Questions - Vanier College
... C) occurs continuously in the cell. D) does not result in the production of enzymes. E) starts when the pathway's product is present. 4. Gene expression might be altered at the level of post-transcriptional processing in eukaryotes rather than prokaryotes because of which of the following? A) Prokar ...
... C) occurs continuously in the cell. D) does not result in the production of enzymes. E) starts when the pathway's product is present. 4. Gene expression might be altered at the level of post-transcriptional processing in eukaryotes rather than prokaryotes because of which of the following? A) Prokar ...
12.5 Gene Regulation
... repressor will change shape and come off of the operator – Once the repressor is released, transcription can happen ...
... repressor will change shape and come off of the operator – Once the repressor is released, transcription can happen ...
Chapter 11: Organization of DNA in Eukaryotes 11.2: mtDNA
... Does mtDNA have introns? What are introns? How is the presence or absence of introns significant? Human mtDNA does NOT have introns. Introns are non-coding SEQUENCES of the double helix. The absence of INTRONS in human mtDNA means that mutations will have a greater impact because all of the informat ...
... Does mtDNA have introns? What are introns? How is the presence or absence of introns significant? Human mtDNA does NOT have introns. Introns are non-coding SEQUENCES of the double helix. The absence of INTRONS in human mtDNA means that mutations will have a greater impact because all of the informat ...
Chapter 2
... – The 5’ end of trp operon mRNA, the leader region (region 1) is rich in tryptophan codon. – When tryptophan is available, the translation of this region occurs. – As this happens, the trp mRNA forms a stem-loop structure between region 3 and 4, transcription is attenuated. – When the tryptophan lev ...
... – The 5’ end of trp operon mRNA, the leader region (region 1) is rich in tryptophan codon. – When tryptophan is available, the translation of this region occurs. – As this happens, the trp mRNA forms a stem-loop structure between region 3 and 4, transcription is attenuated. – When the tryptophan lev ...
DNA
... a brief period of time) and are the same before and after a reaction. Enzymes: 1. Lower the activation energy: this is the MOST important characteristic 2. Do not add or remove energy from a reaction 3. Do not change the equilibrium for a reaction 4. Are reused over and over ...
... a brief period of time) and are the same before and after a reaction. Enzymes: 1. Lower the activation energy: this is the MOST important characteristic 2. Do not add or remove energy from a reaction 3. Do not change the equilibrium for a reaction 4. Are reused over and over ...
BCM301 Food Biotechnology
... processes that activate or repress transcription in eukaryotic cells • Generally transcription is mediated by proteins that are collectively classified as transcription factors ...
... processes that activate or repress transcription in eukaryotic cells • Generally transcription is mediated by proteins that are collectively classified as transcription factors ...
Cell Structure Differences
... There is an intricate network of membrane-bounded organelles in eukaryotic cells, each with a specific function. Organelles keep related biochemicals and structures close together to help them function more efficiently. This handout outlines the major animal cell organelles, their location, and func ...
... There is an intricate network of membrane-bounded organelles in eukaryotic cells, each with a specific function. Organelles keep related biochemicals and structures close together to help them function more efficiently. This handout outlines the major animal cell organelles, their location, and func ...
Transcription Translation Powerpoint
... 2. SWBAT create different types of mutations and translate the sequence. 3. SWBAT brainstorm the evolutionary importance of mutations. ...
... 2. SWBAT create different types of mutations and translate the sequence. 3. SWBAT brainstorm the evolutionary importance of mutations. ...
Chapter 16 Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes
... IV. Sex determination in Drosophila: a comprehensive example of gene regulation A. The X/A ratio regulates expression of the sex lethal (Sxl) gene 1. Numerator subunit homodimers may function as transcription factors that turn on Sxl ...
... IV. Sex determination in Drosophila: a comprehensive example of gene regulation A. The X/A ratio regulates expression of the sex lethal (Sxl) gene 1. Numerator subunit homodimers may function as transcription factors that turn on Sxl ...
AP Biology – Molecular Genetics (Chapters 14-17)
... 5. when RNA polymerase reaches a termination sequence, it leaves and so does the mRNA 6. three different types of RNA polymerase 7. pre-RNA (precursor RNA or transcript RNA) is made prior to mRNA which must be modified before forming mRNA that is exported out of the nucleus 8. snRNA (small nuclear R ...
... 5. when RNA polymerase reaches a termination sequence, it leaves and so does the mRNA 6. three different types of RNA polymerase 7. pre-RNA (precursor RNA or transcript RNA) is made prior to mRNA which must be modified before forming mRNA that is exported out of the nucleus 8. snRNA (small nuclear R ...
Advanced Genetics Unit 2: DNA Structure and Processes Quiz Bowl
... 21. It would seem that “protein-coding genes” only make up about _______% of the DNA in our cells? [1-2%] 22. RNA type responsible for shuttling amino acids to ribosomes during protein construction. [tRNA] 23. Name any type of regulatory RNA. [miRNA, siRNA, snRNA, snoRNA] 24. What does siRNA stand f ...
