Download Everybody, Somebody, Anybody, Nobody

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เอกสารประกอบการบรรยายเรื่ อง
Knowing English
ตอนที่ 1
Parts of Speech ( หน้ าที่ของคา )
Parts of Speech Table
function / “job”
part of speech
verb
Action or state
Noun
Thing or person
Adjective
describes a noun
Adverb
describes a verb,
adjective or adverb
Pronoun
replaces a noun
Preposition
links a noun to
another word
joins clauses or
sentences or words
Conjunction
Interjection
short exclamation,
sometimes inserted
into a sentence
example words
example sentences
( to ) be, have, do,
like, work, sing,
can, must
pen, dog, music,
work, town, Paris,
teacher, John
a/an, the, 89, some,
good, big, red, well,
interesting
quickly, silently,
well, badly, very,
really
EnglishClub.com is a
web site. I like
EnglishClub.com.
This is my dog. He
lives in my house.
We live in Paris.
My dog is big.
I like big dogs.
I, you, he, she,
Some
to, at, after, on,
but
and, but, when
Oh!, ouch!, hi!,
well
My dog eats quickly.
When he is very
hungry, he eats really
quickly.
Tata is Thai. She is
beautiful.
We went to school on
Monday.
I like dogs and I like
cats. I like cats and
dogs. I like dogs but I
don’t like cats.
Ouch! That hurts! Hi!
How are you? Well, I
don’t know.
Parts of Speech Examples
Here are some sentences made with different English parts of speech:
pronoun
noun
preposition
adjective
noun
adverb
She
ran
to
the
station
quickly.
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pronoun
verb
adjective
noun
conjunction
pronoun
verb
pronoun
She
likes
big
dogs
but
I
hate
them.
Here is a sentence that contains every part of speech.
interjection
pron.
conj.
adj.
noun
verb
prep.
noun
adv.
Well,
she
and
young
John
walk
to
school
slowly.
Assignments.
We
We
live
went
in
to
school
London.
on
Monday.
Words with More than One Job
Many words in English can have more than one job, or be more than one part of speech.
For example, “work” can be a verb and a noun; “but” can be a conjunction and a
preposition; “well” can be an adjective, an adverb and an interjection. In addition,
many nouns can act as adjectives.
To analyze the part of speech, ask yourself: “What job is this word doing in this
sentence?”
In the table below you can see a few examples. Of course, there are more, even for
some of the words in the table. In fact, if you look in a good dictionary you will see
that the word but has six jobs to do:

verb, noun, adverb, pronoun, preposition and conjunction!
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word
work
but
well
afternoon
part of speech
noun
verb
conjunction
preposition
adjective
adverb
interjection
noun
noun acting as adjective
example
My work is easy.
I work in London
John came but Mary didn’t come.
Everyone came but Mary.
Are you well?
She speaks well.
Well! That’s expensive!
We ate in the afternoon.
We had afternoon tea.
Interjections
Hi! That's an interjection. :-)
Interjection is a big name for a little
Interjections like er and um are also known as
word. Interjections are short
"hesitation devices". They are extremely
exclamations like Oh!, Um or
common in English. People use them
Ah! They have no real
when they don't know what to say, or to
grammatical value but we use
indicate that they are thinking about what
them quite often, usually more in
to say. You should learn to recognize them
speaking than in writing. When
when you hear them and realize that they
interjections are inserted into a
have no real meaning.
sentence, they have no
grammatical connection to the sentence. An interjection is sometimes followed by
an exclamation mark (!) when written.
The table below shows some interjections with examples.
interjection
meaning
example
expressing pleasure
"Ah, that feels good."
expressing realization
"Ah, now I understand."
expressing resignation
"Ah well, it can't be helped."
expressing surprise
"Ah! I've won!"
expressing grief or pity
"Alas, she's dead now."
expressing pity
"Oh dear! Does it hurt?"
expressing surprise
"Dear me! That's a surprise!"
ah
alas
dear
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asking for repetition
"It's hot today." "Eh?" "I said it's hot
today."
expressing enquiry
"What do you think of that, eh?"
expressing surprise
"Eh! Really?"
inviting agreement
"Let's go, eh?"
er
expressing hesitation
"Lima is the capital of...er...Peru."
hello,
hullo
expressing greeting
"Hello John. How are you today?"
expressing surprise
"Hello! My car's gone!"
calling attention
"Hey! Look at that!"
expressing surprise, joy etc
"Hey! What a good idea!"
hi
expressing greeting
"Hi! What's new?"
hmm
expressing hesitation, doubt or
disagreement
"Hmm. I'm not so sure."
expressing surprise
"Oh! You're here!"
expressing pain
"Oh! I've got a toothache."
expressing pleading
"Oh, please say 'yes'!"
ouch
expressing pain
"Ouch! That hurts!"
uh
expressing hesitation
"Uh...I don't know the answer to
that."
uh-huh
expressing agreement
"Shall we go?" "Uh-huh."
um, umm
expressing hesitation
"85 divided by 5 is...um...17."
expressing surprise
"Well I never!"
introducing a remark
"Well, what did he say?"
eh
hey
oh, o
well
Pronoun Case
Pronouns (and nouns) in English display "case" according to their function in the
sentence. Their function can be:
 subjective (they act as the subject)
 objective (they act as the object)
 possessive (they show possession of something else)
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The following table shows the different forms for pronouns depending on case.
personal pronouns
objective case
possessive
case
I
me
my, mine
2nd
you
you
your, yours
3rd
he
she
it
him
her
it
his
her, hers
its
1st
we
us
our, ours
2nd
you
you
your, yours
3rd
they
them
their, theirs
who
whom
whose
singular 1st
plural
relative/interrogative
pronouns
subjective case
whoever
whomever
which/that/what which/that/what
indefinite pronouns
everybody
everybody
everybody's
A problem of case: Mary and I or Mary and me?
1. Mary and I are delighted to be here today. (NOT Mary and me)
2. The letter was addressed to Mary and me. (NOT Mary and I)
In 1, Mary and I are subjects, which is why the pronoun takes the subjective case ("I").
In 2, Mary and I are objects, which is why the pronoun takes the objective case
("me"). An easy way to check the correct case is to try the sentence without Mary.
Would you say "I am delighted to be here" or "Me am delighted to be here"? Would
you say "The letter was addressed to me" or "The letter was addressed to I"?
Everybody, Somebody, Anybody, Nobody
That's Not My Job!
This is a story about four people named Everybody, Somebody, Anybody and Nobody.
There was an important job to be done and Everybody was sure that Somebody would
do it. Anybody could have done it, but Nobody did it. Somebody got angry about that,
because it was Everybody's job. Everybody thought Anybody could do it, but Nobody
realized that Everybody wouldn't do it.
It ended up that Everybody blamed Somebody when Nobody did what Anybody could
have done.
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…Word Formation…
( การสร้ างคา )
ความเข้ าใจเรื่ องการสร้ างคาช่วยเรื่ องการทาข้ อสอบคาศัพท์ ซึง่ ประกอบด้ วยหัวข้ อต่อไปนี ้
a. Suffixes
-er, -or, -ness
b. Prefixes in-, ex-, miss
c. Roots รากศัพท์มกั มาจากภาษา ลาติน -spect, -port, -vert
d. Abstract nouns excitement , generosity, wisdom
e. Compound adjectives. air-conditioned,
off-peak,
sugar-free
f. Compound nouns 1 noun + noun
baby-sitter, sunglasses, junk mail
g. Compound noun 2 verb + preposition cutback, turnover, outlook
h. Words from other language
ballerina, yoghurt, judo
i. Abbreviations and acronyms
UN, ID, fridge
j. New words in English
video, jockey, surfing the net, shopaholic
Suffixes คือกลุม่ อักษรทีใ่ ส่เข้ าไปท้ ายคาเพื่อเปลีย่ นหน้ าที่ของคา บางครัง้ เปลีย่ นความหมายด้ วย
a. Common noun suffixes -er ( person ) writer, painter, worker, shopper, teacher
Sometimes written as -or actor, operator, sailor, supervisor
-er or –or used for things ( a particular job ) pencil- sharpener, bottle-opener,
grater, projector
* -er person who does something
employer, sender
-ee person who receives or experiences the action employee, addressee
- (t ) ion / -sion / -ion used to form nouns from verbs complication,
pollution, reduction, alteration, donation, promotion, admission
- ist ( a person )
-ism ( an activity or ideology ) for people’s politics,
beliefs and ideologies
Buddhist, Buddhism, Marxist, typist, physicist, terrorist
* - ist also used for people who play musical instruments pianist, guitarist,
violinist
- ness used to make nouns from adjectives
goodness, readiness,
forgetfulness, happiness
b. Adjective suffixes - able / -ible = can be done
drinkable, washable, readable, forgivable, flexible ( can be bent )
c. Verbs
ise, ( or – ize ) forms verbs from adjectives e.g. modernize ( make
modern ), commercialise, industrialise
d. Other suffixes that can help you to recognize the word- class
- ment : ( nouns ) excitement, enjoyment, replacement
- ity : ( nouns ) flexibility, productivity, scarcity
- hood : ( abstract nouns esp. family term ) childhood, motherhood
- ship : ( abstract nouns esp. status ) friendship, partnership,
membership
