File
... A large transcription complex, including RNA polymerase and other proteins, assembles at the start of a gene and begins to unwind the DNA. Using one strand of the DNA as a template, RNA polymerase strings together a complementary strand of RNA. The RNA strand detaches from the DNA as it is transcrib ...
... A large transcription complex, including RNA polymerase and other proteins, assembles at the start of a gene and begins to unwind the DNA. Using one strand of the DNA as a template, RNA polymerase strings together a complementary strand of RNA. The RNA strand detaches from the DNA as it is transcrib ...
BIOL 212 General Genetics
... Needed for cloning large genes of higher organisms (for DNA regions 50 kb or larger) and for genome projects. Can be modified forms of E. coli plasmids (cosmids), viruses (PACs), or F factors (BACs) or can be artificial yeast chromosomes (YACs) ...
... Needed for cloning large genes of higher organisms (for DNA regions 50 kb or larger) and for genome projects. Can be modified forms of E. coli plasmids (cosmids), viruses (PACs), or F factors (BACs) or can be artificial yeast chromosomes (YACs) ...
Table S4: Summary information and references on the properties of
... This gene encodes a nuclear protein with a JmjC domain. It is a histone arginine demethylase. It is a histone acetyltransferase to promote transcription activation. It has significant histone acetyltransferase acticity with core histones (H3 and H4), and also with nucleosome core particles. It funct ...
... This gene encodes a nuclear protein with a JmjC domain. It is a histone arginine demethylase. It is a histone acetyltransferase to promote transcription activation. It has significant histone acetyltransferase acticity with core histones (H3 and H4), and also with nucleosome core particles. It funct ...
Unit VII: Genetics
... Matches the codon to an anticodon on tRNA Ribosome reads next codon and brings in next tRNA with matching anticodon Since tRNA is attached to Amino Acids – two amino acids are located next to each other This proximity allows the ____________________ Makes a peptide Repeats until mRNA says stop ...
... Matches the codon to an anticodon on tRNA Ribosome reads next codon and brings in next tRNA with matching anticodon Since tRNA is attached to Amino Acids – two amino acids are located next to each other This proximity allows the ____________________ Makes a peptide Repeats until mRNA says stop ...
Molecules of Life
... the X-ray data they used to help them and the scientists that produced the X-rays the name of the scientist who found that there were pairs of bases the scientists that gained the Nobel prize for their work ...
... the X-ray data they used to help them and the scientists that produced the X-rays the name of the scientist who found that there were pairs of bases the scientists that gained the Nobel prize for their work ...
Genetic Engineering
... Some can have DNA injected directly into the cell’s nucleus and then the DNA can be inserted into the chromosomes Or a DNA sequence can be attached to the ends of the DNA molecule that only allow the chromosome to attach to specific sequences (new DNA) ...
... Some can have DNA injected directly into the cell’s nucleus and then the DNA can be inserted into the chromosomes Or a DNA sequence can be attached to the ends of the DNA molecule that only allow the chromosome to attach to specific sequences (new DNA) ...
Study Island
... Development of the cell theory was made possible by advances in _______. A. physics B. chemistry C. microscopy D. anatomy 2. All living organisms use energy. They also grow and reproduce. What is another characteristic of all living organisms? A. All living organisms must consume food in order to ac ...
... Development of the cell theory was made possible by advances in _______. A. physics B. chemistry C. microscopy D. anatomy 2. All living organisms use energy. They also grow and reproduce. What is another characteristic of all living organisms? A. All living organisms must consume food in order to ac ...
Chapter 12: Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids
... determined that all the basic rules of protein and nucleic acid structure and synthesis are the same in Oz as they are on earth, with only two apparent exceptions. First, in Oz, only 12 different amino acids could be detected in protein samples (Gly, Pro, Leu, Lys, Arg, Phe, Tyr, Glu, Ser, Cys, Gln, ...
... determined that all the basic rules of protein and nucleic acid structure and synthesis are the same in Oz as they are on earth, with only two apparent exceptions. First, in Oz, only 12 different amino acids could be detected in protein samples (Gly, Pro, Leu, Lys, Arg, Phe, Tyr, Glu, Ser, Cys, Gln, ...
Biotechnology and Recombinant DNA
... interest from its genomic source and putting it in an expression vector. Steps: 1. Obtain the gene (PCR, restriction digest) 2. Ligate it into a vector (vector = carrier piece of DNA) 3. Transform the new recombinant DNA into bacteria/cells 4. Grow up a population of transformed cells that contain t ...
... interest from its genomic source and putting it in an expression vector. Steps: 1. Obtain the gene (PCR, restriction digest) 2. Ligate it into a vector (vector = carrier piece of DNA) 3. Transform the new recombinant DNA into bacteria/cells 4. Grow up a population of transformed cells that contain t ...
