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Islam`s Origins as History and Heritage Fred M. Donner – University
Islam`s Origins as History and Heritage Fred M. Donner – University

... (2) Caliphal Empire and Articulation of the Classical Islamic Paradigm [700-1200 CE] (3) Diversification and Diffusion to New World Areas [1000-1700 CE] (4) The Early Modern Empires [1400-1900 CE] (5) The Western Onslaught [1500-present] Byzantine (Later Roman) Empire Sasanian (Persian) Empire Zoroa ...
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Islamic Art - Quodvultdeus

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... This close-up photo of the lower exterior of the Dome of the Rock shows the magnificent tile work done by Suleiman the Magnificent in 1545. The arched niches used to contain mosaics, but they turned out to be too delicate for the harsh winters and Suleiman finally resolved the problem by replacing ...
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... 5. Shi’i movement: leaders of Islam must be holy men (imams) descended from Muhammad through Ali/Fatimah (Sunni = any holy person can be elected leader) ...
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... al-Biruni: 11th century scientist; calculated the specific weight of major minerals. ulama: Islamic religious scholars; pressed for a more conservative and restrictive theology; opposed to non-Islamic thinking. al-Ghazali: brilliant Islamic theologian; attempted to fuse Greek and Quranic traditions. ...
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Chart - Appeal of Islam

... Umyyad Empire: was the second of the four major Islamic caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. It was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty. Abbasid Empire: was the third of the Islamic caliphates. It was ruled by the Abbasid dynasty of caliphs, who built their capital in Baghdad. Mongol Sacking ...
Islamic expansion and culture
Islamic expansion and culture

... • “The ideal and morally perfect man should be of East Persian derivation, Arabic in faith, of Iraqi education, a Hebrew in astuteness, a disciple of Christ in conduct, as pious as a Greek monk, a Greek in the individual sciences, an Indian in the interpretation of all mysteries” ...
Arabic and Ottoman Empires
Arabic and Ottoman Empires

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Islam-Submission to Allah - Mr. Bowers Classroom
Islam-Submission to Allah - Mr. Bowers Classroom

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Byzantine and Sassanid Empire around 600 CE
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... A. Muslims of Medinah Conquer Makkah (Mecca) 1. Muhammad’s small group of followers triumphed over the non-believers who had been hostile in 630 A.D. 2. Muhammad succeeded in converting more Arabs to the newly established faith 3. Islam became considered the key to peace and unity after Muhammad ent ...
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Geographic influences on the origin and spread of Islam

... with religious authority(middle-man) should rule government too • Do not believe in intermediary between Allah and people ...
19 Islamic Art (2002)
19 Islamic Art (2002)

... -in Muslim tradition, no hierarchy to lead services, but gathering to worship communally at least on Fridays (Muslim Sabbath) became a tradition -important that everyone faces east: in the mosque the qibla wall (which often includes the mihrab) marks the direction -prayer five times daily facing Mec ...
Islamic Empires - Brimley Area Schools
Islamic Empires - Brimley Area Schools

... In 1071, the Byzantine Empire challenged the Turks, lost, and left most of the Anatolian Peninsula under Turk control. The Byzantine Empire asked for help…. ...
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Islamic Golden Age



The Islamic Golden Age refers to the period in Islam's history during the Middle Ages from the 8th century to the 13th century when much of the historically Arabic-speaking world was ruled by various caliphates, experiencing a scientific, economic, and cultural flourishing. This period is traditionally understood to have begun during the reign of the Abbasid caliph Harun al-Rashid (786 to 809) with the inauguration of the House of Wisdom in Baghdad, where scholars from various parts of the world with different cultural backgrounds were mandated to gather and translate all of the world's classical knowledge into Arabic. It is said to have ended with the collapse of the Abbasid Caliphate with the Mongol invasions and the Sack of Baghdad in 1258. Several contemporary scholars, however, place the end of the Islamic Golden Age to be around the 16th to 17th centuries.
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