using behavioural insights to reduce littering in the uk
... cooperation. Based on a meta-analysis of 30 research studies, Gifford & Hine (1997) identified 14 factors that promote cooperation. Among the most influential ones were communication between group members, territorialisation of resources and social values. First, when group members talked to each ot ...
... cooperation. Based on a meta-analysis of 30 research studies, Gifford & Hine (1997) identified 14 factors that promote cooperation. Among the most influential ones were communication between group members, territorialisation of resources and social values. First, when group members talked to each ot ...
OCR Document - The Laboratory of Comparative Human Cognition
... ful examination shows that not every change is a transformation. Many changes of natural and social reality carried out by people affect the ob ject externally without changing it internally. Such changes can hardly be called transformations. Transformation means changing an object internally, makin ...
... ful examination shows that not every change is a transformation. Many changes of natural and social reality carried out by people affect the ob ject externally without changing it internally. Such changes can hardly be called transformations. Transformation means changing an object internally, makin ...
An introduction to cognitive dissonance theory and an overview of
... little more than 40 years ago, Leon Festinger published A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance (1 957). Festinger’s theory of cognitive dissonance has been one of the most influential theories in social psychology (Jones, 1985). It has generated hundreds and hundreds of studies, from which much has been l ...
... little more than 40 years ago, Leon Festinger published A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance (1 957). Festinger’s theory of cognitive dissonance has been one of the most influential theories in social psychology (Jones, 1985). It has generated hundreds and hundreds of studies, from which much has been l ...
CMC and E-Learning_IBICT_2009_v2 - Ideals
... Whether it gives an advantage over old ways of doing things Whether it can be used on a trial basis ...
... Whether it gives an advantage over old ways of doing things Whether it can be used on a trial basis ...
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and the Taxonomy of the Implicit Social Mind
... Earlier research into the two-type model measured more overtly evaluative stereotypes, like wealthy vs. poor or educated vs. ignorant (Rudman et al., 2001; Judd et al., 2004). The Stereo-IAT purports to avoid this confound. A reviewer for Noûs points out, however, that while prejudice is typically c ...
... Earlier research into the two-type model measured more overtly evaluative stereotypes, like wealthy vs. poor or educated vs. ignorant (Rudman et al., 2001; Judd et al., 2004). The Stereo-IAT purports to avoid this confound. A reviewer for Noûs points out, however, that while prejudice is typically c ...
How Theories of Persuasion Apply to Marketing and
... attractiveness). This helps explain the rather counterintuitive finding that quality of the message may have little effect on persuasion in some situations, such as when motivation or ability to process the arguments is low, but other seemingly comparatively trivial variables (liking for background ...
... attractiveness). This helps explain the rather counterintuitive finding that quality of the message may have little effect on persuasion in some situations, such as when motivation or ability to process the arguments is low, but other seemingly comparatively trivial variables (liking for background ...
Prosocial Behavior and Empathy: Developmental Processes
... Mature empathy has a metacognitive dimension: one knows one’s feeling of distress results from another’s plight and how the other presumably feels. One thus has a sense of oneself and others as separate beings with independent inner states (that are only partly reflected in outward behavior), separat ...
... Mature empathy has a metacognitive dimension: one knows one’s feeling of distress results from another’s plight and how the other presumably feels. One thus has a sense of oneself and others as separate beings with independent inner states (that are only partly reflected in outward behavior), separat ...
Caught in the Cultural Lag: The Stigma of Singlehood.
... norms. For instance, Stafford and Scott (1986, p. 80) describe stigma as “a characteristic … that is contrary to a norm of a social unit,” where “norm” refers to a “shared belief that a person ought to behave in a certain way at a certain time.” According to this definition, too, singles are clearly ...
... norms. For instance, Stafford and Scott (1986, p. 80) describe stigma as “a characteristic … that is contrary to a norm of a social unit,” where “norm” refers to a “shared belief that a person ought to behave in a certain way at a certain time.” According to this definition, too, singles are clearly ...
Who Believes in a Just World?
... lengthening nose; Santa Claus makes an annual list of children who are "naughty or nice" so he can allocate presents only to the deserving. Parents often foster such beliefs as a way of shaping children's behavior. In some cases, these teachings may foster accurate perceptions of causal relationship ...
... lengthening nose; Santa Claus makes an annual list of children who are "naughty or nice" so he can allocate presents only to the deserving. Parents often foster such beliefs as a way of shaping children's behavior. In some cases, these teachings may foster accurate perceptions of causal relationship ...
Character, Attitude and Disposition
... Because an attitude’s strength is a function of the strengths of the connections between its constituent states and these connections strengthen each time they are activated, an attitude becomes stronger each time it is brought to bear on behavioural cognition. Each application of the attitude, ther ...
... Because an attitude’s strength is a function of the strengths of the connections between its constituent states and these connections strengthen each time they are activated, an attitude becomes stronger each time it is brought to bear on behavioural cognition. Each application of the attitude, ther ...
The Basic Assumptions of Intuitive Belief
... Learning was just a matter of internalizing experience according to one or another principle of learning and reward. It was not until the seminal work of Garcia (Hankins et al., 1976), Premack (Premack and Putney, 1962), and many others that the vacuity of this idea was fully realized. All animals, ...
