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E. Coli - mrkeay
E. Coli - mrkeay

... circular chromosome, along with many small, circular pieces of DNA called plasmids • Plasmids carry genes which confer antibiotic resistance, as well as resistance to toxic heavy metals and industrial chemicals • We can use plasmids for biotechnology, since bacteria are able to express foreign genes ...
Science 9: Unit A – Biological Diversity
Science 9: Unit A – Biological Diversity

... • Adenine can only pair up with thiamine, and cytosine with guanine. • The pattern of these repeating pairs makes up our entire genetic code. ...
Inheritance matching
Inheritance matching

... A technique used to show the unique patterns in an individual’s DNA. ...
ASSOCIATION STUDIES ARTICLE
ASSOCIATION STUDIES ARTICLE

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29 - Karmayog .org
29 - Karmayog .org

... Humans have 46 chromosomes in every cell except the sperm and the egg, these have 23 chromosomes, the 23rd chromosome is sex chromosome. The females carry XX chromosome while the male carries an XY chromosome. The female egg will thus always have an X chromosome while the male sperm may have an X or ...
BioSc 231 Exam 5 2008
BioSc 231 Exam 5 2008

... something you learned in this class that you think would be worthy of using as a response to this question. ...
12_Clicker_Questions
12_Clicker_Questions

... This is a DNA microarray—an incredibly powerful tool to explore gene expression in cells. Microarrays also have the potential to be used to diagnose and predict the onset of debilitating diseases such as cancer. There is much promise for this technology, but who has access to this information? Assum ...
Hershey-Chase Experiment
Hershey-Chase Experiment

... Early genetics had several basic problems to solve, and chief among them was to determine what exactly was the genetic material inside cells. This was solved by two scientists, Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase. This discovery pointed the way for several subsequent studies that opened a new generation ...
Connectivity of Earth`s largest biomes: the deep Atlantic to the
Connectivity of Earth`s largest biomes: the deep Atlantic to the

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The Genetic Code and Transcription Chapter 12 Honors Genetics
The Genetic Code and Transcription Chapter 12 Honors Genetics

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epigenomics - IES Valldemossa
epigenomics - IES Valldemossa

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Restriction Enzymes by Dr. Ty C.M. Hoffman
Restriction Enzymes by Dr. Ty C.M. Hoffman

... DNA  molecule  packaged  in  a  protein  capsule.  When  a  virus  attacks  a  bacterium,  it  injects  its  DNA  into   the  bacterium.  The  viral  DNA  is  then  replicated  within  the  bacterium  (making  copies  for  more  viri) ...
DNA and RNA
DNA and RNA

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DNA and RNA ppt
DNA and RNA ppt

...  Cytosine can bond only with Guanine  C-G or G-C (3 H bonds)  This is called the BASE PAIR RULE ...
File
File

24 Applied genetics
24 Applied genetics

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Recombinant DNA and Gene Cloning
Recombinant DNA and Gene Cloning

... do its work, the pieces of these plasmids can rejoin (thanks to the complementarity of their sticky ends). Mixing the pKAN and pAMP fragments provides several (at least 10) possibilities of rejoined molecules. Some of these will not produce functional plasmids (molecules with two or with no replicat ...
File - Ms. D. Science CGPA
File - Ms. D. Science CGPA

... A gene is a section of a DNA molecule that contains the code for one specific protein. That code is a series of bases in a specific order—for example, ATGA CGTA C. A single gene may contain several hundred to a million or more bases. Order of the Bases pg. 411 The code each gene contains determines ...
Lesson Plan
Lesson Plan

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Forensic Science Chapter 13
Forensic Science Chapter 13

... b. be useful for diagnosing and treating genetic diseases. c. help to reveal the role and implications of evolution. d. all of the above. ____ 14. 2.5 (ch 13) Restriction enzymes a. limit the amount of protein produced in a c. cut DNA at specific sites. cell. b. reduce the DNA replication rate. d. r ...
Name of structure?
Name of structure?

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Development Through the Lifespan
Development Through the Lifespan

... Development Through the Lifespan Chapter 2 Biological and Environmental Foundations ...
Recombinant DNA and Gene Cloning
Recombinant DNA and Gene Cloning

... carrying a piece of human DNA? The key is that the EcoRI site is within the kanr gene, so when a piece of human DNA is inserted there, the gene's function is destroyed. All E. coli cells transformed by the vector, whether it carries human DNA or not, can grow in the presence of ampicillin. But E. co ...
File
File

... from the same source – Usually numbered by order which they were found/discovered ...
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File

< 1 ... 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 ... 481 >

Extrachromosomal DNA



Extrachromosomal DNA is any DNA that is found outside of the nucleus of a cell. It is also referred to as extranuclear DNA or cytoplasmic DNA. Most DNA in an individual genome is found in chromosomes but DNA found outside of the nucleus also serves important biological functions.In prokaryotes, nonviral extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in plasmids whereas in eukaryotes extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in organelles. Mitochondrial DNA is a main source of this extrachromosomal DNA in eukaryotes. Extrachromosomal DNA is often used in research of replication because it is easy to identify and isolate.Extrachromosomal DNA was found to be structurally different from nuclear DNA. Cytoplasmic DNA is less methylated than DNA found within the nucleus. It was also confirmed that the sequences of cytoplasmic DNA was different from nuclear DNA in the same organism, showing that cytoplasmic DNAs are not simply fragments of nuclear DNA.In addition to DNA found outside of the nucleus in cells, infection of viral genomes also provides an example of extrachromosomal DNA.
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