985?
a. The immigration rate was greater than the emigration rate.
b. The emigration rate was greater than the immigration rate.
c. The rate of immigration and emigration were equal.
d. The emigration rate fell and the immigration rate rose.
30. How do DNA molecules determine an individual’s phenotype?
a. DNA molecules are found in the nucleus.
b. DNA molecules replication during mitosis.
c. DNA molecules release energy to support the cell.
d. DNA molecules provide instructions for building an organism’s structure.
31. Using the Punnett square below, create a monohybrid cross between a purpleblooming pea plant that is heterozygous for flower color and a white-blooming pea plant
(homozygous recessive).
32. Using the monohybrid cross you just created, what percentage of pea plants would
you expect to have white flowers?
33. Using the Punnett square below, create a monohybrid cross between a purpleblooming pea plant that is homozygous dominant for flower color and a white-blooming
pea plant (homozygous recessive).
34. Using the monohybrid cross you just created, what percentage of pea plants would
you expect to have white flowers?
35. Write a conclusion that interprets the data regarding which of the four original parent
plants (W, X, Y, and Z) are heterozygous or homozygous dominant for flower color.
36. The following graph show the reaction rates of a chemical reaction with and without a
certain enzyme.
Which of these best describes the effect of the enzyme on the chemical reaction?
a. It caused different products to form.
b. It increased the effects of the reaction
c. It allowed the reaction to release more energy into the system
d. It reduced the energy needed to complete the reaction
37. Food webs show how energy passes through a community. Which organism receives
the least amount of energy from the algae?
a.
b.
c.
d.
alligator
alligator snapping turtle
chicken turtle
crawfish
38. The laboratory equipment shown below should be used for
a.
b.
c.
d.
mixing liquids
boiling liquids
storing liquids
measuring liquids
39. For a lab activity, a group of high school students studied the population growth of
two species of protest. They filled three identical beakers with equal amounts of water.
Each container had equal amounts of food for the protests
 Beaker 1 held only species A
 Beaker 2 held only species B
 Beaker 3 held both species A and B
The students estimated the number of individuals of both species A and B after 4, 8, and
12 days. Their results are shown below.
Which of these conclusions best interprets the data?
a. Species A reproduces far more quickly than does species B.
b. Species B is a predator of species A.
c. Species A can outcompete species B for food.
d. Species A and B both benefit from each other’s presence.