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LEADING ARTICLE Concurrent disruption of p16INK4a and
LEADING ARTICLE Concurrent disruption of p16INK4a and

... Recently, a novel putative tumor suppressor, ARF (human p14ARF and murine p19ARF), was identified that may provide an important link between p53 and the p16INK4a-Rb pathway.29,30 Expression of ARF, which is induced by hyperproliferative stimuli like the Myc and E1A oncogenes31,32 but not by DNA dama ...
PDF
PDF

... hybridization. Expression was found not only in the central nervous system, as was expected from the expression pattern of the endogenous Ndn gene, but also to be comparatively widespread, suggesting that the promoter region did not contain all of the regulatory control sequences present in the endo ...
Operon review
Operon review

... Explain how the regulation of eukaryotic genes is different in eukaryotes vs prokaryotes. ...
Genetic Basis for Osmosensitivity and Genetic Instability of the Wine
Genetic Basis for Osmosensitivity and Genetic Instability of the Wine

... acid and glycerol compared with the industrial wine yeast ST. Comparison of global gene expression patterns revealed that Hog1p and Msn2/Msn4p-regulated genes are expressed at higher levels in VIN7. Furthermore, data suggests that acetic acid production by wine yeast is the result of the reaction ca ...
Epigenetics for behavioral ecologists
Epigenetics for behavioral ecologists

... instance, selection might act on epigenetic variation among individuals that makes them more or less aggressive, renders their responses more or less sensitive to seasonal and physiological conditions, or expands a behavioral repertoire. Such epigenetic modifications of behavior might reflect underl ...
Gbx2 is required for the morphogenesis of the mouse inner ear
Gbx2 is required for the morphogenesis of the mouse inner ear

... homozygous mutant embryos were analyzed, and a repertoire of phenotypes was observed. We divided the specimens into four categories (I, II, III and IV), based on the severity of the phenotype (Fig. 2, Table 1). Overall, Gbx2 mutant inner ears are usually missing the endolymphatic duct (Table 1, n=18 ...
RT2 Profiler PCR Arrays: Pathway-focused gene
RT2 Profiler PCR Arrays: Pathway-focused gene

... plus 5 housekeeping genes and 3 controls. The complete system includes an instrument-specific master mix and an optimized first strand synthesis kit. This paper presents experimental data showing that RT2 Profiler PCR Arrays have the sensitivity, reproducibility, and specificity expected from real-t ...
Control of GL2 expression in Arabidopsis leaves and trichomes
Control of GL2 expression in Arabidopsis leaves and trichomes

... • Because both GL1 and R are required to ectopically activate GL2, it is possible that GL1 and R function as a complex • A construct containing the GL1 gene with a myc epitope as an Nterminal fusion was generated – This same epitope fusion was made to a truncated version of the GL1 protein that expr ...
X chromosome inactivation- Review
X chromosome inactivation- Review

...  Xist RNA may cause replication origins to fire late, resulting in heterochromatin formation  modulate histone acetetylation – The Drosophila mof gene is required for dosage compensation and is an acetyltransferase ...
A pair of Sox: distinct and overlapping functions of
A pair of Sox: distinct and overlapping functions of

... domains. Gene expression, however, does not equate to gene function. The jef mutation destroys sox9a activity (Yan et al., ...
Left-right axis asymmetry determining human Cryptic gene is
Left-right axis asymmetry determining human Cryptic gene is

... developing vertebrate-embryo. A number of factors like maternally deposited molecules have emerged essential in initiating the specification of the axis; the downstream events, however, are regulated by signal-transduction and gene-expression changes identifying which remains a crucial challenge. Th ...
Plant Molecular Biology
Plant Molecular Biology

... investigated for the presence of additional nodulation genes. Complementation experiments indicated that the D N A region to the left (3' side) of nodE is functionally homologous between R. leguminosarum bv. vieiae and R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii. In this D N A region, three nodulation genes were ...
Conservation of Brachyury (T) genes in amphioxus and vertebrates
Conservation of Brachyury (T) genes in amphioxus and vertebrates

... contrast, expression in early mesoderm (other than notochord) probably evolved later. The data do not resolve whether this latter expression, and its associated developmental role, is restricted to vertebrates in general, or only to higher vertebrates. To further characterize the evolution and devel ...
Supplementary Figures
Supplementary Figures

... corticosterone secretion pattern (t18=1.821, p=0.0853). Error bars denote SEM. * Denotes differences between nadir and zenith measurements. # Denotes differences between basal levels (Nadir, N) of corticosterone, after ADs treatment comparing to uCMS untreated animals. n.s.not statistically signific ...
RT-PCR Analysis - Shiu Lab - Michigan State University
RT-PCR Analysis - Shiu Lab - Michigan State University

