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Study Guide
Study Guide

... little genetic variability and little chance to adapt if the environment changes By the 1890’s the population of northern elephant seals was reduced to only 20 individuals by hunters. Even though the population has increased to over 30,000 there is no genetic variation in the 24 alleles sampled. A s ...
A aa - Albinizms
A aa - Albinizms

...  Shows very pale, white skin and hair.  Causes eyes to appear pink as well as ...
Inbreeding in Swine, nsif-fs4 - National Swine Improvement Federation
Inbreeding in Swine, nsif-fs4 - National Swine Improvement Federation

... have done well. Certain families may demonstrate superior performance, but if a family group has poor average performance, it should be discarded quickly. Inbreeding also promotes an increase in prepotency which is the ability of an individual to consistently pass on its characteristics. This prepot ...
Mendel Review ppt
Mendel Review ppt

... He crossed two F1 plants. What results did he get? The F2 generation What interesting ratio did he find? They were 3:1 (dominant to recessive) ...
Genetics Notes - Cobb Learning
Genetics Notes - Cobb Learning

... RR = homozygous dominant rr = homozygous recessive Rr = heterozygous Homo – the same ...
Mendelian Genetics
Mendelian Genetics

Dominant or Recessive - UNT's College of Education
Dominant or Recessive - UNT's College of Education

... Explore 1 ...
Chapter 10 Genetics: Mendel and Beyond
Chapter 10 Genetics: Mendel and Beyond

APBio Feb7 PopGen
APBio Feb7 PopGen

... • “of genotypes” = those new offspring will inherit the genes of its parents • “caused by factors in the environment” = the differential reproduction often depends on an organism’s ability to live in its environment (how good is it at hiding from predators? Reaching or finding food? Protecting itsel ...
population genetics File
population genetics File

...  Individuals with certain genotypes sometimes mate with one another more commonly than would be expected on a random basis, a phenomenon known as nonrandom mating.  Inbreeding (mating with relatives) is a type of nonrandom mating that causes the frequencies of particular genotypes to differ greatl ...
Hardy-weinberg equilibrium
Hardy-weinberg equilibrium

... Genotype frequencies stay the same over time as long as FIVE conditions are met: ...
Human Genetics Albinism pedigree Autosomal or sex
Human Genetics Albinism pedigree Autosomal or sex

... Analyzing pedigrees • Heterozygous or homozygous? – Individuals with autosomal traits that are heterozygous or homozygous dominant, their phenotype will show the dominant characteristic. – Homozygous recessive individuals will show the recessive characteristic. – Two individuals who are heterozygous ...
design a baby face
design a baby face

... Genotype: the DNA = the genes. Phenotype: how the genes are expressed (what the trait looks like). Allele: form of a gene. Dominant Allele: the allele that is seen in hybrid phenotypes. Recessive Allele: the allele that is not seen in hybrid phenotypes. Incomplete Dominance: hybrid alleles blend to ...
Population Evolution
Population Evolution

... • 4- Nonrandom mating: inbreeding and assortive mating (both shift frequencies of different genotypes) ...
Ch. 23 powerpoint Lecture 10, Ch. 23
Ch. 23 powerpoint Lecture 10, Ch. 23

... • 4- Nonrandom mating: inbreeding and assortive mating (both shift frequencies of different genotypes) ...
Mendelian Genetics
Mendelian Genetics

... contribute to heredity via nuclear material (chromosomes)  Homologues segregate during meiosis  Homologues separate independently of other homologous pairs ...
What is the relationship between genes and chromosomes
What is the relationship between genes and chromosomes

... A diagram that predicts the expected outcome of a genetic cross by considering all possible combinations of gametes in the cross ...
What is the relationship between genes and chromosomes
What is the relationship between genes and chromosomes

... A diagram that predicts the expected outcome of a genetic cross by considering all possible combinations of gametes in the cross ...
File
File

... since rebounded to over 30,000 but their genes still carry the marks of this bottleneck. They have much less genetic variation than a population of southern elephant seals that was not so intensely hunted. ...
Ch.16 Notes - Green Local Schools
Ch.16 Notes - Green Local Schools

... • Allele freq. in a pop. change as a result of random events or chance – Very significant in small pops. ...
POPULATION GENETICS Terms 1.
POPULATION GENETICS Terms 1.

... Heritability (h 2) = the degree to which a particular trait is inherited. R = ?G = response of a population (given by the new population mean after selection) S = Sd = selection imposed on the trait (can be strong or weak, and is different between selected and unselected population means) R = h2S ...
Notes: Incomplete Dominance Phenotype is affected by many
Notes: Incomplete Dominance Phenotype is affected by many

... dominant nor completely recessive. – Heterozygous phenotype is a blend between the two homozygous phenotypes – Homozygous parental phenotypes not seen in F1 ...
Variation in Plants
Variation in Plants

... Every plant has only one correct name. The names are Latin and should be underlined or italicized when written. Problems with common names. Genus is a collection of related species. The family is a group of related genera. These are the units most botanists use to organize taxonomic relationships. M ...
Genetics Reference Sheet
Genetics Reference Sheet

... Dominant trait- An allele that expresses its phenotypic effect even when heterozygous with a recessive allele (the big guy always wins) Recessive trait- allele that does not express a characteristic effect when present with a dominant allele. Expresses only when 2 recessive alleles present. (little ...
II-10 to II-16
II-10 to II-16

... both descended from the same ancestral allele, (i.e., they are IBD) (2) If were an A allele, and an a allele, then the frequency of A changes from 1/2 to 1. • Will see that these features are true of any finite sized population: (1) The level of inbreeding (homozygosity) increases. – eventually, all ...
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Inbreeding

Inbreeding is the sexual reproduction of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically. By analogy, the term is used in human reproduction, but more commonly refers to the genetic disorders and other consequences that may arise from incestuous sexual relationships and consanguinity.Inbreeding results in homozygosity, which can increase the chances of offspring being affected by recessive or deleterious traits. This generally leads to a decreased biological fitness of a population (called inbreeding depression), which is its ability to survive and reproduce. An individual who inherits such deleterious traits is referred to as inbred. The avoidance of such deleterious recessive alleles caused by inbreeding, via inbreeding avoidance mechanisms, is the main selective reason for outcrossing. Crossbreeding between populations also often has positive effects on fitness-related traits.Inbreeding is a technique used in selective breeding. In livestock breeding, breeders may use inbreeding when, for example, trying to establish a new and desirable trait in the stock, but will need to watch for undesirable characteristics in offspring, which can then be eliminated through further selective breeding or culling. Inbreeding is used to reveal deleterious recessive alleles, which can then be eliminated through assortative breeding or through culling. In plant breeding, inbred lines are used as stocks for the creation of hybrid lines to make use of the effects of heterosis. Inbreeding in plants also occurs naturally in the form of self-pollination.
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