Articles Mortality risk among sulfonylureas: a systematic review and
... safety, sulfonylureas remain the most commonly used second-line oral antidiabetic drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes when metformin monotherapy does not successfully control blood glucose or is contraindicated.30–33 Regardless of the mechanism, assessment of whether the risk of adverse cardiovas ...
... safety, sulfonylureas remain the most commonly used second-line oral antidiabetic drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes when metformin monotherapy does not successfully control blood glucose or is contraindicated.30–33 Regardless of the mechanism, assessment of whether the risk of adverse cardiovas ...
Name of presentation
... “J point” should be within 0.2 mV of baseline in dogs Should be on baseline in cats • Between QRS and T waves • Elevation or depression means regional myocardial hypoxia • Myocardial infarction not as common in dogs and cats as in people – Can see in cats with HCM ...
... “J point” should be within 0.2 mV of baseline in dogs Should be on baseline in cats • Between QRS and T waves • Elevation or depression means regional myocardial hypoxia • Myocardial infarction not as common in dogs and cats as in people – Can see in cats with HCM ...
cardiac arrhythmias and left ventricular hypertrophy in systemic
... Background: Hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is associated with increased risk of arrhythmias and mortality. Objective was to investigate the prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias and LVH in systemic hypertension. Methods: In all subjects blood pressure was measured, electrocardiography a ...
... Background: Hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is associated with increased risk of arrhythmias and mortality. Objective was to investigate the prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias and LVH in systemic hypertension. Methods: In all subjects blood pressure was measured, electrocardiography a ...
The Changing Paradigm of Hypertension:
... during the day, being influenced by factors such as stress (particularly at school, work), smoking, caffeine intake, natural circadian variation, and exercise. • Thus, multiple readings should be taken to determine the average level. ...
... during the day, being influenced by factors such as stress (particularly at school, work), smoking, caffeine intake, natural circadian variation, and exercise. • Thus, multiple readings should be taken to determine the average level. ...
Corrected Transposition of the Great Vessels without Associated
... the onset of complete heart block, congestive failure is often superimposed and may be the cause of death. Berben and Adicoffls have reported two cases of corrected transposition without associated defects who developed complete heart block in their mid 30's. In one of these cases, despite an artifi ...
... the onset of complete heart block, congestive failure is often superimposed and may be the cause of death. Berben and Adicoffls have reported two cases of corrected transposition without associated defects who developed complete heart block in their mid 30's. In one of these cases, despite an artifi ...
Pediatric cardiac surgery without homologous blood transfusion
... were no correlations between the hematocrit level and the dose of dopamine at separation from CPB (Pearson correlation coefficient ⫽ 0.20; P ⫽ .10). Twenty-five of 70 (35.7%) patients received a transfusion during their operation or stay in the intensive care unit. Of the 25 patients who received a ...
... were no correlations between the hematocrit level and the dose of dopamine at separation from CPB (Pearson correlation coefficient ⫽ 0.20; P ⫽ .10). Twenty-five of 70 (35.7%) patients received a transfusion during their operation or stay in the intensive care unit. Of the 25 patients who received a ...
ancient times to Aristotle. The thorax in history 1. From
... centre of consciousness and the senses became characteristic of that school. During the sixth century BC other medical schools were also developing in Sicily, for example, and at Cnidos and Cos. The influence of Empedocles was felt in the Sicilian school, and it was consequently maintained by the Si ...
... centre of consciousness and the senses became characteristic of that school. During the sixth century BC other medical schools were also developing in Sicily, for example, and at Cnidos and Cos. The influence of Empedocles was felt in the Sicilian school, and it was consequently maintained by the Si ...
Myocyte hypertrophy and apoptosis: a balancing act
... Fig. 1. Two major apoptotic pathways are active in mammalian cells, including the cardiac muscle cell. The mitochondrial death pathway is used extensively in response to extracellular cues and internal insults such as DNA damage. These diverse response pathways converge on mitochondria, often throug ...
... Fig. 1. Two major apoptotic pathways are active in mammalian cells, including the cardiac muscle cell. The mitochondrial death pathway is used extensively in response to extracellular cues and internal insults such as DNA damage. These diverse response pathways converge on mitochondria, often throug ...
Sustained ventricular tachycardia in structural heart disease
... indicates VT. Identification of an R wave in a VR lead as diagnostic of VT matches older concepts in that extreme right axis deviation (between –90° and –180°) is unlikely produced by a conducted beat and suggests a ventricular origin. Another useful clue is to compare the QRS morphology during SR a ...
... indicates VT. Identification of an R wave in a VR lead as diagnostic of VT matches older concepts in that extreme right axis deviation (between –90° and –180°) is unlikely produced by a conducted beat and suggests a ventricular origin. Another useful clue is to compare the QRS morphology during SR a ...