... expressed PGs in the abscission zones of flowers and developing siliques at five developmental stages during floral organ abscission (Figure 6A). During the abscission process there are discrete stages when cell wall loosening and cell wall dissolution occurs, thus providing an excellent biological ...
TESIS DOCTORAL Regulación de la plasticidad y de la capacidad
TESIS DOCTORAL Regulación de la plasticidad y de la capacidad

... genes in response to novelty and kainate administration, stronger and more stable fear memory, obesity associated to hyperphagia and increased excitability of CA1 pyramidal neurons. In the long term, we also observed slow and progressive excitotoxic neurodegeneration. Overall, our results indicate t ...
Cold-induced silencing by long antisense transcripts of an
Cold-induced silencing by long antisense transcripts of an

... in occupancy of RNA polII at FLC. This, together with the fact that COOLAIR transcripts extend beyond the transcription start site of FLC, indicates that antisense transcription might contribute to FLC transcriptional repression through promoter interference (Fig. 4d). A similar cold-induced transcr ...
The tightly regulated promoter of the xanA gene of
The tightly regulated promoter of the xanA gene of

... In A. nidulans this novel enzyme is coded by the xanA gene (Sealy Lewis et al., 1978; Cultrone et al., 2005). We have shown that this enzyme is responsible for the utilization of xanthine as nitrogen source in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, which lacks xanthine dehydrogenase, and homologues are present ...
Two distinct teleost hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 genes, hnf1a/tcf1
Two distinct teleost hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 genes, hnf1a/tcf1

... essential transcription factor for many hepatic genes including albumin, a1-antitrypsin, h-fibrinogen, liver-type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP), etc., which are involved in detoxification, homeostasis and metabolisms of glucose, lipid, steroid and amino acid (Shih et al., 2001). In addition to ...
National Toxicology Program Technical Reports Peer Review Panel Meeting October 29, 2013
National Toxicology Program Technical Reports Peer Review Panel Meeting October 29, 2013

... genotoxicity with VDC. He called for more research on the mode of action of VDC. The third commenter was Dr. Nicholas Ball, a toxicologist from the Dow Chemical Company, speaking on behalf of the VDC producers by telephone. He proposed that the study’s experimental design and conduct did not support ...
asense is a Drosophila neural precursor gene and is
asense is a Drosophila neural precursor gene and is

... trulation in the nuclei of single cells that are in the process of segregating from the neuroectodermal epithelium, but not in the surrounding cells of the proneural cluster (Fig. 1B,C). By contrast, proneural genes such as sc, l’sc (Cabrera et al., 1987; Romani et al., 1987) and ac (Fig. 1A) alread ...
IMPROVE SMALL RNA-MEDIATED GENE SILENCING
IMPROVE SMALL RNA-MEDIATED GENE SILENCING

... lowered translational efficiency, and repression of chromatin modifications in the nucleus, which leads to transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) (Eamens et al. 2008). In addition, recent data demonstrate that plant siRNA plays a role in systemic silencing as a mobile signal, so that they can have effec ...
- University of Bath Opus
- University of Bath Opus

... and Ward, 2005) and Drosophila(Gnad and Parsch, 2006) genomes demonstrates an increased number of male-biased genes through duplication. DNA sequences with no coding function could also provide a source for sex-biased expression gene generation. Levine et al. (2006) performed a whole-genome study of ...
Genome-Wide Identification of Allelic Expression in Hypertensive
Genome-Wide Identification of Allelic Expression in Hypertensive

... Genomic SSLP data were available for 2 SHR lines (SHR/OlaHsd and SHRSP/Riv) and 1 WKY line (WKY/OlaHsd). These lines are closely related to, and may be identical to, the SHR/NCrl, SHR-A3, and WKY/NCrl lines, respectively, used in our studies. We used this data to assess the degree of allelic identit ...
Genome-Wide Identification of Allelic Expression in Hypertensive Rats
Genome-Wide Identification of Allelic Expression in Hypertensive Rats

... Genomic SSLP data were available for 2 SHR lines (SHR/OlaHsd and SHRSP/Riv) and 1 WKY line (WKY/OlaHsd). These lines are closely related to, and may be identical to, the SHR/NCrl, SHR-A3, and WKY/NCrl lines, respectively, used in our studies. We used this data to assess the degree of allelic identit ...
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Epigenetics in learning and memory

While the cellular and molecular mechanisms of learning and memory have long been a central focus of neuroscience, it is only in recent years that attention has turned to the epigenetic mechanisms behind the dynamic changes in gene transcription responsible for memory formation and maintenance. Epigenetic gene regulation often involves the physical marking (chemical modification) of DNA or associated proteins to cause or allow long-lasting changes in gene activity. Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation and histone modifications (methylation, acetylation, and deacetylation) have been shown to play an important role in learning and memory.
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