Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Does the Type of Diabetes Matter?
... hyperinsulinemia and secondary activation of the sympathetic nervous system. Insulin increases cell growth, thus it has been suggested that cardiac hypertrophy in type 2 diabetes may result from hyperinsulinemia [21]. Some authors also argue that subclinical systolic dysfunction detectable by strain ...
... hyperinsulinemia and secondary activation of the sympathetic nervous system. Insulin increases cell growth, thus it has been suggested that cardiac hypertrophy in type 2 diabetes may result from hyperinsulinemia [21]. Some authors also argue that subclinical systolic dysfunction detectable by strain ...
Aortic Translocation with Autologous Tissue
... right ventricle together with an extension of infundibular free wall muscle, by means of a technique (Fig. 2) similar to pulmonary autograft harvesting in the Ross-Konno procedure. We took care to harvest the aortic root from the right ventricular free wall along a line that would enable a good fit ...
... right ventricle together with an extension of infundibular free wall muscle, by means of a technique (Fig. 2) similar to pulmonary autograft harvesting in the Ross-Konno procedure. We took care to harvest the aortic root from the right ventricular free wall along a line that would enable a good fit ...
Surgical and Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair for Severe Chronic
... with mild primary MR should be completed every 3 to 5 years.2 A transition to moderate or severe MR indicates disease progression but may or may not be associated with onset of noticeable symptoms, even if this results in LV dilation and dysfunction. Asymptomatic patients with moderate MR should hav ...
... with mild primary MR should be completed every 3 to 5 years.2 A transition to moderate or severe MR indicates disease progression but may or may not be associated with onset of noticeable symptoms, even if this results in LV dilation and dysfunction. Asymptomatic patients with moderate MR should hav ...
A rare cause of neonatal bradycardia: Blocked atrial bigeminal beat
... Bradycardia is defined as a heart rate below the lowest normal value adjusted for age. It is caused by intrinsic dysfunction, injury to the heart’s conduction system or by extrinsic factors acting on a normal heart and its conduction system (1). Premature atrial contractions (PACs), are a rare cau ...
... Bradycardia is defined as a heart rate below the lowest normal value adjusted for age. It is caused by intrinsic dysfunction, injury to the heart’s conduction system or by extrinsic factors acting on a normal heart and its conduction system (1). Premature atrial contractions (PACs), are a rare cau ...
Design and Implementation of ECG Monitoring and Heart
... abnormal rhythms of the heart [1], particularly abnormal rhythms caused by damage to the conductive tissue that carries electrical signals, or abnormal rhythms caused by electrolyte imbalances [2]. In a Myocardial infarction (MI), the ECG can identify if the heart muscle has been damaged in specific ...
... abnormal rhythms of the heart [1], particularly abnormal rhythms caused by damage to the conductive tissue that carries electrical signals, or abnormal rhythms caused by electrolyte imbalances [2]. In a Myocardial infarction (MI), the ECG can identify if the heart muscle has been damaged in specific ...
Every Circulation Question
... heart and circulatory system. Complete the table by selecting the statement from the list A to I below that best matches the term or structure in the table. The first one has been done for you. You may use each letter once, more than once or not at all. term or structure ...
... heart and circulatory system. Complete the table by selecting the statement from the list A to I below that best matches the term or structure in the table. The first one has been done for you. You may use each letter once, more than once or not at all. term or structure ...
CRT-D - Medtronic
... implants such as pacemakers, ICDs, and accompanying leads should not receive diathermy treatment. The interaction between the implant and diathermy can cause tissue damage, fibrillation, or damage to the device components, which could result in serious injury, loss of therapy, or the need to reprogr ...
... implants such as pacemakers, ICDs, and accompanying leads should not receive diathermy treatment. The interaction between the implant and diathermy can cause tissue damage, fibrillation, or damage to the device components, which could result in serious injury, loss of therapy, or the need to reprogr ...
OMM 15, 16- DDx of SOB DDx for Shortness Of Breath Shortness of
... You can group ddx by systems or mnemonic Most cases of dyspnea are due to cardiac or pulmonary disease, which is readily identified with a careful history and physical examination. Simple in office testing/evaluation can help formulate a diagnosis When diagnosis is still not known may requir ...
... You can group ddx by systems or mnemonic Most cases of dyspnea are due to cardiac or pulmonary disease, which is readily identified with a careful history and physical examination. Simple in office testing/evaluation can help formulate a diagnosis When diagnosis is still not known may requir ...