... 21. It would seem that “protein-coding genes” only make up about _______% of the DNA in our cells? [1-2%] 22. RNA type responsible for shuttling amino acids to ribosomes during protein construction. [tRNA] 23. Name any type of regulatory RNA. [miRNA, siRNA, snRNA, snoRNA] 24. What does siRNA stand f ...
DNA Structure and Function
... • Use the chart to find the correct amino acids that the tRNA would attach to the protein (translation) ...
... • Use the chart to find the correct amino acids that the tRNA would attach to the protein (translation) ...
Recombination between homologous chromosomes
... Plasmid = genetic structure in a cell that can replicate independently of the chromosomes Silencing = the ability of a cell to prevent the expression of a certain gene Gene density = ratio of the number of genes per number of base pairs written in t ...
... Plasmid = genetic structure in a cell that can replicate independently of the chromosomes Silencing = the ability of a cell to prevent the expression of a certain gene Gene density = ratio of the number of genes per number of base pairs written in t ...
Instructional Objectives—DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis
... Objective 11: Describe the role of DNA, mRNA, tRNA and ribosomes in protein synthesis. Describe the importance of each of the following molecules during protein synthesis? DNAmRNAtRNARibosomesObjective 12:Given a DNA sequence transcribe it into mRNA and determine the amino acid sequence that will be ...
... Objective 11: Describe the role of DNA, mRNA, tRNA and ribosomes in protein synthesis. Describe the importance of each of the following molecules during protein synthesis? DNAmRNAtRNARibosomesObjective 12:Given a DNA sequence transcribe it into mRNA and determine the amino acid sequence that will be ...
13-3 Cell Transformation
... Transforming Plant Cells Bacterial plasmids can be used to transform plant cells. Agrobacterium tumefaciens Type of bacteria that inserts a plasmid into plant cells and grows tumors. The tumor-producing gene can be removed and replaced with recombinant DNA. If transformation is successfu ...
... Transforming Plant Cells Bacterial plasmids can be used to transform plant cells. Agrobacterium tumefaciens Type of bacteria that inserts a plasmid into plant cells and grows tumors. The tumor-producing gene can be removed and replaced with recombinant DNA. If transformation is successfu ...
Document
... Transcription ■ During transcription, RNA polymerase binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands ■ RNA Polymerase then uses one strand of DNA as a template to assemble nucleotides into RNA ...
... Transcription ■ During transcription, RNA polymerase binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands ■ RNA Polymerase then uses one strand of DNA as a template to assemble nucleotides into RNA ...
Genes and genomes
... of A, T, C, and G. These unique combinations code for a particular amino acid, much as letters join together to form words. ...
... of A, T, C, and G. These unique combinations code for a particular amino acid, much as letters join together to form words. ...
History of Genetics - NIU Department of Biological Sciences
... • 1944: Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod and Maclyn McCarty show that DNA can transform bacteria, demonstrating that DNA is the hereditary material. • 1953: James Watson and Francis Crick determine the structure of the DNA molecule, which leads directly to knowledge of how it replicates • 1966: Marshall ...
... • 1944: Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod and Maclyn McCarty show that DNA can transform bacteria, demonstrating that DNA is the hereditary material. • 1953: James Watson and Francis Crick determine the structure of the DNA molecule, which leads directly to knowledge of how it replicates • 1966: Marshall ...
From Gene to Protein I.
... Introns and RNA splicing appear to have several functions. a. Some introns play a regulatory role in the cell. These introns contain sequences that control gene activity in some way. b. Splicing itself may regulate the passage of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. c. One clear benefit of split ...
... Introns and RNA splicing appear to have several functions. a. Some introns play a regulatory role in the cell. These introns contain sequences that control gene activity in some way. b. Splicing itself may regulate the passage of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. c. One clear benefit of split ...
Molecular Genetics
... • Recombinant DNA – Recombinant DNA is DNA that has been created artificially. DNA from two or more sources is incorporated into a single recombinant molecule. • Gel Electrophoresis – electric current is used to separate fragments of DNA; DNA fragments travel toward a negative charge ...
... • Recombinant DNA – Recombinant DNA is DNA that has been created artificially. DNA from two or more sources is incorporated into a single recombinant molecule. • Gel Electrophoresis – electric current is used to separate fragments of DNA; DNA fragments travel toward a negative charge ...
Primary transcript
A primary transcript is the single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) product synthesized by transcription of DNA, and processed to yield various mature RNA products such as mRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs. The primary transcripts designated to be mRNAs are modified in preparation for translation. For example, a precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) is a type of primary transcript that becomes a messenger RNA (mRNA) after processing.There are several steps contributing to the production of primary transcripts. All these steps involve a series of interactions to initiate and complete the transcription of DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotes. Certain factors play key roles in the activation and inhibition of transcription, where they regulate primary transcript production. Transcription produces primary transcripts that are further modified by several processes. These processes include the 5' cap, 3'-polyadenylation, and alternative splicing. In particular, alternative splicing directly contributes to the diversity of mRNA found in cells. The modifications of primary transcripts have been further studied in research seeking greater knowledge of the role and significance of these transcripts. Experimental studies based on molecular changes to primary transcripts the processes before and after transcription have led to greater understanding of diseases involving primary transcripts.