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Introduction to Genetics
Introduction to Genetics

... robot to precisely apply tiny droplets containing functional DNA to glass slides. Researchers then attach fluorescent labels to DNA from the cell they are studying. The labeled probes are allowed to bind to complementary DNA strands on the slides. The slides are put into a scanning microscope that c ...
Genotyping Mice and Rats 5.24.16
Genotyping Mice and Rats 5.24.16

... humane procedure. Pain perception of tail clamping in rats does not start to develop until 12 to 14 days of age13, so performing tail biopsy earlier in rodents may cause less pain. When performed properly in adult mice, it causes only minimal or transient pain and distress, and induces no more “phys ...
Biochemistry I (CHE 418 / 5418)
Biochemistry I (CHE 418 / 5418)

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unit-4-genetics-transmission-storage

... • Homeobox – sequences in genes that typically code for growth or activation of other genes, this includes activation of genes for ...
Genetic Terminology
Genetic Terminology

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CFC1, FOXH1, NODAL and ZIC3 Heterotaxy Syndrome Indication
CFC1, FOXH1, NODAL and ZIC3 Heterotaxy Syndrome Indication

... Heterotaxy syndrome is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by complex cardiovascular malformations and visceral situs anomalies. Autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, and Xlinked inheritance occur, although heterotaxy is most commonly sporadic. The ZIC3 gene is a zinc finger tran ...
Choose the BEST answer! Two points each. 1. Which of the
Choose the BEST answer! Two points each. 1. Which of the

... DNA in your reaction flasks was a. 5'--ACCCGTTAAGGCTCCAAAGGCAGT--3' b. 3'--ACCCGTTAAGGCTCCAAAGGCAGT--5' c. 5'--TGGGCAATTCCGAGGTTTCCGTCA--3' d. 3'--TGGGCAATTCCGAGGTTTCCGTCA --5' e. need more information to determine this 29. A DNA sequence of unknown function and flanked on either end by a start codo ...
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Biology 303 EXAM II 3/14/00 NAME
Biology 303 EXAM II 3/14/00 NAME

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Unit 6 Heredity Objective Questions

... 10. Given a simple family pedigree, deduce the genotypes for the family members. 11. Describe the inheritance and expression of cystic fibrosis, Tay Sachs disease, and sickle cell anemia. 12. Explain how a lethal recessive gene can be maintained in a population. 13. Explain why consanguinity increas ...
Unit 3 Biochemistry
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... 9. What amino acid sequence does AUG-AAC-GGA code for? 10. What type of mutation happens when one base is deleted? 11. What is recombinant DNA? 12. What does gel electrophoresis do to DNA? 13. What happens in transcription? 14. What happens in translation? 15. What is a codon? Where is a codon found ...
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... • Recognition sequences: usually 4 or 6 bases but there are some that are 5, 8, or longer • Recognition sequences are palindromes • Palindrome: sequence of DNA that is the same when one strand is read from left to right or the other strand is read from right to left– consists of ...
Genetic Engineering
Genetic Engineering

... trait into a population, but doesn’t want to wait for the tides of time and chance to give it, a mutation must be caused. • Mutations can be caused by agents or substances called mutagens. • Mutagens (such as radiation or chemicals) can occasionally cause favorable traits to enter a population ...
Domain Three (3_genetics)
Domain Three (3_genetics)

... 22. As each section of the genetic code on DNA is transcribed to mRNA, the two strands of DNA rejoin. Then the mRNA moves into the cytoplasm through a pore in the nuclear membrane. Ribosomes attach to the mRNA, in the cytoplasm, to carry out the formation of a protein. What is this process called? A ...
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BIL 250 - Spring 2011 Krempels EXAM III Choose the BEST answer
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... 22. If a protein bound to the operator of an E. coli operon increases the affinity of the operon's promoter to RNA polymerase, you can say with absolute certainty that a. the operon is under positive control d. the protein is known as a repressor b. the operon is under negative control e. the operon ...
Studying Genomes
Studying Genomes

... Full genome sequencing Full genome sequencing involves sequencing not only nuclear DNA, but also the DNA contained within mitochondria and chloroplasts. With this vast quantity of information, comparisons can be made between individuals of the same species and between different species. This gives ...
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Cell-free fetal DNA

Cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) is fetal DNA circulating freely in the maternal blood stream. It can be sampled by venipuncture on the mother. Analysis of cffDNA provides a method of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis.cffDNA originates from the trophoblasts making up the placenta. It is estimated that 2-6% of the DNA in the maternal blood is fetal in origin. The fetal DNA is fragmented and makes its way into the maternal bloodstream via shedding of the placental microparticles into the maternal bloodstream (figure 1). Studies have shown that cffDNA can first be observed as early as 7 weeks gestation, and the amount of cffDNA increases as the pregnancy progresses. cffDNA diminishes quickly after the birth of the baby, so that it is no longer detectable in the maternal blood approximately 2 hours after birth. cffDNA is significantly smaller than the maternal DNA in the bloodstream, with fragments approximately 200bp in size. Many protocols to extract the fetal DNA from the maternal plasma use its size to distinguish it from the maternal DNA.Studies have looked at, and some even optimized, protocols for testing non-compatible RhD factors, sex determination for X-linked genetic disorders and testing for single gene disorders. Current studies are now looking at determining aneuploidies in the developing fetus. These protocols can be done earlier than the current prenatal testing methods, and have no risk of spontaneous abortion, unlike current prenatal testing methods. Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) has been implemented in the UK and parts of the US; it has clear benefits above the standard tests of chorionic villi sample (CVS) and amniocentesis which have procedure-related miscarriage risks of about 1 in 100 pregnancies and 1 in 200 pregnancies, respectively.As a method of prenatal diagnosis, cell-free fetal DNA techniques share the same ethical and practical issues, such as the possibility of prenatal sex discernment and sex selection.
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