Evolution, Biodiversity, and Population Ecology
... Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
Translocation strategies for multiple species depend on interspecific
... greater bilbies (Macrotis lagotis), and burrowing bettongs (Bettongia lesueur) into the Arid Recovery Reserve in Australia failed because the predation by native and introduced predators was not adequately considered (Moseby et al. 2011). As competition is known to reduce species’ growth rates (Murr ...
... greater bilbies (Macrotis lagotis), and burrowing bettongs (Bettongia lesueur) into the Arid Recovery Reserve in Australia failed because the predation by native and introduced predators was not adequately considered (Moseby et al. 2011). As competition is known to reduce species’ growth rates (Murr ...
The form of direct interspecific competition modifies
... abundance triggers fewer (more) secondary extinctions throughout the whole food web than removing diffuse basal species. Rare asymmetric competitors experience less pressure from consumers compared to rare diffuse competitors. Simulations revealed that diffuse basal species are never involved in ext ...
... abundance triggers fewer (more) secondary extinctions throughout the whole food web than removing diffuse basal species. Rare asymmetric competitors experience less pressure from consumers compared to rare diffuse competitors. Simulations revealed that diffuse basal species are never involved in ext ...
Endangered Means There`s Still Time
... refuges with over 90 million acres for the conversation of endangered species, ecosystems, and natural diversity. ...
... refuges with over 90 million acres for the conversation of endangered species, ecosystems, and natural diversity. ...
Untitled - Sveriges Radio
... our work focused on carnivores from east ern Africa, modern large carnivores are basically the same across the continent. Thus, it is likely that the loss of functional richness we found in this region is repre sentative of what happened to all of Afri ca's large carnivores. Human activity is not ...
... our work focused on carnivores from east ern Africa, modern large carnivores are basically the same across the continent. Thus, it is likely that the loss of functional richness we found in this region is repre sentative of what happened to all of Afri ca's large carnivores. Human activity is not ...
Ecological Modelling Mathematical model of livestock and
... three characteristic players interact. There is evidence of competition between sheep and guanacos (Nabte et al., 2013; Marqués et al., 2011), mainly for forage and water. From a diet of 80 species of plants, they share 76 (Baldi et al., 2004), so that sheep carrying capacity decreases when the numb ...
... three characteristic players interact. There is evidence of competition between sheep and guanacos (Nabte et al., 2013; Marqués et al., 2011), mainly for forage and water. From a diet of 80 species of plants, they share 76 (Baldi et al., 2004), so that sheep carrying capacity decreases when the numb ...
Frog Declines
... Non-native predators and competitors are also affecting the viability of frogs in their habitats. The mountain yellow-legged frog which typically inhabits the Sierra Nevada lakes have seen a decline in numbers due to stocking of non-native fish (trout) for recreational fishing. The developing tadpol ...
... Non-native predators and competitors are also affecting the viability of frogs in their habitats. The mountain yellow-legged frog which typically inhabits the Sierra Nevada lakes have seen a decline in numbers due to stocking of non-native fish (trout) for recreational fishing. The developing tadpol ...
Flightless ducks, giant mice and pygmy mammoths
... details and causes, in North America as many as thirty-five mammalian genera may have become extinct in as little as 2000 years between about 12,000 and 10,000 RYBP (Faith and Surovell 2009). In this paper, we review archaeological and paleontological evidence of Late Quaternary animal extinctions on ...
... details and causes, in North America as many as thirty-five mammalian genera may have become extinct in as little as 2000 years between about 12,000 and 10,000 RYBP (Faith and Surovell 2009). In this paper, we review archaeological and paleontological evidence of Late Quaternary animal extinctions on ...
Chapter 3 - Santa Rosa Home
... The fossil record teaches us about life’s long history Fossil = an imprint in stone of a dead organism Fossil record = the cumulative body of fossils worldwide ...
... The fossil record teaches us about life’s long history Fossil = an imprint in stone of a dead organism Fossil record = the cumulative body of fossils worldwide ...
Pleistocene megafaunal interaction networks
... the organization of ecosystems worldwide [1,2]. The greatest impact was on the mammalian megafauna (more than or equal to 44 kg) with the extinction of more than 100 genera [2,3]. The LQE was particularly severe in Australia and the Americas where more than 70% of the megafauna genera perished [2]. ...
... the organization of ecosystems worldwide [1,2]. The greatest impact was on the mammalian megafauna (more than or equal to 44 kg) with the extinction of more than 100 genera [2,3]. The LQE was particularly severe in Australia and the Americas where more than 70% of the megafauna genera perished [2]. ...
