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GENERAL ZOOLOGY LECTURE EXAM 2
GENERAL ZOOLOGY LECTURE EXAM 2

... c. all will have stop codons inserted in locations where they do not belong d. all will have frameshift mutations e. none of the above will occur 9. The _______ of tRNA is ____________ to the ________ of mRNA. a. codon, identical, anticodon b. codon, complimentary, anticodon c. anticodon, identical, ...
Genetic_Meiosis Review_15
Genetic_Meiosis Review_15

... A diagram used to trace a single gene through several generations of a family ...
DNA Fingerprinting: The Code to Identification
DNA Fingerprinting: The Code to Identification

... come from different sources. However, it is possible to misinterpret the statistics. A statement that there is a tiny probability of finding a match if the accused is innocent is not the same as stating that the probability of the accused being innocent is just as minute. For example, if the probab ...
Mistakes Notes
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... Genetic Disorders A genetic disorder is an ______________ condition that an organism inherits from its parents. Genetic disorders ...
GENETIC TERMINOLOGY
GENETIC TERMINOLOGY

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... Students will learn the steps of DNA fingerprinting by creating a fingerprint in a virtual lab. They will use this fingerprint to solve a virtual crime. The virtual lab is interactive and goes through the step-by-step process of DNA fingerprinting Directions: Go to each of the websites as indicated ...
548475Review_guide_ch_5
548475Review_guide_ch_5

... 1. A human trait that is controlled by a single gene with multiple alleles is a. dimples b. blood type c. height d. skin color 2. A sex-linked disorder is a. Cystic fibrosis c. hemophilia ...
ppt - Department of Computer Science
ppt - Department of Computer Science

... Transcription is highly regulated. Most DNA is in a dense form where it cannot be transcribed.  To begin transcription requires a promoter, a small specific sequence of DNA to which polymerase can bind (~40 base pairs “upstream” of gene)  Finding these promoter regions is a partially solved proble ...
PPT: Mitosis, Meiosis, DNA, PS
PPT: Mitosis, Meiosis, DNA, PS

... – one X and one Y chromosome • The 22 pairs of chromosomes that do not determine sex are called autosomes ...
Reproduction and Genetics
Reproduction and Genetics

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... All cells in your body have the SAME DNA Only genes need by that cell are expressed. Each cell only expresses the portion of the DNA containing the genetic information for the proteins required by that cell at that time. The remainder of the DNA is not expressed Example: ...
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Mutations

... random error or change in the DNA sequence that may affect whole chromosomes or just one gene. ...
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Sample PDF

... The two coexisting alleles of an individual for each trait segregate (separate) during gamete formation so that each gamete gets only one of the two alleles. Alleles again unite at random fertilization of gametes. Law of Independent Assortment (The "Second Law") • The Law of Independent Assortment, ...
DNA and RNA are nucleic acids that carry out cellular
DNA and RNA are nucleic acids that carry out cellular

... In prokaryotes, the DNA is not enclosed in a membranous envelope, but rather free-floating within the cytoplasm. The entire genetic content of a cell is known as its genome and the study of genomes is genomics. In eukaryotic cells, but not in prokaryotes, DNA forms a complex with histone proteins to ...
ppt - Department of Plant Sciences
ppt - Department of Plant Sciences

... • The probability of finding a random site in a genome that happens to have the sequence GAATTC can be calculated: 1⁄4 x 1⁄4 x 1⁄4 x 1⁄4 x 1⁄4 x 1⁄4 = 1⁄4096 • Probability states that there will be an EcoRI cut site once every 4096 bases, purely by chance. ...
DNA and RNA are nucleic acids that carry out cellular
DNA and RNA are nucleic acids that carry out cellular

... The nitrogenous bases are organic molecules and are so named because they contain carbon and nitrogen. They are bases because they contain an amino group that has the potential of binding an extra hydrogen, and thus, decreasing the hydrogenion concentration in its environment, making it more basic. ...
國立彰化師範大學100 學年度碩士班招生考試試題
國立彰化師範大學100 學年度碩士班招生考試試題

