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Team Application Activity #3: Statistical Analysis of Microbial
Team Application Activity #3: Statistical Analysis of Microbial

... To calculate alpha diversity, QIIME must first generate alpha rarefaction tables (in biom format). As you know from your readings, rarefaction data will not only provide information regarding the amount of diversity present within each sample, but will also help you determine if you have sampled at ...
Comparing samples—part II
Comparing samples—part II

... corresponding to an effect will have more P values close to 0 (Fig. 3a). In a real-world experiment we do not know which comparisons truly correspond to an effect, so all we see is the aggregate distribution, shown as the third histogram in Figure 3a. If the effect rate is low, most of our P values ...
Archaeal phylogenomics provides evidence in support of a
Archaeal phylogenomics provides evidence in support of a

... a version of MRBAYES v. 3.1.1 to allow us to constrain branching order while allowing branch lengths to vary. Since topology is constrained, this approach allows us to place the intersection at any position in the archaeal tree and evaluate the overall likelihood of that tree once the other paramete ...
A powerful test of independent assortment that determines
A powerful test of independent assortment that determines

... consumes a larger fraction of the total time needed to compute the adjusted P-value. In fact, when the analysis programs make use of all of the available data (for example, EAGLET (Stewart et al., 2010; Stewart et al., 2011, 2013; Kambhampati et al., 2013) and MORGAN (Thompson, 1994; Heath et al., 1 ...
pplacer: linear time maximum-likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic
pplacer: linear time maximum-likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic

... tool for the evolutionary analysis of sequence data. It has well-developed statistical foundations for inference [14,15], tests for uncertainty estimation [16], and sophisticated evolutionary models [17,18]. In contrast to distance-based methods, likelihood-based methods can use both low and high va ...
A New Method for Estimating the Risk Ratio in Studies Using Case
A New Method for Estimating the Risk Ratio in Studies Using Case

... of Khoury's method or Flanders and Khoury's method and that it is slightly larger than that of the maximum likelihood-based method of Schaid and Sommer. Despite the slightly large variance of the new estimator compared with that of the maximum likelihood-based method, the simplicity of the new estim ...
Bioinformatics Dr. Víctor Treviño  Pabellón Tec
Bioinformatics Dr. Víctor Treviño Pabellón Tec

... more (multiple sequence alignment) sequences by searching for similar patterns that are in the same order in the sequences ...
Full-text PDF
Full-text PDF

... results if K is set to any value larger than 4. They themselves use the setting K = 7 in their experiments against the Daly et al.'s data [6]. So we also set K to 7 in our experiments in section 3. Once the model has been trained, we can estimate haplotypes from genotypes. Moreover we can obtain mul ...
Full-text PDF
Full-text PDF

... Figure 1: In these GenBank Release 110 entries for two different organisms, the strategies used for storing ORF ID (bold type) and gene name (underlined) information are inconsistent. • In the transformation approach, users need to know some details about the original data formats to be transformed, ...
Identification of Short Motifs for Comparing Biological Sequences
Identification of Short Motifs for Comparing Biological Sequences

... from the fact that many of the compression algorithms could be implemented in a linear time complexity. Compressionbased techniques also showed very good quality with the results, especially those techniques that are dictionarybased. The two major techniques for compression are Lempel-Ziv complexity ...
We need an optimality criterion to choose a best estimate (tree
We need an optimality criterion to choose a best estimate (tree

... least amount of change along its branches to produce the data. ...
Evaluation of Nyholt`s Procedure for Multiple Testing Correction
Evaluation of Nyholt`s Procedure for Multiple Testing Correction

... Dudbridge and Koeleman (2004) investigated whether the assumption underlying Nyholt’s method, that there really is an ‘effective’ number of independent tests, is true. When b independent tests are carried out, the minimum p-value has a Beta(1, b) distribution. Using data on chromosomes 18 and 21 fro ...
Metabolomics - Horticultural Sciences at University of Florida
Metabolomics - Horticultural Sciences at University of Florida

... Thus, in principle, the function of an unknown gene can be determined by comparing the metabolic profile of a mutant in that gene with a library of such profiles generated by deleting individual genes of known function. Caution: This approach may not be so useful for dissecting metabolic responses t ...
Combining Machine Learning and Homology-Based
Combining Machine Learning and Homology-Based

... of conservation against mutations to 20 different amino acids, including itself. A matrix consisting of such vector representations for all the residues in a given sequence is called the PSSM. When a residue is conserved through cycles of PSI-BLAST, it is likely to be due to a purpose (i.e. biologic ...
a review of methods for encoding neural network topologies in
a review of methods for encoding neural network topologies in

... 2) Koza node-based encoding Another possibility of node-based encoding is to use genetic programming. Since GP is usually applied to evolve program trees in LISP language, the network in this method is represented as a tree, where the root is the output processing element (neuron) and the leaves rep ...
User Manual of ClusterProject
User Manual of ClusterProject

