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Transcript
Chapter 13.1 The Renaissance and Reformation 1300-1650 “Renaissance Man:” writer, scientist, inventor, painter, mathematician, architect…..a man of many talents, deep knowledge in one area. Jefferson, Franklin, da Vinci, Michelangelo Renaissance Men…..and Turtles! Raphael’s “Woman with the Veil” Michelangelo's “David” Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” Donatello’s Birth of Venus What you’ll learn…….. 1. What the Renaissance was and why it began in Italy. 2. Who some Renaissance artists were. Why…………. 1. Renaissance means “rebirth.” 2. Bye, bye medieval times. • Da Vinci? • Michelangelo? • Galileo? Chapter 13 vocab Patrons 1 Predestination 3 Martin Luther 3 Sect 4 Isaac Newton 5 Johann Gutenberg 2 Indulgences 3 Ghetto 4 Nicolaus Copernicus 5 Hypothesis 5 Focus Q: Jan. 6 • What have you done recently that you are proud of? • When was the last time you gave someone a compliment? Who? Why? • When was the last time you got a compliment? Who? Why? Focus Q: Jan. 7 • What was the Renaissance? • What was a “Renaissance Man?” • List 4 Renaissance artists, thinkers, sculptors, inventors, etc. Renaissance: rebirth Transition from medieval (dark ages) to early modern world 1. Begins in Italy 2. Begin slow shift from rural to urban 3. People comprehend, describe their world more accurately 4. Interest in Greek and Roman learning 5. Michelangelo, Machiavelli, Copernicus, da Vinci, Isaac Newton, Galileo Renaissance: A New Worldview 1. Rebirth from the disorder of medieval times 2. ***Reawakened interest in Greek and Roman learning and art*** • Medieval thinkers focused more on religion • Renaissance focus more on current human experience and individual achievement Humanism: heart of the Renaissance 1. Intellectual mvmt studied Greek, Roman learning to inc. their understanding of their own time 2. ***Humanists are pious, but focus on worldly subjects rather than on religious issues*** 3. Emphasize humanities: grammar, rhetoric (using language effectively), poetry, history Begins in Italy: Why? 1. New interest in ancient Rome—Italy was the center of the Roman Empire 2. Location on the Med. Sea encouraged trade—banking, manufacturing, trade networks grow—merchant classes have lots of $ 3. Trade brings new ideas—Europe forgot learning of Greece, Rome—Muslims preserved it—comes back to Italy Italian City-States Rule: especially Florence • Florence, Venice, Bologna, Genoa, Pisa • Much fighting btwn them 1. Florence dominated by Medici family 2. Very rich political, trading, banking family 3. ***Medici are patrons of the arts: financial supporters*** Cosimo de Medici Lorenzo the Magnificent They’re busted! 1449-1492 1389-1464 Art and Patronage Italians were willing to spend a lot of money on art. ◦ Art communicated social, political, and spiritual values. ◦ Italian banking & international trade interests had the money. Public art in Florence was organized and supported by guilds. Therefore, the consumption of art was used as a form of competition for social & political status! Most Glorious Expression of Renaissance in Painting, Sculpture, Architecture • Some religious themes 1. ***Many painters paint well known figures of their day*** 2. Realism: looks real 3. Perspective: 3-dimentional, realistic painting 4. Shading: objects look round and real 5. New oil paints: reflect light 1. Realism & Expression Expulsion from the Garden Masaccio 1427 First nudes since classical times. 2. Perspective The Trinity Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! Masaccio 1427 Perspective! First use of linear perspective! What you are, I once was; what I am, you will become. Figures 3. Geometrical Arrangement of The Dreyfus Madonna with the Pomegranate Leonardo da Vinci 1469 The figure as architecture! 4. Light & Shadowing/Softening Edges A little Humor • What do you call a baby monkey? • A Chimp off the old block Leonardo da Vinci 1452-1519 Talents: botany, anatomy, optics, music, architecture, engineering, painting 1. ***Mona Lisa—mysterious smile 2. The Last Supper***—Jesus and disciples the night before his crucifixion 3. Sketches of airplanes, submarines Mona Lisa da Vinci, 1503-4 Vitruvian Man Leonardo da Vinci 1490 The L’uomo universale The Last Supper, da Vinci, 1498 Flying Machine Tank Parachute Helicopter Leonardo, the Scientist (Anatomy): Pages from his Notebook Leonardo, the Sculptor An Equestrian Statue 1516-1518 Michelangelo 1475-1564 Sculpture, painter, engineer, architect, poet 1. Sculpture of David 2. The Pieta: Mary cradling dead son Jesus 3. Mural on ceiling of Sistine Chapel in Rome – Took 4 years, left him partially crippled 5. Designed dome of St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome—US Capital building modeled after it David Michelangelo Buonarotti 1501-1504 Marble The Pieta Mary holding Jesus Michelangelo Buonarroti 1498-1500 marble The Sistine Chapel Michelangelo Buonarroti 1508 - 1512 The Sistine Chapel Details Creation of Man The Sistine Chapel Details The Creation of the Heavens Other Famous Domes Il Duomo (Florence) 185 ft. high, largest Dome built since A.D. 125 St. Peter’s (Rome) St. Paul’s (London) US capital (Washington) Raphael 1483-1520 • Painting: “The School of Athens” –World’s first invisible painting –What techniques help make it invisible? –What other invisible paintings can you think of? The School of Athens – Raphael, 1510 -11 Da Vinci Raphael Michelangelo Niccolo Machiavelli 1469-1527 • Wrote guide for rulers on how to gain and maintain power—The Prince 1. Is it better to be loved or feared, if you cannot be both? 2. “Machiavellian” –use of deceit in politics A. Ends justify the means or….. B. Do whatever it necessary to reach your goals… C. Raised important ethical Q’s about govt and politics Chapter 13.1 creative side Simile…. I wonder…. The Renaissance This reminds me of….. Picture w/ caption EXTRA CREDIT • Draw a picture, sketch, or portrait • Make a model or sculpture That represents something from the Renaissance Period.