DNA, Chromosomes & Genes
... What is a GENE? • A specific sequence of bases – Sequences carry the information needed for constructing proteins • Proteins provide the structural components of cells and tissues as well as enzymes for essential biochemical reactions. ...
... What is a GENE? • A specific sequence of bases – Sequences carry the information needed for constructing proteins • Proteins provide the structural components of cells and tissues as well as enzymes for essential biochemical reactions. ...
Library screening
... facilitate subsequent identification of individual clones by colonies or plaques hybridization Two replica filters are taken from the master plate and hybridized independently to labeled probes obtained by reverse transcription of the mRNA fraction After autoradiography, clones which show different ...
... facilitate subsequent identification of individual clones by colonies or plaques hybridization Two replica filters are taken from the master plate and hybridized independently to labeled probes obtained by reverse transcription of the mRNA fraction After autoradiography, clones which show different ...
Methyl methanesulphonate (MMS, Fig
... Transcriptional responses of mouse and human cell cultures to MMS have been also studied ({Islaih 2004;Islaih, 2005}). The observed spectra of differential gene activities were significantly different between these organisms, although they were both mammalian leukemia cells. The reason for the fact ...
... Transcriptional responses of mouse and human cell cultures to MMS have been also studied ({Islaih 2004;Islaih, 2005}). The observed spectra of differential gene activities were significantly different between these organisms, although they were both mammalian leukemia cells. The reason for the fact ...
Vocabulary:
... forms words and sentences that help you understand the author’s meaning. The alphabet of your DNA only has 4 letters: A,C,G, and T! These letters aren’t the same as the letters of our alphabet; th ...
... forms words and sentences that help you understand the author’s meaning. The alphabet of your DNA only has 4 letters: A,C,G, and T! These letters aren’t the same as the letters of our alphabet; th ...
Gene Regulation
... • Although the chromatin modifications just discussed do not alter DNA sequence, they may be passed to future generations of cells. • The inheritance of traits transmitted by mechanisms not directly involving the nucleotide sequence is called epigenetic inheritance. ...
... • Although the chromatin modifications just discussed do not alter DNA sequence, they may be passed to future generations of cells. • The inheritance of traits transmitted by mechanisms not directly involving the nucleotide sequence is called epigenetic inheritance. ...
Inheritence Lecture
... A plasmid and the gene of interest are both cut with the same restriction endonuclease. The plasmid and gene now have complementary "sticky ends." They are incubated with DNA ligase, which reforms the two pieces as recombinant DNA. Recombinant DNA is allowed to transform a bacterial culture, which i ...
... A plasmid and the gene of interest are both cut with the same restriction endonuclease. The plasmid and gene now have complementary "sticky ends." They are incubated with DNA ligase, which reforms the two pieces as recombinant DNA. Recombinant DNA is allowed to transform a bacterial culture, which i ...
Bio 102 Practice Problems
... Activator proteins bind near promoters and increase efficiency of translation. Small-molecule “sensors” usually bind DNA and change its 3D structure allosterically. Genes with related functions are often grouped together and have a single start codon. Repressor proteins block transcription by bindin ...
... Activator proteins bind near promoters and increase efficiency of translation. Small-molecule “sensors” usually bind DNA and change its 3D structure allosterically. Genes with related functions are often grouped together and have a single start codon. Repressor proteins block transcription by bindin ...
DNA TEST
... a) Encode the DNA strand into mRNA and the correct amino acid (2) b) Use diagrams to show how the DNA eventually becomes a protein strand. Label and include the following in your diagram: mRNA, tRNA. Ribosome and rRNA, correct amino acid sequence, codons, anticodons, peptide bonds. Answers must be n ...
... a) Encode the DNA strand into mRNA and the correct amino acid (2) b) Use diagrams to show how the DNA eventually becomes a protein strand. Label and include the following in your diagram: mRNA, tRNA. Ribosome and rRNA, correct amino acid sequence, codons, anticodons, peptide bonds. Answers must be n ...
Primary transcript
A primary transcript is the single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) product synthesized by transcription of DNA, and processed to yield various mature RNA products such as mRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs. The primary transcripts designated to be mRNAs are modified in preparation for translation. For example, a precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) is a type of primary transcript that becomes a messenger RNA (mRNA) after processing.There are several steps contributing to the production of primary transcripts. All these steps involve a series of interactions to initiate and complete the transcription of DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotes. Certain factors play key roles in the activation and inhibition of transcription, where they regulate primary transcript production. Transcription produces primary transcripts that are further modified by several processes. These processes include the 5' cap, 3'-polyadenylation, and alternative splicing. In particular, alternative splicing directly contributes to the diversity of mRNA found in cells. The modifications of primary transcripts have been further studied in research seeking greater knowledge of the role and significance of these transcripts. Experimental studies based on molecular changes to primary transcripts the processes before and after transcription have led to greater understanding of diseases involving primary transcripts.