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...  HOMOZYGOUS- organism has 2 of the same alleles for a trait.  Homozygous Dominant-has 2 dominant alleles; dominant trait is displayed  Homozygous Recessive-has 2 recessive alleles; recessive trait is displayed ...
Biotechnology
Biotechnology

... Annealing: Cool to allow primers to form hydrogen bonds with ends of target sequence ...
File
File

... C. some characteristics from other species are unlikely in the gene pool / selective breeding cannot produce desired phenotype; D. increased productivity of food production / less land required for production; E. less use of chemicals (eg pesticides); F. food production possible in extreme condition ...
Mutations - Kent City School District
Mutations - Kent City School District

... Point mutations are single nucleotide base changes in a gene's DNA sequence. This type of mutation can change the gene's protein product in the following ways: ...
D. - Nutley Public Schools
D. - Nutley Public Schools

...  HOMOZYGOUS- organism has 2 of the same alleles for a trait.  Homozygous Dominant-has 2 dominant alleles; dominant trait is displayed  Homozygous Recessive-has 2 recessive alleles; recessive trait is displayed ...
Dr Janice Walshe, consultant medical oncologist, St Vincents
Dr Janice Walshe, consultant medical oncologist, St Vincents

... pregnancies, therefore in the absence of published Irish data we estimate there are approximately 60-70 cases diagnosed in Ireland per year. However, with increasing age of childbearing, it is likely that this number will increase. In pregnancy, a variety of cancers occur but breast cancer, haematol ...
Honors Biology: Genetics Quiz 1
Honors Biology: Genetics Quiz 1

... A) RNA  DNA  Trait  Protein B) RNA  Protein  Trait  DNA C) Trait  Protein  RNA  DNA D) DNA  RNA  Protein  Trait _____ 18. In sheep, white fur is dominant to black fur. If two white sheep produce a black offspring, the parent’s genotypes for color must be: A) Heterozygous. B) Homozygous w ...
MECHANISMS OF GENETIC CHANGE
MECHANISMS OF GENETIC CHANGE

... same amount of genetic material is still present in the cell. Usually, when large enough sections of chromosomes exchange, this can also be seen under a light microscope. •Chromosome can also gain or loose sections. •DNA mutations in the base pairs cannot be seen with a microscope. The gene must be ...
introduction1
introduction1

... the likelyhood of recombinations at a particular point in the genome is quite variable • Almost no recombination at the centrimere, higher frequency of recombinations closer to the telomeres ...
Gene Cloning
Gene Cloning

... ™ Replication: The process whereby a new daughter DNA molecule is synthesized from a parent DNA molecule. z ...
MS Word
MS Word

... How to calculate the number of possible genotypes and phenotypes resulting from a cross How to calculate the frequency or ratio of possible genotypes and phenotypes resulting from a cross Monohybrid, dihybrid, F1, F2, and test cross The conditions under which Mendel’s rules don’t operate accurately ...
View PDF
View PDF

... 15. Explain what DNA polymerase is by breaking the word into its parts. _______________________________________________________________ 16. Write a short analogy to explain what replication is. _______________________________________________________________ ...
What does PCR stand for?
What does PCR stand for?

... All of it is copied during DNA synthesis and passed from one generation to the next ...
Section 13.2 Summary – pages 341
Section 13.2 Summary – pages 341

... • To identify individuals, forensic scientists scan 13 DNA regions, or loci, that vary from person to person and use the data to create a DNA profile of that individual (sometimes called a DNA fingerprint). There is an extremely small chance that another person has the same DNA profile for a partic ...
speciation (formation of new species)
speciation (formation of new species)

...  Organisms produce more offspring than the environment can support. • All members of a species show variation from each other. • A struggle for existence occurs and many offspring die before they can reproduce. • Only those who are better adapted to the environment (the fittest) will survive and br ...
DNA Testing Applications for Mennonite Genealogists2
DNA Testing Applications for Mennonite Genealogists2

... • Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP): common variations in the allele value at a specific nucleotide position • Short Tandem Repeats (STR): Patterns in DNA sequences that repeat over and over again in tandem right after each other. For example GATAGATAGATAGATA is a pattern where 4 nucleotides are ...
9.1 Manipulating DNA
9.1 Manipulating DNA