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-
ive : ( adjectives ) passive, productive, active
al : ( adjectives ) brutal, legal, refusal( noun ), arrival
ous : ( adjectives ) delicious, outrageous, furious
ful : ( adjectives) forgetful, hopeful, useful
less : ( adjectives ) useless, harmless, homeless
ify : ( verbs ) beautify, purify, terrify
Prefixes ใส่ไว้ หน้ าคาเพื่อเปลีย่ นความหมายของคา
The main prefixes used in English
prefix
meaning
a(i) in a particular way or
condition
(ii) without (note different
pronunciation)
antiAgainst or opposed to
antebefore
autoself
deto reverse, to alter
disto reverse, to remove
downto lower, to reduce
dysnot regular or normal
extrabeyond
half
one of two equal parts
hyper
extreme
hypoless than usual, too little
il-, im-, in-, irnot
interintraintromegamidmisnonoveroutparapostpreproresemi-
between
within
directed within
very bit, important
middle
incorrectly, badly
not
too much
go beyond / exceed
(i) beyond ; (ii) similar or
connected to
after
before
in favour of
again
half
examples
(i) awake, asleep (first syllable
pronounced /ә/
(ii) atypical, amoral (first syllable
pronounced /еI/ )
antibiotic, anticlimax} anti-nuclear
antenatal, antechamber
autobiography, autograph
decommission, deform, destabilize
disarm, disagree, dismantle, disqualify
downsize, downgrade
dyslexia, dysfunctional
extramural, extraordinary, extraterrestrial
halfway, half-moon
hyperactive, hyperinflation
hypothermia, hypotension
illegal, impossible, intolerant,
irresponsible
interactive, intercontinental, international
intra-departmental, intramural
introvert, introspection
megabyte, megastar
midday, mid-September
misinterpret, misunderstand, misinform
non-smoker, non-stick, non-believer
overeat, overindulegent
outdo, outshine, outbid
(i) paranormal ; (ii) paramedic,
paramilitary
post-war, postpone
pre-1990, predetermined, pre-set
pro-Europe, pro-nationalisation
reapply, refocus
semicircle, semiconscious
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subsuperteletransultraunupundervice
Pseudo
under, below, secondary
above, beyond, escessive
at a distance
across
extremely
(i) remove ; (ii) reverse, not
make higher, increase
beneath, less than
deputy
false
subway, subtitle, subzero, subnormal
superstructure, superhero, supersensitive
telecommunication, television, telepathy
transatlantic, transmit
ultralight, ultrasonic
(i) undress, undo; (ii) unhappy, unlucky
upgrade, uplift, upscale
underworld, under-age, underestimate
vice-president, viceroy
Pseudo name
ต่อไปนี ้เป็ นวิธีการเดาคาศัพท์โดยใช้ ความรู้เรื่ อง prefixes และ suffixes ที่พบบ่อยๆ
En สามารถเป็ นได้ ทงั ้ prefix และ suffix
เมื่อเติม en ข้ างหน้ าคาจะมีความหมาว่า make “ทาให้ ...” เติมข้ างท้ ายจะแปลว่า make
แล้ วยังเปลีย่ นคานันไปเป็
้
น verb อีกด้ วย
en + light + en
= make light = ทาให้ เกิดแสงสว่าง
enrich = make rich
ทาให้ ร่ ารวย
enslave = make slave
ทาให้ เป็ นทาส
ensure = make sure
ทาให้ แน่ใจ
sharpen = make sharp
ทาให้ แหลมคม
lengthen = make longer
ทาให้ ยาวขึ ้น
widen = make wider
ทาให้ กว้ างขึ ้น
 ante = before
antedate = ลงวันที่กอ่ นวันจริง
 anti = against
, antechamber = ห้ องทีอ่ ยูข่ ้ างนอกสาหรับนัง่ คอย ,
AmE ออกเสียงว่า “แอ๊ นไถ่” BrE ออกเสียงว่า “แอ๊ นถี่” หมายถึง
ต่อต้ าน
antibacterial = ต่อต้ านเชื ้อแบคทีเรี ย , anticommunist = ต่อต้ านลัทธิคอมมิวนิสต์ , antibody =
ต่อต้ านเชื ้อโรคในร่างกาย, antiseptic = ต่อต้ านเชื ้อโรค ป้องกันการเน่า , antiknock =
น ้ามันกันเครื่ องยนต์กระตุก , anti-aircraft = ปื นต่อสู้อากาศยาน anticlockwise = ทวนเข็มนาฬกิ า ,
คาอื่นๆที่พบบ่อย
 anni / annu = ปี
 aqua = water = น ้า
 sub = under = ใต้
anniversary = ครบรอบปี annual = ประจาปี
aquamarine = น ้าทะเล,
submarine = ใต้ ทะเล,
subconscious = จิตใต้ สานึก
aquarium = พิพิธพันธ์สตั ว์ทะเล
subway = รถไฟใต้ ดิน,
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 astro = star = ดวงดาว astrology = study of star การศึกษาเกี่ยวกับดวงดาว หรือวิชาโหราศาสตร์
astronomy = วิชาดาราศาสตร์ ,

audi = hear = ได้ ยิน, ฟัง
astronaut = นักบินอวกาศ
auditorium = ห้ องประชุม, audio = ฟัง, audible = ฟัง, ได้ ยิน
auditory = โสตประสาท

auto = self = ด้ วยตนเอง autobiography = อัตชีวประวัติ, automotive = เคลื่อนไหวด้ วยเครื่องจักร
automat = เครื่องขายอาหารอัตโนมัติ

de = ออกจาก หรือ หมด ไป detrain = ลงจากรถไฟ , decode= ถอดรหัส, defrost = ละลายน ้าแข็ง

ex = out = ออก

ex = previous = เดิม,ก่อนหน้ านัน้ มักใช้ กบั คนหรือตาแหน่ง, อาชีพ และต้ องเป็ นคนที่ยงั มีชีวิต ,
exit = ทางออก , export = ส่งออก,
ex - president = ประธานาธิบดีคนก่อน , ex – teacher ครูคนก่อน = ,
ex – husband = สามีเก่า, ex – wife = ภรรยาเก่า
Roots
A. Many words are from Latin roots. Here are some examples.
SPECT = see, look
You should respect your parents. respect = look up to
The police suspected he was guilty but they had no proof. suspect = had a feeling
Many pioneers traveled west in America to prospect for gold. prospect = search
VERT = turn
Missionaries went to Africa to convert people to Christianity. (change beliefs)
PRESS = press, push
This weather depresses me. ( make me feel miserable )
POSE, PONE = place, put
The meeting has been postponed until next week. ( changed to a later date )
B.
All the verbs listed, there is at least one noun and adjective as well.
Verb
inspect
advertise
compose
introduce
person noun
adjective
abstract noun
inspector
advertiser
composer
introducer
inspecting
advertising
composite
introductory
inspection
advertisement
composition
introduction
Abstract nouns คำนำมที่จับต้ องไม่ ได้
A. An abstract noun represents an idea, experience or quality rather than an
object that you can touch. For example, happiness, intention, shock.
B. Certain suffixes are used frequently in abstract noun.
The most common are – ment, -ion, -ness.
C. Less common suffixes that form abstract nouns are –ship, -dom, - th and –hood
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Here are some examples:
Apprenticeship
boredom
Ownership
martyrdom
breadth
strength
adulthood
motherhood
D. Many abstract nouns do not use any suffixes at all. Here are some examples.
anger
belief
calm
chance
faith
fear
humour
idea
Compound adjectives คำที่นำมำผสมกันแล้ วใช้ แบบ adjective
a. Written with a hyphen, its meaning is clear from the words it combines.
e.g. well-dressed
never-ending
shocking-pink
b. Describing personal appearance
Tom was a curly-haired, sun-tanned, blue-eyed, rosy-cheeked, thin-lipped,
broad-shouldered, left-handed, slim-hipped, long-legged, flat-footed, young
man, wearing an open-necked shirt, brand- new, tight-fitting jeans and opentoed sandals.
c. Describing a person’s character.
Melissa was absent-minded( forgetful), easy-going( relaxed ), goodtempered ( cheerful), warm-hearted( kind ), and quick- witted( intelligent),if
perhaps a little big-headed( proud of herself),two-faced( hypocritical), selfcentred ( egotistical), and stuck-up( snobbish) at times,
d. Special group has a prep. in its second part.
all-out = หมดแรง ผิดหมด , built-up = กำรสะสม
,
well-off = มั่งคั่ง ,
hard-up = หมดเงิน , worn-out = กร่ อน , run-down = ตำมจนพบ,หมดลำน,เพลีย
e. Compound adjectives+ typical nouns
e.g. air – conditioned rooms
duty – free cigarettes hand – made clothes
bullet – proof windows part – time job world – famous film star
f. You can vary the compound adjectives listed by changing one part of the
adjective
Curly – haired
long – haired
straight – haired
red – haired
First – hand ( knowledge)
first – class ( ticket)
first – born ( child)
Compound nouns คาประสม ( 1 ) เกิดจาก noun + noun
A. A fixed expression, made up of more than one word and function as a noun. =
2 nouns
address book
human being
science fiction
B. Written as 2 words
tin opener , bank account,
baby – sitter
sometimes written in 1 word :
pedestrian crossing,
earring
pen – name ,
trademark
C. Main stress on first part ( sometimes on second part. ) Main stress underlined.
alarm clock
answering machine
blood donor
book token
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bus stop
steering wheel
contact lens
tea-bag
credit card
windscreen wiper
D. Uncount. compound nouns ,
air-traffic control
birth control
computer technology
cotton wool
data-processing
hay fever
income tax
junk food
pocket money
Compound noun : singular only.
arms race
brain drain
generation gap
global warming
mother- tongue
welfare state
Compound noun : plural only
grass roots
human rights
luxury goods
race relations
road works
traffic lights
heart attack
youth hostel
blood pressure
food poisoning
mail order
death penalty
greenhouse effect
kitchen scissors
sunglasses
Compound nouns (2) เกิดจำก verb = preposition
คานามผสมชุดนี ้มีรากฐานมาจาก phrasal verb
walk – out = strike = ประท้ วง , break – down = escape = หนี
break – up = collapse = เลิกล้ ม , ควา่
คานามผสมชุดนี ้เกี่ยวเนื่องกับ technology
input = information that is put in, output = production,
printout = paper on which computer information has been printed
Words from other languages
Words from Greece : drama, hippopotamus, psychology, synonym, theory
Words from German : frankfurter, hamburger, kindergarten, poodle, waltz
Words from Finland: sauna
Words from France: boutique, chauffeur, coup, cliché, cuisine, elite, gateau,
au pair, a la carte,
RSVP = Repondez, s’il vous plait.