... (C) are translated to produce basic DNA binding proteins (D) A and C are correct 16. If you want to make a genomic library with DNA fragments averaging about 45 kb in length, which vector will be most appropriate to use? (A) plasmid. (B) lamda phage (C) cosmid (D) bacteria artificial chromosome (BAC ...
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... NB: No candidate will leave the Examination Hall before the expiry of the period of at least 45 minutes of the start of the paper. 1. Write your Roll Number and specific subject B,C or D clearly in the designated space on the answer sheet and on the question paper. 2. The enclosed paper contains 2 S ...
BIOL10005: Genetics and the Evolution of Life
BIOL10005: Genetics and the Evolution of Life

... A change in the genetic material which can be passed from cell to cell or parent to offspring. A somatic mutation will occur in a somatic cell and hence will not be passed on to the next generation, compared to a germline mutation which can be passed to offspring The position of a gene on a chromoso ...
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... snRNPs are responsible for modifying the 3′ end of the mRNA. ...
BICH/GENE 431 KNOWLEDGE OBJECTIVES Chapter 9 – Mutations
BICH/GENE 431 KNOWLEDGE OBJECTIVES Chapter 9 – Mutations

... UV light causes pyrimidine dimers, such as thymine dimers Ionizing radiation (x rays, gamma rays) cause ds DNA breaks Bleomycin (anti cancer drug) causes ds breaks Base analogs – what are they? A common example is 5-bromouracil (can base pair sometimes with G) Intercalating agents – know examples; i ...
assignmentschapters16-19and11-1
assignmentschapters16-19and11-1

... would look the same and have the same function(s). For specialization to occur, some genes or gene products must be active while others are turned off or inactive. 4. In eukaryotes, gene expression or gene product expression can be controlled at several different levels. Indicate what types of contr ...
PPT2
PPT2

... • Even more sensitive is the use of genetic markers called short tandem repeats (STRs), which are variations in the number of repeats of specific DNA sequences • PCR and gel electrophoresis are used to amplify and then identify STRs of different lengths • The probability that two people who are not ...
Modeling Mutations Activity
Modeling Mutations Activity

... 9. How has the point mutation changed the polypeptide chain from the original polypeptide chain? ___________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 10. How does this show evidence that not all m ...
CDH1 Gene, Full Gene Analysis Test ID: CDH1S
CDH1 Gene, Full Gene Analysis Test ID: CDH1S

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Cell-free fetal DNA

Cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) is fetal DNA circulating freely in the maternal blood stream. It can be sampled by venipuncture on the mother. Analysis of cffDNA provides a method of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis.cffDNA originates from the trophoblasts making up the placenta. It is estimated that 2-6% of the DNA in the maternal blood is fetal in origin. The fetal DNA is fragmented and makes its way into the maternal bloodstream via shedding of the placental microparticles into the maternal bloodstream (figure 1). Studies have shown that cffDNA can first be observed as early as 7 weeks gestation, and the amount of cffDNA increases as the pregnancy progresses. cffDNA diminishes quickly after the birth of the baby, so that it is no longer detectable in the maternal blood approximately 2 hours after birth. cffDNA is significantly smaller than the maternal DNA in the bloodstream, with fragments approximately 200bp in size. Many protocols to extract the fetal DNA from the maternal plasma use its size to distinguish it from the maternal DNA.Studies have looked at, and some even optimized, protocols for testing non-compatible RhD factors, sex determination for X-linked genetic disorders and testing for single gene disorders. Current studies are now looking at determining aneuploidies in the developing fetus. These protocols can be done earlier than the current prenatal testing methods, and have no risk of spontaneous abortion, unlike current prenatal testing methods. Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) has been implemented in the UK and parts of the US; it has clear benefits above the standard tests of chorionic villi sample (CVS) and amniocentesis which have procedure-related miscarriage risks of about 1 in 100 pregnancies and 1 in 200 pregnancies, respectively.As a method of prenatal diagnosis, cell-free fetal DNA techniques share the same ethical and practical issues, such as the possibility of prenatal sex discernment and sex selection.
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