Cardiac Screening before Participation in Sports
... high. The so-called modern standards for interpretation of ECG that have been developed by consensus groups may or may not apply to young athletes. Proper use of the history and physical examination is essential. AHA recommendations propose a comprehensive history and physical examination with 8 his ...
... high. The so-called modern standards for interpretation of ECG that have been developed by consensus groups may or may not apply to young athletes. Proper use of the history and physical examination is essential. AHA recommendations propose a comprehensive history and physical examination with 8 his ...
Echocardiological Assessment of Diastolic Dysfunction using the Vevo
... Diastolic dysfunction is a disturbance in the filling of the left ventricle, therefore one of the most important images to acquire in monitoring this disease is Pulsed Wave Doppler on the mitral valve. This image is typically acquired from a modified apical four chamber view. There are numerous meas ...
... Diastolic dysfunction is a disturbance in the filling of the left ventricle, therefore one of the most important images to acquire in monitoring this disease is Pulsed Wave Doppler on the mitral valve. This image is typically acquired from a modified apical four chamber view. There are numerous meas ...
03/08 Sudden Death in Athlete
... • Cardiac arrest is an unusual first presentation of adult congenital heart disease as most are symptomatic and therefore diagnosed before SCD. • Adult congenital heart disease may be diagnosed by echo, cardiac CT, or MRI. • Cardiac MRI currently offers the best definition of the complex anatomy of ...
... • Cardiac arrest is an unusual first presentation of adult congenital heart disease as most are symptomatic and therefore diagnosed before SCD. • Adult congenital heart disease may be diagnosed by echo, cardiac CT, or MRI. • Cardiac MRI currently offers the best definition of the complex anatomy of ...
Nitroglycerin increases venous return but reduces CVP: a preload
... does not depend on the operation of the heart. In humans this pressure is close to 7 mmHg. It can be measured in the vessels when all circulation is stopped and both arterial and venous pressures have reached equilibrium. This technique was used by Guyton during his experiments in dogs, where he use ...
... does not depend on the operation of the heart. In humans this pressure is close to 7 mmHg. It can be measured in the vessels when all circulation is stopped and both arterial and venous pressures have reached equilibrium. This technique was used by Guyton during his experiments in dogs, where he use ...
Anomalous Origin of the Left Coronary Artery from the Right
... Sites of anomalous origin of the coronary artery from the pulmonary arterial tree vary and may include the right sinus, the left sinus, and yet the anterior and posterior sinuses, depending on the position of the pulmonary trunk 17. In addition to these more usual positions, the origin may be the le ...
... Sites of anomalous origin of the coronary artery from the pulmonary arterial tree vary and may include the right sinus, the left sinus, and yet the anterior and posterior sinuses, depending on the position of the pulmonary trunk 17. In addition to these more usual positions, the origin may be the le ...
Regulation of Human Heart Rate
... of this lesson plan for educational use only. Questions, Observations, and Information: You are a vertebrate. Vertebrates have a backbone (as little as cartilage covering their brain and running along the central nerve cord like lamprey or heavily armored with an internal skeleton and skin bones, li ...
... of this lesson plan for educational use only. Questions, Observations, and Information: You are a vertebrate. Vertebrates have a backbone (as little as cartilage covering their brain and running along the central nerve cord like lamprey or heavily armored with an internal skeleton and skin bones, li ...
Mitochondrial DNA is a danger to the heart
... remains a deadly disease1. Although there is evidence that the post-infarction inflammatory response is maladaptive2, it is currently not a target for treatment. Improved fundamental understanding of the innate immune response that acute myocardial infarction holds the promise of better therapy. Isc ...
... remains a deadly disease1. Although there is evidence that the post-infarction inflammatory response is maladaptive2, it is currently not a target for treatment. Improved fundamental understanding of the innate immune response that acute myocardial infarction holds the promise of better therapy. Isc ...
PDF - Cardiovascular Ultrasound
... = 0.15) (Figure 3). Several other significant relations were noted between PCWP and LA volume indexed (r = 0.38; p < 0.01), LA area (r = 0.33; p = 0.021), LV end-diastolic volume (r = 0.23; p = 0.05) and Doppler (mitral E: r = 0.40, p < 0.01; mitral E/A ratio: r = 0.52, p < 0.001) measurements. To b ...
... = 0.15) (Figure 3). Several other significant relations were noted between PCWP and LA volume indexed (r = 0.38; p < 0.01), LA area (r = 0.33; p = 0.021), LV end-diastolic volume (r = 0.23; p = 0.05) and Doppler (mitral E: r = 0.40, p < 0.01; mitral E/A ratio: r = 0.52, p < 0.001) measurements. To b ...