Words from Holland: cruise, tattoo, yacht,
Words from Norway: fjord, ski
Words from Spain: embargo, guerrilla, junta, macho, mosquito, patio
Words from Portugal: cobra, dodo, marmalade
Words from Russia: mammoth, tsar, tundra, sputnik
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Abbreviations and acronyms
Read as individual letters.
WHO, ID, BBC, GMO, IRA, UN, PM, MP
NOTE ถ้ ำ abbre. เป็ นคาสาคัญในประโยค ต้ องลงเสียง Stress ที่ last letter
เช่ น She works for the CIA.
I heard it on the BBC.
Acronyms = Some abbreviations are read as words.
NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization
OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
 pronounced as the full words* etc. = et cetera, PTO = please turn over, NB =
nota bene
( by Ms. Rabiab Santatiwongchai, FLD.Samutprakan School)
Self Practice!
Exercise 1:
Add a prefix or suffix from the list to the word in each sentence.
un- , dis- , mis- , in- , im-
a) I didn't read all of the books because I found it... uninteresting.
b) Cycling to school has one ................advantage. It makes you feel hot and sweaty.
c) Paula had a ticket for the theatre, but ............... fortunately she fell ill that night.
d) Terry can't stand waiting in queues, because she is very ................patient.
c) My brothers always ................appear when it's time to do the washing-up.
f) My teacher underlined the word in red because it was .................correct.
g) After Jack lost his job, he was ................employed for three months.
h) I'm sorry, but I completely ..............agree with you. I think it was a great film.
1) Because of a ................understanding half the class went to the wrong classroom.
j) Ann felt really ...............appointed when she didn't get the job.
out- , over- , under- , inter- , re-
a) My alarm clock didn't go off, and so I ....overslept this morning.
b) Peter packed some shirts and socks, some ...............wear, and his jeans.
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c) You have to go to the ...............national airport to catch a plane to the USA.
d) It's very cold this morning, so wear your ...............coat.
e) Helen decided to ...............line all the important words in her French book.
f) Our team was completely ...............played by the team from Wales.
g) I've decided to ...............write my letter, because 1 made too many mistakes.
h) Bill ...............cooked the meat, and it was burnt in places.
i) 1 have to go to the library today and ...............new my ticket.
j) The staff went on strike because they were ...............paid and overworked.
-er , -let , -ess , -hood , -ship , -ful , -ery
a) After two years of friendship........, Kate got to know David really well.
b) If you don't speak the language you feel more like a foreign............ .
c) Sarah spent a very happy child............ on a small island.
d) I asked a steward............ what time the plane arrived, but she didn't know.
e) Every teenage............ knows that parents worry a lot.
f) Don't forget to add a spoon............ of sugar, and some milk.
g) We live in a beautiful neighbour............ on the outskirts of the city.
h) Tina picked up a hand............ of snow, and threw it in my face.
i) Under the floor there was a rumbling sound of machine............ .
j) The college sent Sue a small book............ describing its courses.
-ful , -less , -ly , -like , -y , -ish , -ic , -al , -ous
a) On rainy.... days, we spend a lot of time indoors watching television.
b) The mystery creature has a long snake............ body, and six legs.
c) Paul received most of his music............ education from his mother.
d) The government is going to provide more houses for home............ people.
c) Mary's mother............ qualities made her a favourite with the children.
14
f) This road is extremely danger............ when the weather is bad.
g) We didn't have any difficult............ in finding your house.
h) It was very fool............ of you to leave all the doors and windows open.
i) Everyone thanked the fire-fighters for their hero............ efforts.
j) Lisa's party was the most success............ she had ever had.
Exercise 2:
Complete each sentence with a word made from the word given.
1) It's.......unusually.......cold today, considering it's still summer.
usual
2) Actually I found Tony's book was ..............................interesting.
surprise
3) .............................., my father used to go to school with your father.
interest
4) The police managed ..............................to find the missing children.
success
5) Jean's compositions are always ..............................written.
beautiful
6) I am ..............................ashamed of your behaviour!
thorough
7) This question is ..............................difficult, isn't it!
awful
8) Mike tried ..............................to phone Cathy several times.
success
9) These instructions seem ..............................complicated.
necessary
10) Someone had ..............................left the front door open.
obvious
11) There are over one million .....inhabitant....in this city.
inhabit
12) Greg often suffers from ..............................in the school holidays.
bore
13) This is the tallest ..............................in the whole of the country.
build
14) Some students can't find suitable .............................. .
accommodate
15) I was upset by Carol's ..............................to help me.
refuse
16) It took Tim years to become a successful .............................. .
act
17) Every ..............................in this company has received a pay rise.
employ
18) You need a lot of ..............................to write a good story.
imagine
15
19) Don't forget to turn off the ..............................before you leave.
cook
20) I read an interesting ..............................in the local paper.
advertise
21) I can't sit on this chair. It's really uncomfortable........ .
comfort
22) Ann has left home and is in.............................. of her parents.
depend
23) These old envelopes are re.............................. so we can save money.
use
24) Not being chosen for the team was a great dis.............................. .
appoint
25) Maria and Louis have a really good .............................. .
relate
26) Being un.............................. means that you share with others.
self
27) Not taking exercise is rather un.............................. .
health
28) David has a really un.............................. temper, and gets angry easily.
control
29) These trousers won't get smaller. They're un.............................. .
shrink
30) They didn't give Gary the job as he was in.............................. .
experience
31) Harry asked for a ......receipt..... and the cashier gave him one.
receive
32) Nina wants to be a ..............................and join the government.
politics
33) No one knows the exact ..............................of the water here.
deep
34) You have to have a lot of ..............................to go fishing.
patient
35) ..............................is a serious matter, and you have to think about it.
marry
36) Tom sent in his ..............................for the job the next day.
apply
37) Helen's mind is filled with all kinds of unusual .............................. .
know
38) There was no ..............................for the crash of the airliner.
explain
39) The ..............................of the diamonds baffled the police.
thief
40) Most people have no real ..............................in ghosts.
believe
41) Tina had no ..............................that anything was wrong.
suspect
42) We measured the ..............................of the room with a ruler.
long
43) Our teacher was really .............................. when she found out.
anger
16
44) George won a medal for .............................. .
brave
45) Looking in the mirror too much is an example of .............................. .
vain
46) Do you think you have the ..............................to pass the test?
able
47) Eddie put the ..............................food in the freezer.
freeze
48) Sheila has got the right ..............................for the job.
qualify
49) Nowadays it is very important to get a good .............................. .
educate
50) According to the .............................., the French lesson starts at ten.
time
51) Helen has become a .............................. businesswoman.
succeed
52) Margaret has decided to have a career as a .............................. .
politics
53) Every ..............................in this country has the right to vote.
city
54) Eric studied hard to become a rock .............................. .
guitar
55) After the crash, Carla was the only .............................. .
survive
56) David’s mother is a famous .............................. .
science
57) At nineteen, Tony became a professional .............................. .
crime
58) The ..............................of our plane has been delayed.
depart
59) Jack was my ..............................in the tennis match.
oppose
60) The clerk asked me if I had made a .............................. .
reserve
Prepared by
Kru Panida
17
…Idioms…
Idioms คือกลุม่ คาที่ประกอบกันเป็ นสานวน มีความหมายเฉพาะ ไม่สามารถแปลแยกเป็ นคาๆได้ เช่น
To feel under the weather = to feel unwell
คาแต่ละคาไม่เกี่ยวกับความไม่สบายใจเลย
* ข้ อควรระวังของการใช้ idiom คือ idiom ค่อนข้ าง informal บางครัง้ humorous and ironic
Never use them just to sound ‘ fluent’ or ‘good at English’ In a formal situation with a
person you do not know, don’t say,
‘How do you do, Mrs. Watson. Do take the weight off your feet.’ ( sit down.)
( from English Vocabulary in use by Michael McCarthy & Felicity O’Dell)
Idiom มักสัมพันธ์กบ
ั สิง่ ใกล้ ตวั เช่น
ร่างกาย
give a hand = help someone to do something
heart of gold = very kind, generous
สัตว์
dog days = very hot days
เสื ้อผ้ า
fit like a glove = tight to one body
สี
in the red = in debt
อาหาร
bread and butter = necessities
สิง่ แวดล้ อม
quick as a lightning = very fast
กีฬา
not up to par = not good enough for job / situation
Examples









I can give you a hand when you move if you like.
I sleep in the basement during the dog days of August.
I’ll keep an eye on the dinner when you are on the phone.
Keiko hasn’t worked a day in her life. She was born with a spoon in her mouth.
Wow! Your shower is as quick as a lightning.
If you have studied hard, you will find that the tests are a piece of cake.
It’s time to hit a hay. ( It’s bed time.)
Slowly but surely, I realized the boat was sinking. ( gradually )
I think we should make a move. It’s gone ten o’clock. ( go / leave )
18
Similes (สิ-มิ-ลี ) เป็ น idioms ด้ วยโดยเปรี บยเทียบ as …..as และ like ......ราวกับ......
as blind as a bat =
as heavy as lead / led / =
as quiet as a mouse =
as light as a feather =
as good as gold =
as easy as falling of a log =
as white as snow =
as white as a sheet
sleep like a log
have an eye like a hawk
**** ถ้ าจะอ่านเพิม่ ให้ อา่ นคอลัมน์ Horoscope ในหนังสือพิมพ์ภาษาอังกฤษ ****
Capricon ( 21.12 -19.1 )
Don’t get carry away by promises that won’t be kept. Keep a cool head and take
everything as it comes.
