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RAS revascularization review DR SHERIF
RAS revascularization review DR SHERIF

... • “competing risk” from other manifestations of atherosclerosis • Renal artery disease primarily reflects the burden of atherosclerotic disease elsewhere Uzzo RG, Novick AC et al. Medical versus surgical management of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis. Transplantation Proc 2002;34:723–5. ...
MODULATION OF OUTPUT FROM AN ISOLATED GASTROPOD
MODULATION OF OUTPUT FROM AN ISOLATED GASTROPOD

... results should be treated with caution. At lO^molF 1 the heart was arrested, but reversibly (as shown in the bottom traces of Fig. 4). The results in Fig. 4 all come from the same preparation and do not show an aftereffect, as the heart was perfused with a high concentration of acetylcholine (10~6 m ...
Relation Between Left Ventricular Diastolic Pressure and Myocardial
Relation Between Left Ventricular Diastolic Pressure and Myocardial

... employed to plot left ventricular pressuremyocardial segment length curves. These will be referred to as pressure-length curves. Results The first 16 experiments attempted were devoted to modifying the apparatus and gaining experience in its use. The results reported are those obtained from the subs ...
Atrial Fibrillation in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Atrial Fibrillation in Acute Myocardial Infarction

... Results: Among the 60 patients 33 (55%) had inferior wall myocardial infarction and 27 (45%) patients had anterior wall myocardial infarction. In patients with inferior wall myocardial infarction the onset of atrial fibrillation occurred within 24 hours in 30 (91%) patients, after 24 hour in 3 (9%) ...
The Role of Adrenal Medullary Catecholamines in
The Role of Adrenal Medullary Catecholamines in

... antihypertensive therapy reduced the incidence of cerebrovascular accidents but have failed to show any corresponding benefit in coronary heart disease [59-611. In the recent MR FIT TRIAL [62], hypertensive men with initial ECG abnormalities had a higher coronary heart disease mortality (+ 65%) and ...
Circulation: Heart Failure Topic Review
Circulation: Heart Failure Topic Review

... characteristics, quality of care, and outcomes between Hispanic and non-Hispanic whites hospitalized for HF stratified by EF. The authors also evaluated temporal trends in adherence to process-of-care measures for both groups. From 247 participating hospitals from 2005– 2009, 6117 Hispanics were com ...
Increasing myocardial contraction and blood pressure in - AJP
Increasing myocardial contraction and blood pressure in - AJP

... genetically engineered mice, is still incompletely characterized. Most notably, developmental changes in left ventricular (LV) dimensions and mass, heart rate (HR), blood pressure, and contractility of ventricular myocytes need to be further evaluated. It was the primary aim of this study to check f ...
Heart Failure - Fort Sanders Regional Medical Center
Heart Failure - Fort Sanders Regional Medical Center

... treatment protocol established. If the heart failure is caused by a valve disorder, then surgery is usually performed. If the heart failure is caused by a disease, such as anemia, then the disease is treated. And, although there is no cure for heart failure due to a damaged heart muscle, many forms ...
Biventricular Pacemakers (Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy) for
Biventricular Pacemakers (Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy) for

... there are improvements in mortality, functional status, and quality of life. As a result, CRT treatment may be considered medically necessary for patients with NYHA class III/IV heart failure when criteria are met. For patients with milder heart failure, randomized controlled trial (RCT) evidence fr ...
Jump up
Jump up

... The period of intense exercise and subsequent recovery is associated with about a six-fold higher MI rate (compared with other more relaxed time frames) for people who are very physically fit.[citation needed] For those in poor physical condition, the rate differential is over 35-fold higher.[citati ...
Biventricular Pacemakers (Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy) for
Biventricular Pacemakers (Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy) for

... there are improvements in mortality, functional status, and quality of life. As a result, CRT treatment may be considered medically necessary for patients with NYHA class III/IV heart failure when criteria are met. For patients with milder heart failure, randomized controlled trial (RCT) evidence fr ...
emergency medical services management of st-elevation
emergency medical services management of st-elevation

... rather than the ideal time frame.47 Moreover, recent evidence suggests that acceptable reperfusion delay (i.e., the difference between time to balloon and time to drug) varies considerably depending on patient age, symptom duration, and infarct location.48 Fibrinolytic therapy may be preferred in pa ...
Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation: Is There a
Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation: Is There a