Cardiac Memory and Review
... and epicardial vs endocardial impulse initiation) likely account for the contrasting observations, although species variability also may be an issue. The mechanisms determin- ...
... and epicardial vs endocardial impulse initiation) likely account for the contrasting observations, although species variability also may be an issue. The mechanisms determin- ...
Atrial Fibrillation: Newer Strategies in Treatment and Anticoagulation
... • A higher thromboembolic risk increases the importance of minimizing the interval without anticoagulation. • Estimate thromboembolic risk for patients with atrial fibrillation based on age and comorbidities. • If thromboembolic risk is transiently increased (eg, recent ...
... • A higher thromboembolic risk increases the importance of minimizing the interval without anticoagulation. • Estimate thromboembolic risk for patients with atrial fibrillation based on age and comorbidities. • If thromboembolic risk is transiently increased (eg, recent ...
Cardiovascular Physiology Of Fish
... In adult fishes, as in other vertebrates, the cardiovascular system is critical to performance and survival because it ensures adequate oxygen and nutrient delivery to the tissues, and removes carbon dioxide and other metabolic wastes. Fish cardiovascular morphology/physiology has been an extremely ...
... In adult fishes, as in other vertebrates, the cardiovascular system is critical to performance and survival because it ensures adequate oxygen and nutrient delivery to the tissues, and removes carbon dioxide and other metabolic wastes. Fish cardiovascular morphology/physiology has been an extremely ...
CARDIAC PACEMAKERS
... On ECG: pauses longer than the normal pacing interval are present Often, electrical artifact is seen Deprived of pacing, the patient suffers ...
... On ECG: pauses longer than the normal pacing interval are present Often, electrical artifact is seen Deprived of pacing, the patient suffers ...
Duke Children’s Heart Program: A guide to our services
... of pediatric cardiac specialists stands by in cases of infants at high risk for being critically ill at delivery due to complex heart disease—enabling the team to treat the most serious problems in the OR immediately after birth. Infants are then allowed to recover enough to proceed to full surgical ...
... of pediatric cardiac specialists stands by in cases of infants at high risk for being critically ill at delivery due to complex heart disease—enabling the team to treat the most serious problems in the OR immediately after birth. Infants are then allowed to recover enough to proceed to full surgical ...
FYZ/ZAA11
... Demonstration of venous valves. Effect of gravity on the content of the blood in the veins. Introduction to practical training : Electrocardiography (ECG), the genesis of the ECG. Exercise: recording and evaluation of ECG calculation of average heart rate construction of the electrical hea ...
... Demonstration of venous valves. Effect of gravity on the content of the blood in the veins. Introduction to practical training : Electrocardiography (ECG), the genesis of the ECG. Exercise: recording and evaluation of ECG calculation of average heart rate construction of the electrical hea ...
QT and corrected QT parameters in non
... triglycerides and decreased high density lipoprotein concentration.[6] Therefore, PCOS may be related to an increased cardiovascular disease risk. PCOS women are found to have several cardiovascular risk factors. The QTc interval duration, which gives ventricular repolarization is related to cardiac ...
... triglycerides and decreased high density lipoprotein concentration.[6] Therefore, PCOS may be related to an increased cardiovascular disease risk. PCOS women are found to have several cardiovascular risk factors. The QTc interval duration, which gives ventricular repolarization is related to cardiac ...
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to complete blockage of a coronary artery. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.Aspirin is an appropriate immediate treatment for a suspected MI. Nitroglycerin or opioids may be used to help with chest pain; however, they do not improve overall outcomes. Supplemental oxygen should be used in those with low oxygen levels or shortness of breath. In ST elevation MIs treatments which attempt to restore blood flow to the heart are typically recommended and include angioplasty, where the arteries are pushed open, or thrombolysis, where the blockage is removed using medications. People who have a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are often managed with the blood thinner heparin, with the additional use angioplasty in those at high risk. In people with blockages of multiple coronary arteries and diabetes, bypass surgery (CABG) may be recommended rather than angioplasty. After an MI, lifestyle modifications, along with long term treatment with aspirin, beta blockers, and statins, are typically recommended.Worldwide, more than 3 million people have ST elevation MIs and 4 million have NSTEMIs each year. STEMIs occur about twice as often in men as women. About one million people have an MI each year in the United States. In the developed world the risk of death in those who have had an STEMI is about 10%. Rates of MI for a given age have decreased globally between 1990 and 2010.