Get carries away = be fooled
keep a cool head = stay calm
*********************
Idioms Quiz
1. If you take a short nap after dinner, you might ……………..
a. be neck and neck
c. get a second wind
b. hit below the belt
d. learn the ropes
2. I’m sorry we couldn’t hire your friend. She just is …….
a. blind sided
c. a front runner
b. no sweat
d. not up to par
3. My face goes __________when I’m embarrassed.
a. green with envy
c. beet red
b. golden
d. silver
4. When you have to blues, you feel_______
a. sick
c. depressed
b. hungry
d. silly
5. Did you want to hear a _______?
a. cheddar
c. cheese
b. cheesy
d. chaser
6. I always feel better after _____
a. an eager beaver
c. a cat nap
b. a beeline
d. a dog house
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7. If you want Lisa to date you, you’re going to have to _____
a. hear it from the horse’s mouth
c. take the bull by the horns
b. kill two birds with one stone
d. get the cat cat’s tongue
8. Business has been going ___ ever since the bad weather started.
a. underwater
c. underground
b. downhill
d. riverside
9. All weekends I like to drink wine and _____.
a. get a head start
c. get off my chest
b. keep an eye on
d. let my hand down
10. I wish I knew his phone number by ____.
a. mind
c. heart
b. nose
d. eyes
**********************
Prepared by
Kru Rabiab
20
...Phrasal or multi-word verbs…
Explanations
Phrasal verbs:
use
The term phrasal verb is used here for verbs followed by one or
more prepositions. They are also called multi-word verbs.
The meaning cannot usually be guessed from the meaning of the
verb on its own. These verbs are common in informal writing
and speech, but many are used in formal speech and writing.
There are many verbs of this type, and
the ones listed here
are those which are common, or which occur elsewhere in this
book. Verbs are divided here into different types. Verbs can
belong to different types with a different meaning for each type.
It is advisable to study the context of use, and check the meaning
in a dictionary.
Verbs with three
parts
These verbs are followed by an object. The object cannot be put
after the first or second word.
Verbs marked * can be used without the final part, but with no object.
catch up with* (reach someone by going faster)
You can rest now and catch up with us later.
You're going too fast! I can't catch up!'
cut down on* (reduce or reduce the amount spent on)
Sheila has decided to cut down on holidays this year.
You're eating too many sweets. You should cut down.
drop in on* (visit, perhaps unexpectedly)
Let's drop in on David while we are in Paris.
The next time you are nearby, please do drop in!
get along/on with* (have a friendly relationship with)
James doesn't get on well with his maths teacher.
We work in the same office, but we don't get on.
keep up with* (move at the same speed as)
You're going too fast! I can 't keep up with you.
Patty finds this class difficult, and can't keep up.
live up to (be as good as was expected - usually used with promise or
expectation)
The film didn't live up to our expectations.
look forward to (want to happen, as you think you will enjoy it)
I'm looking forward to going on holiday this year.
21
look out onto/over (have a view of)
Our hotel room looks out onto the garden.
put up with (tolerate)
I can't put up with all this noise!
run out of* (have none left)
I think the car is about to run out of petrol!
There isn't any more milk. We've run out.
Verbs with two
parts: transitive
inseparable
These verbs are followed by an object. The object cannot be put
between the verb and the preposition.
call for (come to your house and collect)
We'll call for you about 8.00 so please be ready.
call on (pay a short visit: usually formal)
I called on Professor Jones and wished her a Happy Birthday.
deal with
(take action over, handle)
Could you deal with this customer's problem please?
get at (try to say)
Helen couldn't understand what her boss was getting at.
get over (recover from)
Peter was ill with flu, but he's getting over it now.
join in (take part in, contribute to)
When Alex started singing, everyone joined in.
make for (go in the direction of)
The escaped prisoner is thought to be making for London.
see to (pay attention to, often meaning 'repair')
The brakes on your car need seeing to.
stand for (tolerate)
I will not stand for so much talking!
take after (be similar in appearance or character)
Karen takes after her mother. They're very similar.
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Practice

a) If you have any kind of, problem, just call me and I'll deal ..3...
Complete each
b) I've been so busy lately that I've decided to cut …….
sentence a) to h)
c) Ann and Sue are really looking …….
with an ending
d) Our teacher told us that she would not stand …….
from 1) to 8).
e) Nearly everybody says that George takes …….
f) Clara is very friendly and generally gets …….
g) Half-way through the race, Martin found that he couldn't keep …….
h) We were told that the concert was going to be good but it didn't
live…….
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
for cheating in our end-of-term test.
on well with the people she works with.
with it as soon as I can.
after his father's side of the family.
down on the amount of time I spend watching television.
up with the others any more.
up to our expectations at all.
forward to seeing you both again in July.
 Replace the underlined word or phrase with the suitable phrasal verb.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
The central heating system needs to be looked at.
Let's pay a surprise visit to Julia while we are here.
We’re going in the direction of Paris.
Our hotel room has a view of the main road!
Two children started playing, and then the others played too.
We paid a visit to my aunt on her birthday.
I’m afraid that we have not got any eggs left.
Kate will come and collect you at 6.30.
Nobody understood what I was trying to say.
I can’t bear so much air pollution!
Verbs with two
parts: transitive
separable
….seeing to………..
….drop…………….
….heading…………
….looks……………
….joined……………
….called……..……..
….run……………….
….call……………….
….getting……………
….put……………….
These verbs are followed by an object, or the object is put between
the verb and preposition. Pronouns such as you, it, him, her, us,
them are always put between the verb and the preposition. Verb and
preposition are not usually separated by long phrases.
These are put after the preposition.
bring up (educate, look after a child)
Tom's aunt brought him up after his parents died.
23
call off (cancel)
The school called off the match because of bad weather.
clear up (make clean and tidy)
Could you help me clear up the room after the party?
cut off (be disconnected during a phone-call)
I’d just got through to Delhi when I was cut off.
fill in (complete a form)
Could you fill this form in with all your details, please?
give up (choose to stop doing something)
Paul had to give up gymnastics because of injury.
knock out (hit and make unconscious)
Bryson knocked his opponent out in the second round.
let down (disappoint, fall to keep a promise)
Ann said she would help, but she let me down.
look up (search for information in a reference book)
I looked this word up in a dictionary and in an encyclopedia.
pick up (collect in a car)
The taxi will pick you up at 6.30.
put off (postpone)
The weather was bad, so they put off the match for a week.
put up (stay in someone’s house)
A friend in Prague put me up for a couple of nights.
take up (start doing a hobby or activity)
Sam has just taken up parachuting.
try on (put on clothes to see if they are suitable)
I tried the coat on, but it was too big and the wrong colour.
turn on/off (begin or stop operating electrical equipment)
Don't forget to turn off the light before you go to bed.
wash up (clean plates, knives and forks, etc.)
After the party, Martin washed up all the glasses.
Verbs with two
These verbs do not have an object.
parts: intransitive
break down (stop working, especially cars)
The car broke down when we were on the motorway.
24
drop out (leave without finishing)
Two of the runners dropped out half-way through the race.
get on (make progress)
Nina likes her new college, and it’s getting on well.
get away (escape)
One of the burglars was caught, but the other got away.
grow up (change from a child to an adult)
I grew up in a small town in Peru.
set off/out (begin a journey)
We set off early, to avoid the traffic.
take off (when a plane leaves the ground)
Our plane took off more than three hours late.
turn up (arrive, or arrive unexpectedly)
We invited twenty people, but only five turned up.
Practice

a) Sue asked if she could help me....wash…up the dirty dishes.
Put one suitable
b) I need a dictionary, so I can…………..up this word.
word in each
c) If I were you I'd …………off early because Edinburgh is a long way.
space.
d) Our meeting tomorrow has been………….off, I'm afraid.
e) I'm not sure about the size of this coat, so can I …………..it on?
f) Jim had to ……….in a form, giving all his personal details.
g) You'll never guess who ……………up at our school party last week!
h) Six people applied for the job, but one of them ………….out.

a) It's very cold and wet at the moment so we have put…3….
Complete each
b) Mary's parents were quite strict and brought her ………
sentence a) to h)
c) Your room is very untidy! Could you clear ………
with an ending
d) I was talking to Helen when suddenly we were cut ………
from 1) to 8).
e) Tina tried to persuade her mother to give ………
f)Tim started painting his room this morning and he's getting ………
g) The branch of a tree fell and knocked ………
h) If you like, we .11ould come and pick ………
1) it up please, and put everything away.
2) Peter out for a few moments.
3) off our garden party until next week.
25
4) up smoking, but she didn't have much success.
5) on very well so far.
6) off and I couldn't get her number after that.
7) you up in our car at about 7.00.
8) up to be very polite and obedient.
 Replace the underlined word or phrase with the suitable phrasal verb.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
The athletics meeting was postponed for a week.
The doctor told David to stop playing football.
Could you write all the details on this form?
Jack arrived half-way through the lesson.
Helen is doing well in her English class.
Paula spent her childhood in Uruguay.
As soon as it was dawn, we started our journey.
Martin tidies his room every morning.
How do you start the computer?
Carol checked the dates in an encyclopedia.
Skating is a great sport. When did you start doing it?
…………………….
…………………….
…………………….
…………………….
…………………….
…………………….
…………………….
…………………….
…………………….
…………………….
…………………….
(adapted from: Michael Vince. Intermediate Language Practice. p.144-151.)
Prepared by
Kru Panida
26
ตอนที่ 2
…words  sentences…
Sentence
Verb & Tense (s)
Subject + Verb + Object.
Subject
1. Noun : A dog, A cat, A doctor, A teacher,…
A newspaper made an allusion to a film star suffering from AIDS.
2. Pronoun : I, You, He, She, It,
We, You, They,...
He is already four pounds overweight.
3. Adjective : The rich, The disabled, The kind,…
The poor are very happy to win the lottery.
The brave should be praised.
4. Infinitive with to : To take a good care of mom, To have a special English class,…
To walk in the morning is good for health.
5.Gerund : Teaching, Eating, Swimming,…
Swimming is a good exercise.
6. Phrase: Talking in the class, Walking in the rain,…
How to boil water is easy.