... The column of Rep is indispensable whether the experiment has replication or not. If there is no replication, all values of this column are set to one. It can have additional factors in the input file such as dye, treatment or array et al. This is tab-delimited text file. Mixed model approaches are ...
Discovering biclusters in gene expression data based on high
Discovering biclusters in gene expression data based on high

... It should be pointed out that some symbolic, coherent evolution or numerical biclusters, such as those produced by cMonkey [9], SAMBA [10] and some statistical criteria, cannot be classified as additive or multiplicative patterns directly. For example, in cMonkey, additional information besides the ...
A microarray gene expression data classification using hybrid back
A microarray gene expression data classification using hybrid back

... The effects of the parameters of parallel GAs on the quality of their search and on their efficiency are not well understood. This insufficient knowledge limits our ability to design fast and accurate parallel GAs that reach the desired solutions in the shortest time possible. The goal of this disse ...
DYNAMIC BLOCK ALLOCATION FOR BIOLOGICAL SEQUENCES
DYNAMIC BLOCK ALLOCATION FOR BIOLOGICAL SEQUENCES

... managed to find a number a, which provides t variable a value larger than three. The next step consists in finding the optimal length for data blocks in accordance with t variable. Variable r is a multiple of a, thus the difference L – t will ensure a number divisible at least by three integers. The ...
The development of restriction analysis and PCR
The development of restriction analysis and PCR

... The selection of PCR primers was dictated by similar considerations as the selection of enzymes for the restriction analysis. Primer 1 is complementary to the sense (+) strand such that the 3’ end is towards (but short of) the BamH1 and EcoR1 restriction sites. Thus, it is the forward primer. Primer ...
Revealing the demographic histories of species
Revealing the demographic histories of species

... estimating demographic history from gene sequence data using statistical models that were originally designed for the analysis of survival data23–25. The data used are divergence times among a group of sequences as estimated from a phylogenetic tree. The number of lineages within a reconstructed phy ...
A Step-by-Step Tutorial: Divergence Time Estimation with
A Step-by-Step Tutorial: Divergence Time Estimation with

... each partition must have the same number of species present in the corresponding in.BV partitions. For example, you could be analyzing tRNA genes from 20 species and amino acid sequences from 30, so the alignment file would need to have 20 and 30 species in each partition respectively. The master tr ...
Document
Document

... • There are reference databases based on structural information: e.g. BAliBASE and HOMSTRAD • Conflicting standards of truth – evolution – structure – function ...
Keystone2011poster
Keystone2011poster

... The sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of rRNA molecules demonstrated that all organisms could be placed on a single tree of life. Highly conserved, homologous 16S rRNA genes' presence in all organismal lineages makes them the only universal marker that has been adopted by biologist. Unfortunately ...
XML MINING USING GENETIC ALGORITHM
XML MINING USING GENETIC ALGORITHM

... for data exchange over the web. Mining XML data from the web is becoming increasingly important as well. In general frequent itemsets are generated from large data sets by applying association rule mining algorithms like Apriori, Partition, Pincer-Search, Incremental, and Border algorithm etc., whic ...
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Quantitative comparative linguistics

Statistical methods have been used in comparative linguistics since at least the 1950s (see Swadesh list). Since about the year 2000, there has been a renewed interest in the topic, based on the application of methods of computational phylogenetics and cladistics to define an optimal tree (or network) to represent a hypothesis about the evolutionary ancestry and perhaps its language contacts. The probability of relatedness of languages can be quantified and sometimes the proto-languages can be approximately dated.The topic came the attention of the popular press in 2003 after the publication of a short study on Indo-European in Nature (Gray and Atkinson 2003). A volume of articles on Phylogenetic Methods and the Prehistory of Languages was published in 2006 as the result of a conference held in Cambridge in 2004.A goal of comparative historical linguistics is to identify instances of genetic relatedness amongst languages. The steps in quantitative analysis are (i) to devise a procedure based on theoretical grounds, on a particular model or on past experience, etc. (ii) to verify the procedure by applying it to some data where there exists a large body of linguistic opinion for comparison (this may lead to a revision of the procedure of stage (i) or at the extreme of its total abandonment) (iii) to apply the procedure to data where linguistic opinions have not yet been produced, have not yet been firmly established or perhaps are even in conflict.Applying phylogenetic methods to languages is a multi-stage process (a) the encoding stage - getting from real languages to some expression of the relationships between them in the form of numerical or state data, so that those data can then be used as input to phylogenetic methods (b) the representation stage - applying phylogenetic methods to extract from those numerical and/or state data a signal that is converted into some useful form of representation, usually two dimensional graphical ones such as trees or networks, which synthesise and ""collapse"" what are often highly complex multi dimensional relationships in the signal (c) the interpretation stage - assessing those tree and network representations to extract from them what they actually mean for real languages and their relationships through time.
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