... Perioperative cardiovascular complications resulting from non-cardiac surgery are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Using a step-wise approach and selective cardiac testing, those at highest risk of cardiovascular complications can be identified and offered medical therapy and revascula ...
Arrhythmic risk stratification of post–myocardial infarction patients
Arrhythmic risk stratification of post–myocardial infarction patients

... evaluating frequency and complexity of premature ventricular contractions, detected on Holter monitoring, often in association with determination of percent ejection fraction. This methodology has been proven to be limited and fallacious according to the Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial I and II ...
Jemds.com
Jemds.com

... considered to be significant and P value <0.001 was considered highly significant and P value >0.05 considered to be insignificant. Demographic variables (Age,sex ,weight in kg ) were comparable between the two groups with the P value remaining insignifanct when comparison done between two groups; a ...
physical and flow properties of blood
physical and flow properties of blood

... removal of waste products. The discovery of the circulation of blood in the human body is related to William Harvey (1578–1657). The circulatory system consists of the heart—the pump that generates the pressure gradients needed to drive blood to all body tissues, the blood vessels—the delivery route ...
Flow-generating capability of the isolated skeletal muscle pump
Flow-generating capability of the isolated skeletal muscle pump

... this way, the vascular system could capture a portion of the energy expended by skeletal muscle in producing the mechanical activity of contraction and relaxation and harness this energy to assist the perfusion of muscle. The finding that rhythmic contraction and relaxation of muscle at the onset of ...
Ventricular Tachycardia Catheter Ablation
Ventricular Tachycardia Catheter Ablation

...  The success rate of VT catheter ablation depends on the severity of heart disease, but in general 70% of patients have no VT recurrence after undergoing VT catheter ablation when followed for 6 months. In two-thirds of patients, the number of VT episodes is reduced by greater than 75%. Most patien ...
Isolated right ventricular dysfunction in systemic sclerosis: latent pulmonary hypertension?
Isolated right ventricular dysfunction in systemic sclerosis: latent pulmonary hypertension?

... ABSTRACT: Right ventricular function is frequently abnormal in patients with systemic sclerosis, but whether this is related to pulmonary vascular complications of the disease is unclear. Standard echocardiography with tissue Doppler imaging was performed at rest and during exercise for the study of ...
Diagnosis of Heart Failure in Adults
Diagnosis of Heart Failure in Adults

... in persons 25 to 54 years of age, 3.7 percent in persons 55 to 64 years, and 4.5 percent in persons 65 to 74 years).3 Heart failure is becoming increasingly common as the U.S. population ages and survival rates after acute myocardial infarction increase. The annual direct medical cost of caring for ...
Lower might be better – It matters how you get there, and in whom
Lower might be better – It matters how you get there, and in whom

... CTT meta-analysis. Ongoing cardiovascular outcomes trials will probably have lower RRRs than were observed in the efficacy trials since they are evaluating the effect of PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies added to background maximal statin therapy, and baseline LDL-C levels are expected to be well under 2. ...
Diastolic Heart Failure: A Concise Review
Diastolic Heart Failure: A Concise Review

... commenting that little information is available comparing the effects of different antihypertensive agents on diastolic dysfunction [37]. The Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure also discussed the high prevalence of impaired LV relaxati ...
ESC Guidelines on Acute Heart Failure ehi117 1..36 2005
ESC Guidelines on Acute Heart Failure ehi117 1..36 2005

... majority of cases. It is therefore of great importance that guidelines and recommendations are presented in formats that are easily interpreted. Subsequently, their implementation programmes must also be well conducted. Attempts have been made to determine whether guidelines improve the quality of c ...
Short-Term Effects of Hypertonic Saline Solution in Acute Heart
Short-Term Effects of Hypertonic Saline Solution in Acute Heart

... cases occur every year.2 Short-term outcomes for patients admitted to the hospital with HF have been fairly constant over the past 2 decades. In-hospital mortality remains approximately 7%, with major adverse events occurring in up to 18% of patients.3–5 Previously, we showed that relatively small p ...
Stroke PCAP 2005
Stroke PCAP 2005

... Protein C & S, Antithrombin III, Factor V Leiden mutation, Prothrombin 20210A mutation… ...
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Antihypertensive drug



Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.
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