Amphibian Population Declines and Malformations Worldwide
... Declining Amphibian Populations Task Force (DAPTF) •Established in 1991 after 1989 First World Congress of Herpetology •3000 Scientists, 90 Countries ...
... Declining Amphibian Populations Task Force (DAPTF) •Established in 1991 after 1989 First World Congress of Herpetology •3000 Scientists, 90 Countries ...
Counting the books while the library burns: why conservation
... extinct or extinct in the wild and 19 817 are listed as critically endangered, endangered, or vulnerable to extinction (IUCN 2012). Since the start of the 21st century alone, at least 10 species of vertebrates are known to have gone extinct, although this is likely to be a substantial underestimate. ...
... extinct or extinct in the wild and 19 817 are listed as critically endangered, endangered, or vulnerable to extinction (IUCN 2012). Since the start of the 21st century alone, at least 10 species of vertebrates are known to have gone extinct, although this is likely to be a substantial underestimate. ...
Ecological Questions
... Objective: Review and Practice Regents Questions on Human Impact on Ecosystem Impact of Highways on Rain Forest A tropical rain forest in the country of Belize contains over 100 kinds of trees as well as thousands of species of mammals, birds, and insects. Dozens of species living there have not ye ...
... Objective: Review and Practice Regents Questions on Human Impact on Ecosystem Impact of Highways on Rain Forest A tropical rain forest in the country of Belize contains over 100 kinds of trees as well as thousands of species of mammals, birds, and insects. Dozens of species living there have not ye ...
Singlespecies metapopulation dynamics
... them, respectively, cover two of the three elements that are required for metapopulation persistence in the face of unstable local dynamics. The third requirement is some density dependence at the level of local populations (Taylor, 1988; Murdoch & Walde, 1989; Hanski, 1990). This paper commences wi ...
... them, respectively, cover two of the three elements that are required for metapopulation persistence in the face of unstable local dynamics. The third requirement is some density dependence at the level of local populations (Taylor, 1988; Murdoch & Walde, 1989; Hanski, 1990). This paper commences wi ...
Return of the Vultures
... with increasing and continued coordinated efforts the outlook is starting to look positive. Vulture numbers continue to be stable or slowly increasing and the captive vulture breeding programmes have been highly successful, with the first batch of birds born in captivity released in 2016-2017. Their ...
... with increasing and continued coordinated efforts the outlook is starting to look positive. Vulture numbers continue to be stable or slowly increasing and the captive vulture breeding programmes have been highly successful, with the first batch of birds born in captivity released in 2016-2017. Their ...
Neanderthal-modern human competition?
... the end of OIS 3. OIS 3 is normally agreed to have finished ca. 25 kyr 14C BP (radiocarbon kiloyears) or ca. 26.5 kyr cal BP (calendrical kiloyears), but ending after the beginning of the Late Glacial Maximum (ca. 20 kyr 14C BP or ca. 21.4 kyr cal BP), seemed a more reasonable punctuation and guaran ...
... the end of OIS 3. OIS 3 is normally agreed to have finished ca. 25 kyr 14C BP (radiocarbon kiloyears) or ca. 26.5 kyr cal BP (calendrical kiloyears), but ending after the beginning of the Late Glacial Maximum (ca. 20 kyr 14C BP or ca. 21.4 kyr cal BP), seemed a more reasonable punctuation and guaran ...
Coextinction and Persistence of Dependent Species in a Changing
... Dunn (2009) searched widely for credible examples of historical coextinctions and came up with a short list. Among the most cited examples of coextinction are parasites (particularly lice; Stork & Lyal 1993) of the passenger pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius) and a louse restricted to the blackfooted f ...
... Dunn (2009) searched widely for credible examples of historical coextinctions and came up with a short list. Among the most cited examples of coextinction are parasites (particularly lice; Stork & Lyal 1993) of the passenger pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius) and a louse restricted to the blackfooted f ...
pdf. - Robert Colwell
... Dunn (2009) searched widely for credible examples of historical coextinctions and came up with a short list. Among the most cited examples of coextinction are parasites (particularly lice; Stork & Lyal 1993) of the passenger pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius) and a louse restricted to the blackfooted f ...
... Dunn (2009) searched widely for credible examples of historical coextinctions and came up with a short list. Among the most cited examples of coextinction are parasites (particularly lice; Stork & Lyal 1993) of the passenger pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius) and a louse restricted to the blackfooted f ...