... initially believed to be that of either a two-year-old Swedish boy, Gösta Pålsson; a two-year-old Irish boy, Eugene Rice, or Eino Viljami Panula, a 13-month old Finnish baby • However, with improved DNA testing available in 2007, Canadian researchers at Lakehead University in Thunder Bay tested the ...
ch 10 Human GeneticsTest Qustions Study Guide
ch 10 Human GeneticsTest Qustions Study Guide

... a. About half of the symbols are circles b. All of the symbols are unshaded c. All of the symbols are half-shaded d. All of the symbols are shaded 10. Some gametes may have an extra copy of some genes if nondisjunction occurs during meiosis 11. Is PKU caused by a dominant allele? PKU? Huntington’s? ...
slides
slides

... Microarray Chips ...
Mutations
Mutations

... carriers as long as the rearrangement is balanced with no extra or missing DNA. • Individuals which are heterozygous for an inversion, there is an increased production of abnormal chromatids (this occurs when crossing-over occurs within the span of the inversion). This leads to lowered fertility due ...
Chapter10_11_Trauma_elderly_pediatric_women
Chapter10_11_Trauma_elderly_pediatric_women

... reserve, COPD, chest injuries poorly tolerated Unique circulatory problems: fixed HR, hypertension, limited reserve, renal function, medications Unique neuro problems: subdural hematomas, altered sensorium, spinal osteoarthritis ...
Genetics = science of heredity - Suffolk County Community College
Genetics = science of heredity - Suffolk County Community College

... -competent cells can pick up DNA from dead cells and incorporate it into genome by recombination (e.g. antibiotic resistance) -transformed cell than passes genetic recombination to progeny competent = permeable to DNA: alterations in cell wall that allow large molecule like DNA to get through (in la ...
Chapter 13
Chapter 13

... D) They are two possible homozygous genotypes. E) They are two possible heterozygous genotypes. A and a are dominant and recessive alleles, respectively, of the same gene. 12. Which genotype(s) would result in an individual with the dominant phenotype? A) AA and aa B) Aa and aa C) only AA D) AA and ...
*Exam3 2015 key Revised
*Exam3 2015 key Revised

... A genomic library contains (in principle) all of the sequences present in the chromosome(s), including DNA sequences that are not transcribed. Because a cDNA library is made as a DNA copy of mRNA, it contains only those DNA sequences that are expressed in the cell. ...
Genetics revision for learners
Genetics revision for learners

... prefer black spots. How would he figure out if the dog was homozygous or heterozygous for its black spots? ...
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Cell-free fetal DNA

Cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) is fetal DNA circulating freely in the maternal blood stream. It can be sampled by venipuncture on the mother. Analysis of cffDNA provides a method of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis.cffDNA originates from the trophoblasts making up the placenta. It is estimated that 2-6% of the DNA in the maternal blood is fetal in origin. The fetal DNA is fragmented and makes its way into the maternal bloodstream via shedding of the placental microparticles into the maternal bloodstream (figure 1). Studies have shown that cffDNA can first be observed as early as 7 weeks gestation, and the amount of cffDNA increases as the pregnancy progresses. cffDNA diminishes quickly after the birth of the baby, so that it is no longer detectable in the maternal blood approximately 2 hours after birth. cffDNA is significantly smaller than the maternal DNA in the bloodstream, with fragments approximately 200bp in size. Many protocols to extract the fetal DNA from the maternal plasma use its size to distinguish it from the maternal DNA.Studies have looked at, and some even optimized, protocols for testing non-compatible RhD factors, sex determination for X-linked genetic disorders and testing for single gene disorders. Current studies are now looking at determining aneuploidies in the developing fetus. These protocols can be done earlier than the current prenatal testing methods, and have no risk of spontaneous abortion, unlike current prenatal testing methods. Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) has been implemented in the UK and parts of the US; it has clear benefits above the standard tests of chorionic villi sample (CVS) and amniocentesis which have procedure-related miscarriage risks of about 1 in 100 pregnancies and 1 in 200 pregnancies, respectively.As a method of prenatal diagnosis, cell-free fetal DNA techniques share the same ethical and practical issues, such as the possibility of prenatal sex discernment and sex selection.
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