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pruitt_ppt_ch07
pruitt_ppt_ch07

... – Compare base-by-base sequences of DNA • Any group of individuals have DNA sequences that are 99.9% identical regardless or origin or ethnicity. • Points in DNA sequence where the sequences are not identical between two or more individuals are called single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) ...
Document
Document

... iii. Has anyone ever been born without an X chromosome? ______ 11. What is the purpose of a karyotype? a. List 3 things a karyotype shows? b. What does homologous chromosomes mean? 12. Human gametes contain ______ autosomes and ______ sex chromosomes each. 13. In pedigrees, males are drawn as a ____ ...
News in DNA/RNA electrophoresis: Midori
News in DNA/RNA electrophoresis: Midori

... used as a safer alternative to the traditional Ethidium Bromide stain for detecting nucleic acid in agarose gels. It is as sensitive as ethidium bromide and can be used exactly the same way in agarose gel electrophoresis (Figure 1). ...
Valhalla High School
Valhalla High School

... Using the base pairing rules, find the anticodons for the template strand. A T C G TA G C Practice: Use these top strands of DNA and convert them into two strands. ...
Chapter 8
Chapter 8

... – DNA exists as long strands of nucleotides twisted together in pairs to form double helix (two strands held together by H-bonds) – Specific base pairing two strands of DNA are complementary – Explain two primary features of biological information storage • linear sequence of bases (actual informati ...
Ch 13 Genetic Engineering
Ch 13 Genetic Engineering

... DNA becomes part of the cells DNA ...
Practice Exam II
Practice Exam II

... (red :6 pink :1 white accepted also) ...
REVIEW 5: GENETICS 1. Chromosomes
REVIEW 5: GENETICS 1. Chromosomes

... produced from that gene. This will have an effect on the way the protein works (if it still works at all). ...
Additional Slides Ch Biotech Dr Violet
Additional Slides Ch Biotech Dr Violet

... Steps of a PCR • At the completion of one cycle of replication, the reaction mixture is heated again to denature the DNA strands (of which there are now four). and the cycle of chain extension is repeated. • Thus, each newly synthesized polynucleotide can act as a template for the successive cycles ...
DNA Methylation
DNA Methylation

A-DNA
A-DNA

... of inheritance; it is a segment within a very long strand of DNA with specific instruction for the production of one specific protein. Genes located on chromosome on it's place or locus. ...
Name _________KEY___________________________
Name _________KEY___________________________

... human DNA and bacterial plasmid DNA. 2) Human gene is inserted into bacteria and the two combine. 3) The gene is cloned as bacteria reproduce. 4) Bacteria with the desired human gene are isolated to produce the protein of interest (insulin, for example). 38. Define the following terms: a. Recombinan ...
(RNA and Protein Synthesis) Section 11.4 Questions
(RNA and Protein Synthesis) Section 11.4 Questions

DNA sequencing by the Sanger method
DNA sequencing by the Sanger method

... special enzymes to synthesize fragments of DNA that terminate when a selected base appears in the stretch of DNA being sequenced. These fragments are then sorted according to size by placing them in a slab of polymeric gel and applying an electric field -- a technique called electrophoresis. Because ...
Molecular Biology Unit Notes
Molecular Biology Unit Notes

... a. frameshift muatation- occurs when the number of nucleotides inserted/deleted is not a multiple of three causing missense ending in nonsense and premature termination 4. Mutagens- physical and chemical agents that interact with DNA causing mutations ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... procedures to isolate a gene that represents as little as 1 part in a million of the genetic material in an organism. ...
which came first- the chicken (dna ) or the egg (rna)?
which came first- the chicken (dna ) or the egg (rna)?

... where life came from. With DNA, one must answer the question of where did all the information, stored within itself, come from? In other words, how could the process of natural selection or microevolution gain and pass on information to increase complexity? Today, very few scientists believe DNA cou ...
QCM2 - GIGA
QCM2 - GIGA

L2 - DNA Replication and Transcription
L2 - DNA Replication and Transcription

... molecules essential for life; however, these other materials are manufactured by the cell through reactions made possible by the specificity of enzymes (proteins) produced under the direction of DNA. ...
Chapter 13 - Angelfire
Chapter 13 - Angelfire

... • Called sticky ends because they want to bond with things due to their “open” end ...
markscheme File
markscheme File

... GU-R and SU-R individually give highest resistance, (but when combined, give the same resistance); in graph 1, GP-R and BR-R give least resistance, but in graph 2 give highest resistance / GP-R and BR-R are additive; data shows interference between BR-R and GU-R; ...
Biotechnology
Biotechnology

... nonchromosomal DNA molecules called plasmids. Plasmids usually contain between 5 and 100 genes. Plasmids are not essential for normal bacterial growth and bacteria may lose or gain them without harm Transposons (transposable elements or "jumping genes") are small pieces of DNA that encode enzymes th ...
Chapter 8 Bacterial Genetics
Chapter 8 Bacterial Genetics

Horizontal Gene Transfer
Horizontal Gene Transfer

... Transduction: bacterial DNA transferred by viruses (phage) Conjugation: DNA transfer between bacterial cells ...
Introduction and review Lecture 1: Jan. 18, 2006
Introduction and review Lecture 1: Jan. 18, 2006

... Homogentisic acid (also called alkapton) which turns black upon oxidation. ...
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DNA supercoil



DNA supercoiling refers to the over- or under-winding of a DNA strand, and is an expression of the strain on that strand. Supercoiling is important in a number of biological processes, such as compacting DNA. Additionally, certain enzymes such as topoisomerases are able to change DNA topology to facilitate functions such as DNA replication or transcription. Mathematical expressions are used to describe supercoiling by comparing different coiled states to relaxed B-form DNA.As a general rule, the DNA of most organisms is negatively supercoiled.
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