7. Clause : What we are doing seems very difficult.
How to boil water is easy.
27
Verb : Tense (s)
● Active Voice (Doer)
● Passive Voice (Receiver)
Active Voice (Doer)
•
Present
- Simple : V1 (s,es)
We study English in the class seriously.
He lives in my cousin’s house.
Men wear thin clothes in summer.
- Continuous : To be + V.ing
They are talking about politics.
- Perfect : To have + V3
We have studied English for more than 10 years.
He has opened the window.
- Perfect Continuous : To have+ been + V.ing
We have been studying English for more than 10 years.
•
Past
- Simple : V2
My lovely niece phoned me two minutes ago.
- Continuous : Was, Were + V.ing
While he was reading erotic books, his mother came in.
- Perfect : Had + V3
The telephone had rung for four minutes before it was answered.
28
- Perfect Continuous : had +been + V.ing
The telephone had been ringing for four minutes before it was answered.
•
Future
- Simple : Will + Infinitive Verb / to be going to + infinitive verb
We all will pass the English paper test.
My wife is going to have a baby.
- Continuous : Will + be + V.ing
My friends and I will be meeting at Tesco Lotus at 2 pm tomorrow.
- Perfect : Will /must + have + V3
The teacher listening to the lecture eagerly will have passed the English
paper test by the end of June.
- Perfect Continuous : Will + have + been + V.ing
We will have been practicing English .
Passive Voice (Receiver)
•
To be + V3
The enthusiastic teachers are trained to pass the English paper test.
•
Modal Verb + be + V3
Sexy girls may be raped because of their sexiness.
•
To be + being + V3
BTS, sky train to Samutprakarn, is being constructed slowly owing to budget.
•
To have + been + V3
We have been taught to be responsible for our duty.
29
Modal Verbs
•
Will / Would
•
Shall / Should
•
Can / Could
•
May / Might
•
Must / Had to
•
Need, Dare, Used to, Ought to,
+ infinitive verb
Had better, Would rather
Object
Noun :
A dog, A cat, A doctor, A teacher,…
The red car hit the dog this morning.
Pronoun :
Me, You, Him, Her, It,
Us, You, Them,...
Sad movies always make me cry.
Adjective :
Good people like to help the poor.
Infinitive with to : My daughter wants to study Japanese.
Gerund :
That old man likes reading alone.
Phrase :
Some of us do not know how to pass the English paper test.
Clause :
She does not understand how we can arrive here.
Noun Modifier
A
1. Adjective + Noun :
hot weather,
a red shirt…
30
2. Present Participle = V.ing : V.ing + Noun : a singing boy, listening teachers…
3. Past Participle = V.3 : V.3 + Noun : a broken leg, a raped girl…
4. Noun + Noun :
a paper box,
chocolate milk, ……..
5. Compound Adjective
- a five – year – old dog
-a
short – haired girl
- a hand – made shoe
- a man – eating animal
- a good – looking restaurant
- a well – done steak
B
1. Noun + Present Participial Phrase (V.ing Phrase)
A teacher speaking in front of the class …………
A group of people trying to study hard………..
2. Noun + Past Participial Phrase (V.3 Phrase)
A girl raped at/on the corner of the road………..
A doctor with her friends shot the last month……….
3. Noun + Adjective Clause/Relative clause
31
Adjective Clause/Relative Clause คือ Clause ที่ทาหน้ าที่เป็ น Adjective ขยาย Noun
วางไว้ หลัง Noun ขึ ้นต้ น Clause ด้ วยตัว Relative Pronoun อันได้ แก่ who, whom, which,
where, whose, that :
- The thief who robbed the bank yesterday…
-
The book which I borrow from the library…
-
The book of which the cover is black and red ……….
-
The girl whose hair is long…
Verb
•
Finite Verb : แสดง Tense ในประโยค (Active Voice/Passive Voice)
•
Non – Finite Verb : ไม่สามารถแสดง Tense ใน ประโยคได้ จะอยูใ่ นรูปของ
☺ V.ing
☺ Infinitive with to
☺ Infinitive without to
- We do not enjoy studying English today.
- You want to practice English more.
- She lets her daughter listen to music during her study.
Sentence
•
Simple Sentence
You are extremely enthusiastic .
•
Compound Sentence
You are very nice so everybody admires you.
•
Complex Sentence
She is the first woman who has won
this kind of prize.
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Variety of Sentences
1. Working as a private eyes, you get to know a lot of interesting people in the
area where you live.
2. I walked to the fifth floor since the lift did not work.
3. A survey conducted by a team of students showed that 88% of teenagers prefer
to plan their future by themselves.
4. Nina was rescued by the police after she had been kidnapped for more than 2
months.
5. People living near main roads are afraid that their houses would be broken down
in pieces because of the vibration from trucks and cars.
6. We call a child whose parents are dead an orphan.
7. King Rama I established Bangkok in 1782 as a capital of Thailand.
8. After she had studied hard for 2 years, she succeeded in getting her Ph.D.
9. One of the things she wrote about was life on a big farm at the beginning of
the century.
10. Medical research indicates that large amounts of histamines can be responsible
for colds, hay fever and other respiratory reactions.
11. Tiger Woods practiced playing golf with his father since he was a child.
12. My house cleaner is quite lazy. She enjoys sleeping when we are out for work.
13. The water supplies of many cities and manufacturing areas are dependent on
ground water obtained from wells.
14. She is happy that she has found such a nice place to live in.
15. February 14th is a day for people who have fallen in love.
16. Water in Klong Prapa which is used to produce tap water contain several types
of germs, a survey revealed recently.
33
17. Government officials will have a five – day holiday during the Songkran Festival.
18. Bacteria such as E. coil and salmonella have been found, said Thepanom
Muanman, chairman of the Bangkok governors advisory team on public health.
19. Enthusiastic teachers, hoping to pass this test, are working very hard.
20. Hoping to pass this test, enthusiastic teachers are working very hard.
21. Mr. Sukho Wuttichoti, supported by the people, made sure that he won the election.
22. Supported by the people, Mr. Sukho Wuttichoti made sure that he won the election.
23. To cook breakfast everyday is necessary.
24. To obey is to follow a command or request.
25. Living with those people is rather unpleasant.
26. Here is too dark.
27. Mary likes sitting alone in the dark.
28. Most asylum seekers coming to the United Kingdom, for example, are found
to be seeking economic betterment, and though their asylum claims are bogus,
little is done to deport them because “host” governments fear being branded
racist or fascist.
29. Customer service on the first floor will have ……. your application before I can
process it .
a) approve
b) approving
c) to approve
d) been approved
30. Jennifer spends a lot of money _______ some beautiful dresses.
a) buy
b) bought
c) buying
d) to buy
31. During the earthquake, I felt the building ______ violently.
a) shakes
b) to shake
c) shook
d) shaking
32. The doctor made me _______ in bed for a week.
a) stayed
b) to stay
c) stay
d) staying
34
33. Jeff got the tailor _______ his trousers last week.
a) lengthened
b) lengthen
c) lengthening
d) to lengthen
34. The knife is somewhat blunt. He must get it _______.
a) sharpened
b) sharpen
c) to sharpen
d) sharpening
Phrase
I.
1) Noun Phrase
2) Adjective Phrase
3) Adverb Phrase
4) Absolute Phrase
II.
1) Prepositional Phrase :
- They could not go anywhere because of the rain.
2) Participial Phrase :
☺ Present Participial Phrase
- Meena and Manee, hoping to pass this course, are working very hard.
- Hoping to pass this course, Meena and Manee are working very hard.
- In those days all passengers going to Udorn had to change trains at
Korat.
☺ Past Participial Phrase
- John bitten by a mad dog should see a doctor at once.
- Obama, supported by the people, makes sure that he will win the
presidential election in USA.
- Supported by the people, Obama makes sure that he will win the
presidential election in USA.
35
☺ Perfect Participial Phrase
- Many tourists having stayed in Thailand like the hospitalities of Thais.
- A lot of Thais, having been wounded in the motorbike accidents, died
after Songkran Day later.
3) Gerundial Phrase
- I enjoy playing Sudoku.
- You heard her singing on TV.
- He enjoys his playing Sudoku.
- We are used to eating Sushi without wasabi.
4) Infinitive Phrase
- To cook breakfast everyday is necessary.
- My shirt needs to be washed every day.
- Her job is to go shopping every morning.
- There is one thing to cook breakfast every day.
- I have no money to give you now.
5) Absolute Phrase
(คล้ ายประโยคแต่ไม่ใช่ประโยค)
- The train being late, they had to stay overnight at the station.
- The pagoda ruined, the Department of Fine Arts had to repair it.
- The sun having set, they didn’t go back home.
- The house having been burnt, we had to live with our cousin’s house.
- The old mining town was utterly deserted, its streets gray and dead.
Clause
ชนิดของ Clause 3 ชนิด
1) Noun Clause
2) Adjective Clause
3) Adverb Clause
36
1) Noun Clause
- Where he lives is not clean.
- I want to know where he lives.
- Your close friends laughed at what you said.
- This is what you want.
- The news that you intended to come gave us much pleasure.
2) Adjective Clause
Relative Pronoun : Who, Whom, Which,…
Relative Adverb : When, Why,…
- I have lost the book which you lend me.
- Sunday is the day when I have no work to do.
3) Adverb Clause
- The young boy runs as fast as he could.
- When he saw us, he ran away.
- He acted as though he had been a doctor.
- We are unhappy because we fail in English.
- It is such a hot day that I can’t go on working.
- I study harder so that I may pass the English paper test.
- I will get there, even if I have to walk all day.
- You worked harder than I did.
- She is very good girl except that she rarely talks.
- In case I forget, please remind me about that
…………………………………………………………….
37
Tense Revision
Underline verb(s) then write down verb form, the name of voices (Active voice or
Passive voice) and the name of tenses as the example.
Sentences
Ex. You are studying English.
