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WISC & AS3AP
WISC & AS3AP

... • Hold locks across transactions in a mini-batch to ensure serializability • If lock table size is a problem can release locks, but at the cost of serializability * In case of failure during a mini-batch, must complete its remaining portion on recovery, to ensure atomicity. ...
Isolation Levels - Telkom University
Isolation Levels - Telkom University

... Sequences that indicate the chronological order in which instructions of concurrent transactions are executed: a schedule for a set of transactions must consist of all instructions of those transactions  must preserve the order in which the instructions appear in each individual transaction. ...
Chapter 12: Managing Multi
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... any other concurrent transactions. A transaction either sees data in the state it was in before another concurrent transaction modified it, or it sees the data after the second transaction has completed, but it does not see an intermediate state. This is referred to as serializability because it res ...
Distributed database transparency features
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... Transaction transparency, which allows a transaction to update data at more than one network site Transaction transparency ensures that the transaction will be either entirely completed or aborted. Thus, maintaining database integrity. Failure transparency. which ensures that the system will continu ...
Document
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... Let S and S´ be two schedules with the same set of transactions. S and S´ are view equivalent if the following three conditions are met, for each data item Q, 1. If in schedule S, transaction Ti reads the initial value of Q, then in schedule S’ also transaction Ti must read the initial value of Q. 2 ...
Database Systems and Management
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... Overview of Database Management and Architecture Relational DBMS: Entity-relationship (ER) modelling, Relational database design, SQL and relational algebra, View mechanisms.  DB Implementation and Operational Issues: Data dependencies and normalization, Query processing and optimization, Security ...
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Chapter 15: Transactions Transaction Concept ACID Properties
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Chapter 7: Relational Database Design
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...  Durability requirement — once the user has been notified that the transaction has completed (i.e., the transfer of the $50 has taken place), the updates to the database by the transaction must persist despite failures.  Isolation requirement — if between steps 3 and 6, another transaction is allo ...
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... What are intrusions and how do they relate to security? Before being able to select a way to detect intrusions in a database, it’s important to know what constitutes an intrusion and how security needs to be involved. First, it’s important to understand some of the aspects of security. Vieira and Ma ...
ICS324 Database Systems - Syllabus
ICS324 Database Systems - Syllabus

...  Regular attendance is the university requirement. Attendance will be taken in the beginning of every class.  Whenever the number of unexcused absences exceeds 20% of the held classes, the grade DN will be reported without any formal warning.  Final exam will be selective comprehensive. Home Work ...
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MODULE NAME: MODELS OF DATABASE AND DATABASE DESIGN
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... systems. It includes an introduction to the major database models such as hierarchical, network, relational and object oriented. A study of database query languages is given. Practical sessions using various query languages will also be carried out. Assessment:  2 In class tests (10 % each)  A pra ...
Distributed DBMSs - Concepts and Design
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... DDBMS must ensure that no two sites create a database object with same name. One solution is to create central name server. However, this results in: loss of some local autonomy; central site may become a bottleneck; low availability; if the central site fails, remaining sites cannot create any n ...
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... - Criterion of the data (e.g.: CV placed in the last X days, new entry, etc.) The query will propose a page with a small image of the Video-CV, the ID number of the Video-CV, as well as a link to view and download applicant’s written CV. ...
Syllabus - Ahmadu Bello University
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... Students work in small teams to design and implement real life database systems. Students use ER diagram for conceptual modeling. For implementation, students learn and use an appropriate relational database management system. Students may also implement, using some procedural language, the Select a ...
OVERVIEW OF TRANSACTION MANAGEMENT
OVERVIEW OF TRANSACTION MANAGEMENT

... (e) A schedule is a series of (possibly overlapping) transactions. (f) A blind write is when a transaction writes to an object without ever reading the object. (g) A dirty read occurs when a transaction reads a database object that has been modified by another not-yet-committed transaction. (h) An un ...
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Commitment ordering

Commitment ordering (CO) is a class of interoperable serializability techniques in concurrency control of databases, transaction processing, and related applications. It allows optimistic (non-blocking) implementations. With the proliferation of multi-core processors, CO has been also increasingly utilized in concurrent programming, transactional memory, and especially in software transactional memory (STM) for achieving serializability optimistically. CO is also the name of the resulting transaction schedule (history) property, which was originally defined in 1988 with the name dynamic atomicity. In a CO compliant schedule the chronological order of commitment events of transactions is compatible with the precedence order of the respective transactions. CO is a broad special case of conflict serializability, and effective means (reliable, high-performance, distributed, and scalable) to achieve global serializability (modular serializability) across any collection of database systems that possibly use different concurrency control mechanisms (CO also makes each system serializability compliant, if not already).Each not-CO-compliant database system is augmented with a CO component (the commitment order coordinator—COCO) which orders the commitment events for CO compliance, with neither data-access nor any other transaction operation interference. As such CO provides a low overhead, general solution for global serializability (and distributed serializability), instrumental for global concurrency control (and distributed concurrency control) of multi database systems and other transactional objects, possibly highly distributed (e.g., within cloud computing, grid computing, and networks of smartphones). An atomic commitment protocol (ACP; of any type) is a fundamental part of the solution, utilized to break global cycles in the conflict (precedence, serializability) graph. CO is the most general property (a necessary condition) that guarantees global serializability, if the database systems involved do not share concurrency control information beyond atomic commitment protocol (unmodified) messages, and have no knowledge whether transactions are global or local (the database systems are autonomous). Thus CO (with its variants) is the only general technique that does not require the typically costly distribution of local concurrency control information (e.g., local precedence relations, locks, timestamps, or tickets). It generalizes the popular strong strict two-phase locking (SS2PL) property, which in conjunction with the two-phase commit protocol (2PC) is the de facto standard to achieve global serializability across (SS2PL based) database systems. As a result CO compliant database systems (with any, different concurrency control types) can transparently join such SS2PL based solutions for global serializability.In addition, locking based global deadlocks are resolved automatically in a CO based multi-database environment, an important side-benefit (including the special case of a completely SS2PL based environment; a previously unnoticed fact for SS2PL).Furthermore, strict commitment ordering (SCO; Raz 1991c), the intersection of Strictness and CO, provides better performance (shorter average transaction completion time and resulting better transaction throughput) than SS2PL whenever read-write conflicts are present (identical blocking behavior for write-read and write-write conflicts; comparable locking overhead). The advantage of SCO is especially significant during lock contention. Strictness allows both SS2PL and SCO to use the same effective database recovery mechanisms.Two major generalizing variants of CO exist, extended CO (ECO; Raz 1993a) and multi-version CO (MVCO; Raz 1993b). They as well provide global serializability without local concurrency control information distribution, can be combined with any relevant concurrency control, and allow optimistic (non-blocking) implementations. Both use additional information for relaxing CO constraints and achieving better concurrency and performance. Vote ordering (VO or Generalized CO (GCO); Raz 2009) is a container schedule set (property) and technique for CO and all its variants. Local VO is a necessary condition for guaranteeing global serializability, if the atomic commitment protocol (ACP) participants do not share concurrency control information (have the generalized autonomy property). CO and its variants inter-operate transparently, guaranteeing global serializability and automatic global deadlock resolution also together in a mixed, heterogeneous environment with different variants.
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