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BPA-2007-Neuro_Article
BPA-2007-Neuro_Article

... making disease more likely. The severity of disease can also be quite variable.  Clinical signs include nervousness, difficulty walking, paralysis, coma and sometimes death.  Animals which survive infection will become immune for life. A vaccine is available. It is expensive but should be consider ...
Causes of disease
Causes of disease

... penetrating any of an organism’s interfaces with the environment. These interfaces include the digestive and gas-exchange systems. • Pathogens cause disease by damaging the cells of the host and by producing toxins. ...
What You Need to Know about Serogroup B Meningococcal
What You Need to Know about Serogroup B Meningococcal

... Frequently Asked Questions Adolescents and young adults are at increased risk of meningococcal disease, often referred to as meningitis, a serious disease that can lead to lifelong complications and even death. The disease is caused by many different types (serogroups) of bacteria. The routinely rec ...
Vaccinations - Griffith Animal Hospital PC
Vaccinations - Griffith Animal Hospital PC

... disease that affects the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and central nervous systems. Distemper is caused by the canine distemper virus. Adenovirus Type 2 (H) - also known as Infectious Canine Hepatitis, is a viral infection caused by a member of the Adenovirus family that causes inflammation of the ...
Disease
Disease

... Hives (Urticaria) Most cases of equine hives resolve as quickly as they appear, usually within 24 to 48 hours, and the cause is never figured out. Hydrocephalus is an accumulation of fluid within the compartments of the brain, resulting in crushing of normal brain tissue. HYPP - Hyperkalemic periodi ...
GI Disorders
GI Disorders

... • Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the anal canal. This common problem can be painful, but it's usually not serious. • Veins can swell inside the anal canal to form internalhemorrhoids. Or they can swell near the opening of the anus to form external hemorrhoids. You can have both types at the same t ...
IPAC 605-15-01 INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
IPAC 605-15-01 INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL

... Streptococcus pneumoniae, or pneumococcus, is a germ (bacterium) that often causes infections, especially in children. It can cause diseases such as ear and sinus infections, pneumonia, brain swelling (meningitis) and blood infections. The disease may be very mild to very severe. How do people get d ...
Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS
Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS

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Introduction to Waterborne Pathogens

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Protect yourself from Norovirus

... The Norovirus has an incubation period of up to 48 hours during which a person can be infectious but not have any symptoms. The symptoms of the Norovirus include sudden and severe vomiting and/or diarrhoea, sometimes accompanied by a fever. The illness is self-limiting and the infected person will n ...
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Bloodborne Pathogens
Bloodborne Pathogens

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Infection Control - Women`s and Children`s Hospital

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Hepatitis and TB

Infectious Diseases
Infectious Diseases

... Infectious diseases, once thought conquered by antibiotics, became a major concern again in the 1990s. New forms of tuberculosis and other diseases resistant to antibiotics spread. Concerns also arose over new or newly recognized microbes, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the cause of acq ...
transmission of disease
transmission of disease

... It occurs by closely body contact because agent is usually killed outside the body e.g. gonorrhea, syphilis, AIDS. 4. Contact transmission (other than STDs): this occur through direct contact through skin or mucus membrane. Examples: 1) some dermatological disorders (tenea vercicolor, herpes simplex ...
can be transmitted to humans by the bite from a... through their saliva. Symptoms of human infection include
can be transmitted to humans by the bite from a... through their saliva. Symptoms of human infection include

... contracted by simply coming into contact with the animal’s feces (e.g., during cleaning of traps). Signs of infection in the animal may be non-existent. Symptoms in humans are acute gastrointestinal distress, diarrhea, nausea, fever, vomiting and abdominal pain. If you have these symptoms, please co ...
Attention Water Enthusiasts - Prevent the spread of whirling disease
Attention Water Enthusiasts - Prevent the spread of whirling disease

... ATTENTION ANGLERS • All fish and fish parts caught while fishing must be properly disposed of in ...
Viral diseases - Austin Community College
Viral diseases - Austin Community College

... commonly (and now very rarely in countries where blood is screened for HIV antibodies), through transfusions of infected blood or blood clotting factors. Babies born to HIV-infected women may become infected before or during birth or through breast-feeding after birth. • In the health care setting, ...
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

... o Annual incidence, 2.2 cases per million persons, most commonly fatal rickettsial disease in the U.S.  56% from North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Oklahoma, and Arkansas  Few cases in Rocky Mountain area  90%–93% of reported cases April – September  Males at higher risk due to increased ...
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus

... saliva, feces, blood, or nesting materials of infected natural host, Mus musculus complex (the habitat of Mus m. musculus spans from Central Europe, east to China and Japan, while the habitat of Mus m. domesticus encompasses Western Europe and the Mediterranean basin, Near-East, Americas, and Austra ...
Cleaning and Disinfecting Surfaces Contaminated with Blood
Cleaning and Disinfecting Surfaces Contaminated with Blood

... HBV, but the symptoms only occur in only 20 to 30% of infected individuals. Chronic infection that may lead to liver disease, cirrhosis or liver cancer, is expected to occur in 75 to 85% of infected individuals. The disease may be treated but not cured with anti-viral drugs. There is no HCV vaccine. ...
Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP)
Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP)

... 2. Non‐effusive (Dry) Form – Characterized by the build up of pussy nodules in any body system or organ.  This  makes diagnosis very difficult because symptoms depend on which body organ is affected.    Is  there a test for it?  No, we rely on clinical signs, laboratory data and history to diagnose  ...
Epstein-Barr Viral Hepatitis: An Unusual Case of Scleral
Epstein-Barr Viral Hepatitis: An Unusual Case of Scleral

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Leptospirosis



Leptospirosis (also known as field fever, rat catcher's yellows, and pretibial fever among others names) is an infection caused by corkscrew-shaped bacteria called Leptospira. Symptoms can range from none to mild such as headaches, muscle pains, and fevers; to severe with bleeding from the lungs or meningitis. If the infection causes the person to turn yellow, have kidney failure and bleeding, it is then known as Weil's disease. If it causes lots of bleeding from the lungs it is known as severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome.Up to 13 different genetic types of Leptospira may cause disease in humans. It is transmitted by both wild and domestic animals. The most common animals that spread the disease are rodents. It is often transmitted by animal urine or by water or soil containing animal urine coming into contact with breaks in the skin, eyes, mouth, or nose. In the developing world the disease most commonly occurs in farmers and poor people who live in cities. In the developed world it most commonly occurs in those involved in outdoor activities in warm and wet areas of the world. Diagnosis is typically by looking for antibodies against the bacteria or finding its DNA in the blood.Efforts to prevent the disease include protective equipment to prevent contact when working with potentially infected animals, washing after this contact, and reducing rodents in areas people live and work. The antibiotic doxycycline, when used in an effort to prevent infection among travellers, is of unclear benefit. Vaccines for animals exist for certain type of Leptospira which may decrease the risk of spread to humans. Treatment if infected is with antibiotics such as: doxycycline, penicillin, or ceftriaxone. Weil's disease and severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome result in death rates greater than 10% and 50%, respectively, even with treatment.It is estimated that seven to ten million people are infected by leptospirosis a year. The number of deaths this causes is not clear. The disease is most common in tropical areas of the world but may occur anywhere. Outbreaks may occur in slums of the developing world. The disease was first described by Weil in 1886 in Germany. Animals who are infected may have no symptoms, mild symptoms, or severe symptoms. Symptoms may vary by the type of animal. In some animals Leptospira live in the reproductive tract, leading to transmission during mating.
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