Study Guide Respiratory-Circulatory Test 09 - WW
... 3. How does the blood flow through the heart? To the lungs? To the body? Be able to identify the parts of the heart. 4. How does each Human Body System interact with each other? For example, how does the circulatory system relate to the respiratory system? Circulatory to muscular, circulatory to etc ...
... 3. How does the blood flow through the heart? To the lungs? To the body? Be able to identify the parts of the heart. 4. How does each Human Body System interact with each other? For example, how does the circulatory system relate to the respiratory system? Circulatory to muscular, circulatory to etc ...
Development of cardiac conduction system in mammals with a focus
... contact with the surrounding working myocardium and helps to assure rapid impulse propagation through these cable-like structures. It was suggested recently that at least part of this insulation is due to immigrant cardiac neural crest cells (Nakamura et al. 2006, Gurjarpadhye et al. 2007). The arra ...
... contact with the surrounding working myocardium and helps to assure rapid impulse propagation through these cable-like structures. It was suggested recently that at least part of this insulation is due to immigrant cardiac neural crest cells (Nakamura et al. 2006, Gurjarpadhye et al. 2007). The arra ...
applications of nuclear magnetic resonance to
... sequence is repeated. Corrections can be employed when using more rapid waiting periods if the for each resonance is known. “Saturation factors” can be determined from the ratios of the intensities of the fully relaxed spectra as compared with a more rapid sampling rate (Figure 7). The attraction of ...
... sequence is repeated. Corrections can be employed when using more rapid waiting periods if the for each resonance is known. “Saturation factors” can be determined from the ratios of the intensities of the fully relaxed spectra as compared with a more rapid sampling rate (Figure 7). The attraction of ...
Frog Heart Experiment
... of extracting both the tension (force) before contraction and the peak force of the contraction so make sure the signal quality is adequate for these measurements. 2. Move the pan a few millimeters further away from the transducer so that it increases tension on the heart slightly. Again, record a 5 ...
... of extracting both the tension (force) before contraction and the peak force of the contraction so make sure the signal quality is adequate for these measurements. 2. Move the pan a few millimeters further away from the transducer so that it increases tension on the heart slightly. Again, record a 5 ...
Feline Systemic Hypertension
... Feline hypertension has three generally recognized causes: idiopathic, stress-induced or related, and underlying disease.2,3 In humans, idiopathic (primary) hypertension accounts for at least 95% of cases.4 In animals, idiopathic hypertension may be less common or nonexistent.3,5 Idiopathic hyperten ...
... Feline hypertension has three generally recognized causes: idiopathic, stress-induced or related, and underlying disease.2,3 In humans, idiopathic (primary) hypertension accounts for at least 95% of cases.4 In animals, idiopathic hypertension may be less common or nonexistent.3,5 Idiopathic hyperten ...
Physical activity and exercise management for the older adult with
... Lack of physical activity is an independent risk factor and contributes to risk reduction in many of the other risk factors. Physical activity is defined as any human movement above resting state. It is the total volume of physical activity as influenced by the size of muscle mass engaged and the i ...
... Lack of physical activity is an independent risk factor and contributes to risk reduction in many of the other risk factors. Physical activity is defined as any human movement above resting state. It is the total volume of physical activity as influenced by the size of muscle mass engaged and the i ...
Surface ECG Markers may Predict Impending Atrial Fibrillation after
... atrial fibrillation. Additionally, poor signal quality in the majority of the recordings precluded their use, resulting in few patients suitable for analysis. Together, these issues prevented us from analyzing larger number of patients. In the future, this problem can be addressed by appropriate eng ...
... atrial fibrillation. Additionally, poor signal quality in the majority of the recordings precluded their use, resulting in few patients suitable for analysis. Together, these issues prevented us from analyzing larger number of patients. In the future, this problem can be addressed by appropriate eng ...
Intrinsic Conduction System
... Ectopic focus – abnormal overly excitable area begins to depolarizes faster than the SA node Can lead to a premature heartbeat (extrasystole) and/or accelerated heart rate ...
... Ectopic focus – abnormal overly excitable area begins to depolarizes faster than the SA node Can lead to a premature heartbeat (extrasystole) and/or accelerated heart rate ...
3. ECG ANALYSIS 3.1. Heartbeat
... the spontaneous activity of SA node is disturbed its function is replaced by the activity of atrioventricular (AV) node – nodal rhythm. The complete failure of conduction between the atria and ventricles leads to the complete independence of the atrial and ventricular electric activity. The atria ar ...