1. In fact, recently scientists
have found the remains of
a culture .
2. Some of these ancient traditions
continue into the twenty- first
century.
3. They are judged on looks and
personality by women
from neighboring groups.
4. The traditional Maori facial tattoos
had beautiful curving lines.
5. What will your life be like in
the year 2025 ?
6. I’ll be working as computer
programmer in 2009.
7. How long have people been
decorating their bodies ?
8. Perfume has been used for
thousands of years.
9. Bicycles were invented one hundred
years ago.
10. A cure for AIDS will be found by
researchers.
11. Trenton bikes are available in a
great variety of models and sizes.
12. These round flat cakes, or
patties, made of ground beef
actually came from Germany in the
middle of the nineteenth century
Verb Form
Voice
Tense
To be+V
ing
Active
voice
Pre. Cont.
38
Tense Revision
Underline verb(s) then write down verb form, the name of voices (Active voice or
Passive voice) and the name of tenses as the example.
Sentences
Ex. You are studying English.
13. She had been sleeping for two
hours when we called on her.
14. We will have finished this project
by August.
15. The new building costing 55 M.
baht is being built.
16. Residents in the area claimed
that the smoke and smell from
the factory were unpleasant and
hazardous to health
17. Over 500 villagers have been
evacuated to a safer area
following a fierce battle between
Burmese rebels and Shan State
troops in Burmese territory.
18. The scientific study of the motion
of bodies and the action of
forces that change or cause
motion is called dynamics.
19. The energetic man did not
waste a minute of time.
20. If you’d told me you were
coming today, I’d have met you
at the station
21. The best and easiest way to set
the habit of a reading is to go
to the library with the need to
read books.
Verb Form
Voice
Tense
To be+ V
ing
Active
voice
Pre. Cont.
39
Tense Revision
Underline verb(s) then write down verb form, the name of voices (Active voice or
Passive voice) and the name of tenses as the example.
Sentences
Ex. You are studying English.
Verb Form
Voice
Tense
To be+ V
ing
Active
voice
Pre. Cont.
22. Your school will be closed until
9 am on 15 may due to
essential reorganization.
23. Each area has its own history
and traditions, and so each area
also has its own way of
cooking.
24. Disposing of the garbage we
produce every day is a major
problem in cities around the
world.
25. Nowadays, officials from cities
around the world visit Machida to see whether
they can use some of these ideas and
techniques to solve their own garbage
disposal problems.
Prepared by
Kru Yaowaret
40
SV Agreement
Pre & Post test
A: Underline the correct form of the verb.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
The men (drive., drives) to work.
Jack and Joe (are, is) friends.
My favourite meal (are, is) hamburgers.
Can you tell me which of, these two books (are, is) more interesting.
Lagos (are, is) the capital of Nigeria.
Two of the oranges (become, becomes) rotten.
Jack, like his sisters, (talk, talks) all the time.
My daughter's teacher and advisor (are, is) Mrs. Smith.
Mary and her sisters (are, is) going with us.
Coffee and donuts (are, is) my breakfast.
Neither Jack nor his brothers (are, is) going to win.
Either Mary or Jane (are, is) able to swim.
Many a girl (are, is) to be blamed for bad behaviours.
Someone (are, is) crying.
The number of books in this room (are, is) large.
Everyone (agree, agrees) this is a good idea.
All of my children (are, is) in school.
The Japanese (are, is) very polite.
Physics (are, is) boring.
The news (are, is) concerning all of us.
A number of books (are, is) reserved for students.
“Roots” (are, is) a great classic.
One third of the money (are, is) yours.
Three days (are, is) not long.
Half of my students (are, is) boys.
Some of the convicts (have, has) escaped.
Our greatest joy (are, is) our children.
Two thirds of black college students (are, is) enrolled in these institutions.
A school of dolphins (were, was) seen near the island.
Twenty years (are, is) a severe sentence for that crime.
Neither the washing machine nor the dryer (are, is) rated satisfactory.
A selection of his short poems (have, has) been made for publication.
Eight percent of the food (are, is) spoiled.
Either the cloth or the dyes (are, is) defective.
Most of the apples (are, is) sweet.
The President, guarded by secret service men, (take, takes) a walk every
morning.
41
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
Which of the two proposals (have, has) been accepted?
Here (lie, lies) the soldiers and sailors of the last war.
A wife and mother (are, is) what she wants to be.
Exceptions (are, is) the test of the rule.
For adults, mumps (are, is) a serious disease.
To the economist a knowledge of statistics (are, is) important.
Neither the president nor his aides (have, has) acted wisely in this crisis.
Neither of the jellies (are, is) clear.
Every candidate has been tested and several (have, has) already been appointed.
The Times (are, is) quite popular in Thailand.
There (are, is) a lot of people at the party.
Jack is one of the students who (are, is) injured.
The groceries that I bought (are, is) in the kitchen.
The government (are, is) discussing the Jenkins bill.
B: Choose the best answer.
51. A: Which of these two girls …………..Chinese?
B: Neither of them…………. .
a. are………are
b. is………is
c. is………are
d. am………is
52. More than one person …………..going to lose …………..Job.
a. is ………his
b. is ………their
c. are ………their
d. are ………his
c. enjoy to eat
d. enjoy eating
53. Mary is one of those who ………….. .
a. enjoys to eat
b. enjoys eating
54. A few best students …………..in my class, and Jack ………one of them.
a. is………is
b. is ………are
c. are………is
d. are………are
55. Each boy and each girl …………..introduced before the class……….. .
a. is………starts
b. are………starts c. are ………start
d. is ………start
56. Studying late at night …………..me tired.
a. make
b. making
c. are making
d. makes
57. No matter what the police ………….., no one …………..really patient to wait.
a. say ………is
b. says ………is
c. say ………are
d. says ………are
58. There …………..three of us at the beginning, but Jane dropped out so now there
………...only two of us.
a. were ………is b. were ………am c. was ………is
d. was ………are
59. My clothes…………..too tight. I'll have to let ………….out.
a. is………it
b. are ………it
c. are ………them
d. is………them
60. Here ………….my letter. Could 'you please look it over to see if there
………any mistakes?
42
a. is ………is
b. are ………are
c. is ………are
d. are ………is
61. Both John and Charlie ……………turned in …………..homework.
a. has ………their b. have ………his c. has ………his
d. have ………their
62. The United States ……….…a well developed country, although
…….……history is relatively short.
a. are ………their b. is ………its
c. has ………its
d. have ………their
63. Behind the house ……………small buildings.
a. is
b. have
c. are
d. has
64. The salesman, together with his friends ………….well in ………….job.
a. does ………his b. do ………their c. does ………their d. do ………his
65. Mary ……………to go to the university but her sisters and brother
…………..not.
a. wants ………does
b. wants ………do
c. want ………does
d. want ………do
66. There ……………my mother and sister.
a. goes
b. gone
c. going
d. go
67. Neither of the boys …………..finished …………..paper.
a. have ………their b. has ………his
c. have ………his
d. has ………their
68. Most of the students …………….the tests themselves, but some …………..not.
a. do ………do
b. does ………do c. do ………does
d. does ………does
69. Near the gate …………..three tall trees.
a. is
b. being
c. are
d. there are
70. The lawyer and executor …………….talking to ………….friends.
a. is ………his
b. are ………their c. is ………their
d. are ………his
C: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in parentheses.
71. A good reader is more than somebody who (know) ……..……….how to read.
He also knows about all the forms that reading (take) ……………. . There (be)
……………. many reasons why people read. They read to pass examinations, to
(understand) …………….instructions, and so on. Recreational reading (be)
………….reading for relaxation. Fiction is the most popular and there (be)
…………….plenty of fiction available in magazines and newspapers.
72. This new and exciting science series (have) …………….been written with very
young children in mind. Many teachers (be) …………….unwilling to try
teaching science to infants, but Romola Showell. (have) …………….shown that
it can be done. She believes that children can start learning science as soon as
they notice that fish (have) ……………. to live in water.
73. There (be) …………….some jobs which carry quite high pay for beginners, but
in which the pay (do) …………….not increase much with time. Other jobs
(start) …………….with low pay but can (lead) …………….on to promotion. In
43
some kinds of work, pay (be) …………….fixed. But in most, you will be paid
more if you (be) …………….better. So you can see that there (be)
………….quite a number of different systems of pay for you to think about
before you decide on the kind of job you (want) ……………. .
74. Teachers are a mixed lot. There (be) …………….often a great variation in their
ways of teaching and in their attitude to the children they teach. A bad teacher
can make the most interesting subject sound dull, while a good one can
(encourage) ……………. you and make you (realize) …………….what fun it
can be to learn. Among teachers, these (be) …………….the ones who seem
endlessly strict, who (have) ……………. no sense of humour, or who (try)
…………….to cram you with facts without proper explanation.
75. Batik (be) …………….a traditional fabric of the Malays in Singapore, Indonesia
and Malaysia as it has been for many years. To improve the quality of, batik to
international standards, modern dyestuffs from Japan and Germany (be)
…………. used. As a result, first-class batik (be) …………….produced. To
make batik more popular , different fabrics (be) …………….used. Batik
designers (be) ……………. also moving out of traditional patterns into more
interesting and modern ones.
76. Advertisements (have) …………….one purpose only: to. persuade you to buy
the goods they advertise. Some advertisers may mention qualities which their
products (do) …………….not have. Fortunately today, there (be)
…………….laws to protect customers. If an advertiser (claim) …………….that
a medicine can (cure) ……………. illnesses when it cannot, he can be taken to
court and punished. But in many cases, it is difficult to prove or disprove the
claims. Cosmetics advertisements (be) …………….good examples
44
…SV Agreement…
Rules 1-5
1) Verbs after the Introductory Adverbs Here and There agree with the subjects that
follow them.
There is a book on the table.
There are three books on the table.
Here comes the bus.
There go the farmers.
There have been two accidents so far.