... Learning was just a matter of internalizing experience according to one or another principle of learning and reward. It was not until the seminal work of Garcia (Hankins et al., 1976), Premack (Premack and Putney, 1962), and many others that the vacuity of this idea was fully realized. All animals, ...
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University
... used computer tasks (the visual dot probe task [VDP], MacLeod et al. 1986; approach avoidance task [AAT], Rinck and Becker 2007) to the needs of individuals with MBID by increasing the number of practice trials, minimising the number of critical trials and building in frequent breaks in between the ...
... used computer tasks (the visual dot probe task [VDP], MacLeod et al. 1986; approach avoidance task [AAT], Rinck and Becker 2007) to the needs of individuals with MBID by increasing the number of practice trials, minimising the number of critical trials and building in frequent breaks in between the ...
BCCCD 2016
... The role of referential intention and other joint attention content in a word learning: the label-object association and the shared knowledge acquisition ...
... The role of referential intention and other joint attention content in a word learning: the label-object association and the shared knowledge acquisition ...
Cognitive Dissonance Theory - Social Emotive Neuroscience Lab
... importance of, the tuition increase issue by thinking about other important values, even when these values were not personally important and thus not self-affirming. Other evidence has been presented that is difficult to interpret in self-affirmation theory terms. In more recent work testing his sel ...
... importance of, the tuition increase issue by thinking about other important values, even when these values were not personally important and thus not self-affirming. Other evidence has been presented that is difficult to interpret in self-affirmation theory terms. In more recent work testing his sel ...
FREE Sample Here - We can offer most test bank and
... 32) A social psychologist is perplexed. Is it true that birds of a feather flock together, or do opposites attract? Confronted with these two contradictory pieces of folk wisdom, what is this social psychologist most likely to do? A) Investigate the different situations in which each bit of common s ...
... 32) A social psychologist is perplexed. Is it true that birds of a feather flock together, or do opposites attract? Confronted with these two contradictory pieces of folk wisdom, what is this social psychologist most likely to do? A) Investigate the different situations in which each bit of common s ...
The relationship between confidence and accuracy
... 1994; Puncochar & Fox, 2004). This line of research has demonstrated that confidence levels tend to be poor indicators of accuracy, as students often assign equal levels to both their accurate and inaccurate answers. While students exhibit greater accuracy when they work in groups, they assign great ...
... 1994; Puncochar & Fox, 2004). This line of research has demonstrated that confidence levels tend to be poor indicators of accuracy, as students often assign equal levels to both their accurate and inaccurate answers. While students exhibit greater accuracy when they work in groups, they assign great ...
attitudes
... 1) The theory of cognitive dissonance states that when a person is confronted with inconsistencies among attitudes or behaviors, he or she will take some action to resolve this “dissonance,” perhaps by changing an attitude or modifying a behavior. 2) People seek to reduce dissonant behavior or feeli ...
... 1) The theory of cognitive dissonance states that when a person is confronted with inconsistencies among attitudes or behaviors, he or she will take some action to resolve this “dissonance,” perhaps by changing an attitude or modifying a behavior. 2) People seek to reduce dissonant behavior or feeli ...
Author`s personal copy - Labs
... utilitarian), and that arguments that address these underlying functions are more likely to be successful than those that do not. For example, Snyder and Debono (1985) demonstrated that high self-monitoring individuals, those who are particularly sensitive to the type of image they are projecting in ...
... utilitarian), and that arguments that address these underlying functions are more likely to be successful than those that do not. For example, Snyder and Debono (1985) demonstrated that high self-monitoring individuals, those who are particularly sensitive to the type of image they are projecting in ...
Albert Bandura
Albert Bandura OC (/bænˈdʊərə/; born December 4, 1925) is a psychologist who is the David Starr Jordan Professor Emeritus of Social Science in Psychology at Stanford University. For almost six decades, he has been responsible for contributions to the field of education and to many fields of psychology, including social cognitive theory, therapy and personality psychology, and was also influential in the transition between behaviorism and cognitive psychology. He is known as the originator of social learning theory and the theoretical construct of self-efficacy, and is also responsible for the influential 1961 Bobo doll experiment.Social learning theory is how people learn through observing others. An example of social learning theory would be the students imitating the teacher. Self-efficacy is ""the belief in one’s capabilities to organize and execute the courses of action required to manage prospective situations."" To paraphrase, self-efficiacy is believing in yourself to take action. The Bobo Doll Experiment was how Albert Bandura studied aggression and non-aggression in children.A 2002 survey ranked Bandura as the fourth most-frequently cited psychologist of all time, behind B. F. Skinner, Sigmund Freud, and Jean Piaget, and as the most cited living one. Bandura is widely described as the greatest living psychologist, and as one of the most influential psychologists of all time.In 1974 Bandura was elected to be the Eighty-Second President of the American Psychological Association (APA). He was one of the youngest president-elects in the history of the APA at the age of 48. Bandura served as a member of the APA Board of Scientific Affairs from 1968 to 1970 and is well known as a member of the editorial board of nine psychology journals including the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology from 1963 to 1972. At the age of 82, Bandura was awarded the Grawemeyer Award for psychology.