Why Are There So Many of Us
... doubling time of about 40 years. There is wide disagreement about the prospects for future growth of the human population and whether, as well as under what circumstances and when, it will stop growing. Accompanying this rapid population growth has been the increasing pace of human destruction of th ...
... doubling time of about 40 years. There is wide disagreement about the prospects for future growth of the human population and whether, as well as under what circumstances and when, it will stop growing. Accompanying this rapid population growth has been the increasing pace of human destruction of th ...
Impact of maximum sustainable yield on competitive community
... Obviously, TMSY has turned into MSY of the second population for which eopt ¼2.5 (Fig. 2c). The above examples show that TMSY exists if species have similar biotic potentials, carrying capacities and competition coefficients and if they do not compete intensively. All of these conditions are hardly e ...
... Obviously, TMSY has turned into MSY of the second population for which eopt ¼2.5 (Fig. 2c). The above examples show that TMSY exists if species have similar biotic potentials, carrying capacities and competition coefficients and if they do not compete intensively. All of these conditions are hardly e ...
Evolutionary consequences of changes in species` geographical
... population (14, 20) or the incipient species go extinct (13, 39). Alluding to Darwin who used ‘‘permanent varieties’’ for species, there is not enough time for the varieties to become permanent. By an analogous argument, Diamond explained patterns in island endemism in land birds (32). Small islands ...
... population (14, 20) or the incipient species go extinct (13, 39). Alluding to Darwin who used ‘‘permanent varieties’’ for species, there is not enough time for the varieties to become permanent. By an analogous argument, Diamond explained patterns in island endemism in land birds (32). Small islands ...
Evolutionary consequences of changes in species` geographical
... population (14, 20) or the incipient species go extinct (13, 39). Alluding to Darwin who used ‘‘permanent varieties’’ for species, there is not enough time for the varieties to become permanent. By an analogous argument, Diamond explained patterns in island endemism in land birds (32). Small islands ...
... population (14, 20) or the incipient species go extinct (13, 39). Alluding to Darwin who used ‘‘permanent varieties’’ for species, there is not enough time for the varieties to become permanent. By an analogous argument, Diamond explained patterns in island endemism in land birds (32). Small islands ...
Whatever happened to the Floreana Mockingbird?
... area. Dogs are less numerous than cats on the islands, and they are even less likely to be potent predators of mockingbirds. Why would rats account for the extinction of N. trifasdatus on Floreana if they have not led to the disappearance of other mockingbird populations? Other mockingbird species n ...
... area. Dogs are less numerous than cats on the islands, and they are even less likely to be potent predators of mockingbirds. Why would rats account for the extinction of N. trifasdatus on Floreana if they have not led to the disappearance of other mockingbird populations? Other mockingbird species n ...
The interplay of physical and biotic factors in
... Large-scale evolutionary patterns are shaped by the interplay of physical and biotic processes. We have a new appreciation of the role of physical constraints and perturbations in evolution, and the challenge is to evaluate the roles of physical, intrinsic biotic and extrinsic biotic factors in spec ...
... Large-scale evolutionary patterns are shaped by the interplay of physical and biotic processes. We have a new appreciation of the role of physical constraints and perturbations in evolution, and the challenge is to evaluate the roles of physical, intrinsic biotic and extrinsic biotic factors in spec ...
Holocene extinction
The Holocene extinction, sometimes called the Sixth Extinction, is a name proposed to describe the currently ongoing extinction event of species during the present Holocene epoch (since around 10,000 BCE) mainly due to human activity. The large number of extinctions span numerous families of plants and animals including mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles and arthropods. Although 875 extinctions occurring between 1500 and 2009 have been documented by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, the vast majority are undocumented. According to the species-area theory and based on upper-bound estimating, the present rate of extinction may be up to 140,000 species per year.The Holocene extinction includes the disappearance of large mammals known as megafauna, starting between 9,000 and 13,000 years ago, the end of the last Ice Age. This may have been due to the extinction of the mammoths whose habits had maintained grasslands which became birch forests without them. The new forest and the resulting forest fires may have induced climate change. Such disappearances might be the result of the proliferation of modern humans. These extinctions, occurring near the Pleistocene–Holocene boundary, are sometimes referred to as the Quaternary extinction event. The Holocene extinction continues into the 21st century.There is no general agreement on whether to consider this as part of the Quaternary extinction event, or as a distinct event resulting from human-caused changes. Only during the most recent parts of the extinction have plants also suffered large losses. Overall, the Holocene extinction can be characterized by the human impact on the environment.