Note. If the subject is a pronoun, the verb follows the subject; as,
There he goes. / Here he comes. / Here you are.
2) Two singular subjects connected by and take a plural verb.
Tom and Mary are friends.
She and I go to school together.
The manager and the owner of the company are leaving for Rome
tomorrow.
(Two men are leaving for Rome.)
3) Two singular nouns connected by and with no article before the second noun refer
to the same person or thing. And thus the verb is singular.
The manager and owner of the company is leaving for Rome.
( One person is both the manager and owner of the company.)
A white and black cat is playing under the table.
( There is one cat. Its colours are black and white.)
Compare.
The dancer and singer is coming into the room. (One person)
The dancer and the singer are coming into the room.(Two persons)
4) Two singular nouns connected by and may suggest ONE idea to the mind.
Time and tide waits for no man.
Rice and curry is my favourite meal.
Bread and butter is his only food.
Note. The speaker, however, may think of the two nouns as two different items, and
thus they are plural; as,
45
The speaker thinks of the two
The speaker thinks of the two
nouns as ONE item.
nouns as TWO items.
Time and tide waits for no man.
Time and tide wait for no man.
Rice and curry is my favourite food.
Rice and curry are what 1 need.
Whisky and soda is what he ordered.
Whisky and soda are expensive here.
5) The phrase and clause does not affect the subject it modifies. The verb agrees with
the subject, not the phrase or clause.
The boy who is carrying those books is my brother.
Mr.Smith, the barber and butcher, comes here every day.
The supervisors from the Ministry of Education are interviewing the boy.
The boy playing with those dogs is her first child.
One of the students is awarded first prize.
Exercise 1: Underline the correct verbs in the following sentences.
1. Here (is, are) another piece of his furniture.
2. The father and his son (is, are) planning to go to Rome.
3. Mary and Jane (comes, come) to visit us every weekend.
4. You and I (am, are) responsible for what we have done.
5. There (is, are) five boys playing in the playground now.
6. Here (come, comes) the men from Mr. John's company.
7. There (go, goes) the yellow bus you are waiting for.
8. There (is, are) only one out of ten boys who can do that.
9. Longfellow's choice of words (make, makes) his poems easy to understand.
10. There (is, are) sixty-five cows on Uncle Tim's farm.
11. One of the most interesting places you should go (is, are) the floating market at
Wat Sai.
12. The course of social studies (is, are) difficult for some students.
13. One of the boxes of books (is, are) missing.
14. Tom, the farmer and gardener, (work, works) very hard
15. Gold and silver (is, are) precious metals.
Rules 6-8
6) The words… with, together with, as well as, including, in addition to, together
with…
the words following them DO NOT affect the preceding subjects.
The house, with its contents, was insured.
The boy, together with his friends, is reading in the room.
Mr. Smith, as well as his wife, likes the film very much
The explanation in addition to the rules is very clear.
46
7) The following words when used as pronouns are always singular:
everyone
someone
anyone
no one
each
a
many
everybody
somebody
anybody
nobody
another
everything
something
neither
anything
nothing
the other
either
Each of the boys plays very well.
Many a man does not know his own good deeds.
(Many men do not know their own good deeds.)
Either of the topics is a good choice to report.
Neither of the two girls is recommended.
Everyone is coming.
Nobody knows where he is.
Note. The words each, every, another when used as adjectives modify singular nouns;
as,
each student, every student, another student.
The other can modify a singular or plural noun, as, the other student, the other
students or other students.
Another can modify a plural noun, as, another two students
8) Each of the following words when used as a pronoun is always plural.
all
others
both
(a) few
many
several
some
Both are working in the same office.
Few (A few) want to go with you.
All were arrested last night.
Some want to stay home but others want to go to the movies.
Note. When they modify nouns, the nouns are plural; as, both boys, (a) few books,
all thieves, some children
Exercise 2: Choose the correct form.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Neither (is, are) going to attend the meeting.
Everyone in this class (tell, tells) stories very well.
Every one of the soldiers (was, were) ready to defend the fort'.
Each one of the students (hand, hands) in the paper.
47
5. Everybody in the room (know, knows) the reason, for this test.
6. The students in that school including the principal (is, are) joyful people.
7. Many a man (think, thinks) that beauty is the most important thing.
8. Both of us (has, have) been friends for Years..
9. Some people (eat, eats) bread instead of rice.
10. Few (go, goes) to the play nowadays.
11. Several (was, were) seen lying on the grass yesterday afternoon.
12. Some newspapers (is, are) worth reading but some (is, are) not
13. The mother, as well as the baby, (is, are) healthy.
14. Some pedestrians (look, looks) before crossing a street, but few (don't, doesn't).
15. Henry told me that someone (was, were) on the telephone.
Rules 9-14
9) The following nouns are singular.
physics
economics
mumps
mathematics
measles
ashes
politics
news
alms
means
Economics is a required subject in this field..
Mumps does not kill anybody.
Roads are a means of communication.
10) The following nouns remain the same. Each can be singular or plural.
fish
salmon
trout
herring
cod
sheep
deer
Tom bought a big fish from the market.
Many fish in the pool were dead.
11) The following are collective nouns. Each can he used as a singular or plural noun
according to the sense meant by the speaker.
class
jury
government
family
team
cabinet
fleet
committee
group
crew
If the word refers to the whole group, it is singular; if it refers to all the individuals that
compose the group, it is plural.
The jury consists of five men.
48
The jury were unanimous in their verdict.
The government is trying a new measure.
The government have discussed the matter seriously.
12) The word ‘people’ is always plural.
The people were glad to hear that the King was coming.
The plural ‘peoples’ means nations: The peoples of the world want peace.
Note. Words like ‘parent, spouse’ are singular. A parent means either the father or the
mother, but not both. The plural parents should be used when both are meant.
13) The title of a book or an article or a song, or likewise, is singular.
Gulliver's Travels was written by Swift.
Your "Farmers and Their Rice Fields" is a well written essay.
14) An amount of money and other forms of measurement are singular.
Twenty-five dollars is too expensive for this camera.
Two hundred miles is a long way.
Compare:
Four bahts are on the table.
Four baht is not enough.
Exercise 3: Put the correct form of the verb given in parentheses in each blank space of
the following.
The crew ………… discussing what arrangement should be made for the party. (to be)
"Captain Courageous" ………… written by Rudyard Kipling. (to be)
The fish in this pool ………… not for sale. (to be)
The people ………… excited about the news yesterday. (to be)
Our government ………… spent a lot of money to develop the country. (to hare)
In a tropical country, mumps usually ………… to the children under the age of twenty.
(to come)
7. Physics ………… not her favourite subject. (to be)
8. The jury ………… not decided to free him yet. (to have)
9. Politics ………… not interest me as much as economics. (to do)
10. When the committee ………… to his proposal', they raise their hands up. (to agree)
11. The people of the. United States ………… called Americans. (to be)
12. When the meeting is over, the cabinet ………… home immediately. (to go)
13. The news ………… announced on the radio last night. (to be)
14. Alms………… collected by the priests every morning. (to be)
15. There………… no ash in the ash-tray. (to be)
16. No people ………… to have any trouble. (to want)
17. The football team ………… for victory. (to fight)
18. Measles ………… sometimes serious. (to be).
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
49
19. Ten baht a day ………… enough for you. (to be)
20. The class ………… discussing the plain of the trip to Pataya now. (to be)
21. Two thousand baht………… a large sum of money. (to be)
22. His family ………… talking about him when he entered the room. (to be)
23. His family ………… of six members. (to consist)
24. Five weeks ………… not enough for him to prepare himself for the examination.
(to be)
25. "The Highwayman" ………… the poem 1 like best. (to be)
Rules 15-20
15) The verb agrees with the near subject when two subjects are connected by the
following conjunctions:
or,
either.. . or…
neither ... nor…
not only ... but (also)….
Neither you nor I am to go.
Either she or you are going to finish the work.
Not only the manager but also his daughters go to Paris every year.
16) The verb of who or which or what agrees with its antecedent (= the word it refers to).
It is I who am wrong.
The boys who are playing there are my students.
This is the boy who comes here every day.
It is our children who make our family perfect.
17) Fractions of plural nouns are plural, and those of singular nouns are singular.
Two thirds of the boys are here.
Two thirds of the wall is painted.
Two thirds of the money has been spent
18) A number of + (plural nouns) is plural.
The number of + (plural nouns) is singular.
None is singular; but none of + (plural nouns) is plural.
A number of students are playing football.
The number of students in this school is quite small.
None is here.
None of them are here.
19) An infinitive or a gerund together with its modifiers is singular.
50
To read is a good habit.
To mend cars is the work of a mechanic.
Climbing mountains is a good sport.
Drinking a lot of water when you are hot is said to be unwise.
20) The construction the + adjective refers to a group of people having such a quality.
The poor (= poor people) are many, but the rich (= rich people) are few.
The foolish need advice, but only the wise profit by it.
Exercise 4: Underline the correct verbs.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Three fourths of the frame work of the barn (is, are) in place.
Neither France nor England (have, has) as many telephones as the United States.
The number of volunteers (is, are) quite large.
They are strangers who (want, wants) to know something about your business.
Either Gilbert's jacket or Jane's sweater (is, are) being used as a bed by the cat
Neither Tom nor Alexander (was, were) born in Thailand.
Two thirds of the marmalade (is, are) on Peter's hands and face; the rest (is, are) on
his bib.
8. A number of Thai students (is, are) touring the United States.
9. Either he or they (tells, tell) lies.
10. Neither the janitor nor his wife (is, are) going to scrub' the floor.
11. Anyone who (wants, want) to go must let me know before noon.
12. Neither he nor you (have, has) any right to use the pen.
13. None of the inhabitants of the planet Earth (was, were) prepared for the Martians
invasion.