... the spontaneous activity of SA node is disturbed its function is replaced by the activity of atrioventricular (AV) node – nodal rhythm. The complete failure of conduction between the atria and ventricles leads to the complete independence of the atrial and ventricular electric activity. The atria ar ...
the role of fatty acid oxidation in cardiac ischemia and reperfusion
... required by glucose metabolism to produce the same amount of ATP. ATP produced by fatty acid metabolism or glucose oxidation is depenMETABOLIC CHANGES IN ISCHEMIA AND REPERFUSION dent on the presence of oxygen. On the other hand, Although we know that the metabolic pathways durATP produced via glyco ...
... required by glucose metabolism to produce the same amount of ATP. ATP produced by fatty acid metabolism or glucose oxidation is depenMETABOLIC CHANGES IN ISCHEMIA AND REPERFUSION dent on the presence of oxygen. On the other hand, Although we know that the metabolic pathways durATP produced via glyco ...
Resting Heart Rate Is a Risk Factor for Mortality in Chronic
... dysfunction and risk factor for cardiovascular events. The relation between resting heart rate and respiratory mortality is probably overestimated. Previous studies showed overestimation of COPD as the cause of death mentioned on death certificates [22]. An effect that certainly is even stronger whe ...
... dysfunction and risk factor for cardiovascular events. The relation between resting heart rate and respiratory mortality is probably overestimated. Previous studies showed overestimation of COPD as the cause of death mentioned on death certificates [22]. An effect that certainly is even stronger whe ...
The analysis of case cohort design in the
... 3.Barlow WE, Ichikawa L, Rosner D, and Izumi S. Analysis of casecohort designs. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 52: 1165-1172, 1999. 4.Borgan O, Goldstein L, and Langholz B. Methods for the analysis of sampled cohort data in the Cox proportional hazards model. Annals of ...
... 3.Barlow WE, Ichikawa L, Rosner D, and Izumi S. Analysis of casecohort designs. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 52: 1165-1172, 1999. 4.Borgan O, Goldstein L, and Langholz B. Methods for the analysis of sampled cohort data in the Cox proportional hazards model. Annals of ...
ventricular septal defect with pulmonary stenosis and - Heart
... did not appear to have been limited, and she took part in normal activities out of school hours without distress. At the age of 14 she had suffered from fainting attacks, but these were not related to exertion. She had never been cyanosed. There was no history of rheumatic fever. When first seen in ...
... did not appear to have been limited, and she took part in normal activities out of school hours without distress. At the age of 14 she had suffered from fainting attacks, but these were not related to exertion. She had never been cyanosed. There was no history of rheumatic fever. When first seen in ...
Labkomp_Auskultation-bloodpressure - Ping Pong
... compensating for the decreased blood pressure that occurs when changing position from supine to standing not are enough and in some cases there is no increase in heart rate. This can be seen in elderly individuals as a result of treatment with pharmaceutical agents that block the sympathetic system, ...
... compensating for the decreased blood pressure that occurs when changing position from supine to standing not are enough and in some cases there is no increase in heart rate. This can be seen in elderly individuals as a result of treatment with pharmaceutical agents that block the sympathetic system, ...
Diastolic heart failure: diagnosis and therapy
... identified as a clinical entity. It is considered to account for at least 50% of all heart failure cases and be responsible for the majority of heart failure hospital admissions. Its incidence will only increase in the coming years as the population ages [2]. Heart failure with preserved ejection fr ...
... identified as a clinical entity. It is considered to account for at least 50% of all heart failure cases and be responsible for the majority of heart failure hospital admissions. Its incidence will only increase in the coming years as the population ages [2]. Heart failure with preserved ejection fr ...
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to complete blockage of a coronary artery. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.Aspirin is an appropriate immediate treatment for a suspected MI. Nitroglycerin or opioids may be used to help with chest pain; however, they do not improve overall outcomes. Supplemental oxygen should be used in those with low oxygen levels or shortness of breath. In ST elevation MIs treatments which attempt to restore blood flow to the heart are typically recommended and include angioplasty, where the arteries are pushed open, or thrombolysis, where the blockage is removed using medications. People who have a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are often managed with the blood thinner heparin, with the additional use angioplasty in those at high risk. In people with blockages of multiple coronary arteries and diabetes, bypass surgery (CABG) may be recommended rather than angioplasty. After an MI, lifestyle modifications, along with long term treatment with aspirin, beta blockers, and statins, are typically recommended.Worldwide, more than 3 million people have ST elevation MIs and 4 million have NSTEMIs each year. STEMIs occur about twice as often in men as women. About one million people have an MI each year in the United States. In the developed world the risk of death in those who have had an STEMI is about 10%. Rates of MI for a given age have decreased globally between 1990 and 2010.