14. The news which (was, were) sent from him (make makes) us happy.
15. He is one of the students who (is, are) going to compete for the prize.
16. None of the fourteen students (is, are) selected captain of the team.
17. The houses that (is, are) on the other bark of the river belong to the workers.
18. All of the sugar (has, have) been used up'.
19. A number of workers (was, were) called to help the victims of the earthquake'.
20. The father, not the children, (was, were) sent to the hospital.
21. Some students in his class (is, are) badly in need of money.
22. Two fifths of the sum (was, were) paid by the government.
23. Neither Ronald Ross nor Battista (was, were) willing to admit that the other had
helped to discover the cause of malaria.
24. To spill the salt at table (bring, brings) bad luck.
25. To smoke a lot of cigarettes (is, are) bad for health.
26. Living in crowded cities (is, are) not good for health.
27. Meeting you and your friends here (has, have) been a great pleasure.
28. Two thirds of her salary (is, are) given to her son.
29. Those are the boys who (is, are) willing to help us.
30. Your sisters, not your brother, (was, were) invited to the party.
Prepared by
Kru Panida
51
…Finite & Non-finite Verbs…
 Infinitive with or without ‘to’.
Exercise 1: Put ‘to’ where necessary.
Mother wouldn't let her baby …………play with her gold watch.
Would you like …………go now or shall we …………wait till the end?
The teacher made me …………do it all over again.
I’d like her …………go to a college but I can't …………make her …………go.
I’m sorry ………disappoint you but I can't let you ………have any money till the
end of this month.
6. It’s easy …………be wise after the event.
7. She persuades them …………wait a little longer.
8. It is better …………travel hopefully than …………travel for fun.
9. Do you wish …………make a complaint?
10. If the baby is a boy there is …………be a salute of 21 guns.
11. They told me …………try …………come early.
12. I advised her …………ask the bus conductor …………tell her where
…………get off.
13. There is nothing …………do but …………wait till somebody comes
…………let us out.
14. Would you rather ………be more stupid than you look or ………look more
stupid than you are ?
15. Before she let us …………go, she made us …………promise not …………tell
anyone what we had seen.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
 Gerund & Participle
Exercise 2: Say whether each of the underlined word is 'participle' or ‘gerund’.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
He likes sleeping.
= ....................
Try to avoid riding a motorcycle. It's dangerous.
= ....................
Hearing the noise, the baby woke up.
= ....................
Hunting tigers is dangerous.
= ....................
I am used to travelling by bus.
= ....................
I saw the woman sleeping in the hall.
= ....................
The child fell, striking his head against the sharp edge of the table.
= ....................
8. Speaking English is easier than writing it.
= ....................
9. The girl standing there is my cousin.
= ....................
10. Not knowing the language very well, the old lady was loath to travel by bus.
= ....................
11. Eating too many sweets is bad for the figure.
= ....................
52
12. Being a student of English, he was anxious to see as much of England as he
could.
= ...............
13. Clutching hands tightly, they walked down the dark passage. = ....................
14. This working tool is heavy to carry.
= ....................
15. He drove carefully, keeping close to the kerb.
= ....................
 Infinitive, Gerund, and Participle
Exercise 3: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of gerund, infinitive or
present participle.
1. Don't forget (lock)…………….all the doors before (go)…………….to bed.
2. I can't understand her (behave)…………….like that.
3. It’s no use (wait)……………. .
4. She is looking forward to (see)…………….him.
5. The students like (play)…………….games but hate (do)…………….lessons.
6. I regret (inform)…………….you that your application has been refused
7. (Lie)…………….on this beach is much more pleasant than (sit)…………….in
the office.
8. I advise you (start)……………. (book)…………….for a flat at once.
9. My watch keeps (stop)…………. . That's because you keep (forget)………….
(wind)………….it.
10. Please go on (write)……………. . I don't mind (wait)……………. .
11. Your windows need (clean)……………., would you like me
(do)…………….them for you.
12. I suggest (telephone)…………….the hospital before (ask)…………….the
police (look)…………….for him.
13. She postponed (make)…………….decision till it was too late
(do)…………….anything.
14. It is usually easier (learn)…………….a subject by (read)…………….books
than by (listen)…………….to lectures.
15. Try (forget)…………….it; it isn't worth (worry)…………….about.
16. It's much better (go)…………….to a hairdresser than (try)…………….
(save)…………….time by (cut)…………….your own hair.
17. It’s no use (try)….………. (interrupt)….……….him. You'll have
(wait)….……….till he stops (talk)…..…… .
18. Ask them (come)…………….in; don't keep them (stand)…………….at the
door.
19. It is easy (see)…………….animals on the road in daylight but at night it is
difficult (avoid)……………. (hit)…………….them.
20. It is no good (write)…………….to them. The best thing (do)…………….is
(go)…………….and (see)……………. them.
Prepared by
Kru Yaowaret
53
…Error Detection…
Find the error in each sentence.
1. Do you think its going to rain tomorrow?
a
b
c
d
2. He asked me what I was doing when he calls.
a b
c
d
3. Was it another men who had been lost in the middle of the ocean.
a
b
c
d
4. Would you like to have something for drink?
a
b
c
d
5. The Thai economy faced severe difficulties in 1997, mainly as resulting of
a
b
c
the bubble economy.
d
6. Thomas Hunter arrives New York in 1850 as a penniless and friendless political
fugitive
a
b
c
d
from Ireland.
7. At that time the old lady is 96, but she still remembered that when she was 25.
a
b
c
d
8. Thus both the South and west are developing into industrial regions.
a
b
c
d
9. Mary didn’t eat any food but she was hungry.
a
b
c
d
10. Under the conditional agreement with the IMF, the Government would reduce
expenditures in many areas, but the budget alocation to education and health or
a
b
society welfare must be maintained.
c
d
11. Modern tests contains words which are more difficult to guess at.
a
b c
d
12. The Americans are not merely confident but are ambitious and love freedom and
a
b
c
independent.
d
13. If I would have been there, I could have helped you.
a
b
c
d
14. Few of ours realize what a vast amount of information has been gathered about our
a
b
c
feathered friends, the birds.
d
54
15. A hynotherapist uses communicative methods of persuation and influence; so do
a
b
people who adversitse and market good and services.
c
d
16. I wondered if I looked as funny to him as he does to me.
a
b
c
d
17. However these girls had always lived in ideal camping country, they had never camped
a
b
c
before.
d
18. Our homework was as difficult as their.
a
b
c
d
19. They agreed because he was a died man and they respected him.
a
b
c
d
20. The smaller the difference among your speed and the speed of the vertical you are
a
overtaking, the longer the stretch of clear road you will need.
b
c
d
21. It seemed that, at the moment the great whale came to the surface to take a breathe,
a
b
c
the air rushed into it as if into a great machine.
d
22. He wishes he learned French when he was twelve.
a
b
c
d
23. Quickly John took off his shoes, jumped into the water, and started swimming
a
b
toward the drown man.
c
d
24. The students should do their homework at school yesterday.
a b
c
d
25. In some, education in Thailand has developed from traditional education offering in
a
b
c
the temple, the palace and the family to modernized education for national
development.
d
26. Max and I will go to the concert and so does Sue.
a
b
c
d
27. When a person accepts a dinner invitation, they are expected to arrive on time.
a
b
c
d
28. The manager, as well as a number of employees, were asked to attend the party on
Saturday
a
b
c
d
55
29. Although I have lived in this country for 1st January, I still have trouble getting used
a
b
c
to light breakfast.
d
30. If you are enough fortunate to have an extra room at home, you can use this room
a
b
to retreat to when you need some time to yourself.
c
d
31. The interest in sports grew rapid after the war.
a
b
c
d
32. I used to living in Chiengmai, but that was ten years ago.
a
b c
d
33. You had better started working hard now, or you will fail again.
a
b
c
d
34. One day he came to New York and told me about what he has done.
a
b
c
d
35. If you need any explaining, don’t hesitate to raise up your hand.
a
b
c
d
36. Neither of the clerks who have been helping us knows when this contract will be signed.
a
b
c
d
37. You’d better ask the cashier and the accountant who knows this matter better than I.
a
b
c
d
38. The manager had the clerk prepared lots of invoices yesterday.
a
b
c
d
39. Everyone has to fill out an application form before interviewed.
a
b
c
d
40. The truth is that both chemistry or biology are difficult subjects to learn.
a
b
c
d
41. The number of boys from the one group was going to attend the class.
a
b
c
d
42. Two miles are too far for Diana and me to walk.
a
b
c
d
43. The man you saw fleeing from the scene must have been the murder.
a
b
c
d
44. He ought have read that book before taking the examination last year.
a
b
c
d
45. I have heard a lot of people say that they prefer Paris than London.
a
b
c
d
46. I had two eggs for breakfast but both of them was fresh.
a
b
c
d
47. Don’t hurry because there’re plenty of time.
a
b
c
d
48. There was enough food at the party for everyone have some.
56
a
b
c d
49. Last week it was so cold that most anybody went swimming.
a
b
c
d
50. The meeting took a long time because there were much matters to be decided.
a
b
c
d
51. She is wearing a very pretty coat, something likes the one you are wearing now.
a
b
c
d
52. We searched for the two missing boys everywhere, but none was to be found.
a
b
c
d
53. He has been taught English for ten years when he came to this country.
a
b
c
d
54. I am going to have my letters type tomorrow afternoon if I’ve got them ready.
a
b
c
d
55. There are less books in my studying room than in the library.
a b
c
d
56. I saw a young man stolen some mangoes from Ms.Bown’s shop.
a
b
c
d
57. Tom will tell you that he has not seen Sam since the last two weeks.
a
b
c
d
58. As I have now studied English for over five years, I can be able to make myself
a
b
c
understand when I go to England.
d
59. He immediately stood up and announce that he would give ten dollars to anybody
a
b
c
who could answer his question.
d
60. The circus is universal loved and has much legend and magic about it.
a
b
c
d
61. Astronomers are scientists who watch and study the sun, moons, and other planets
a
b
c
in the universe.
d
Prepared by
Kru Panida