Synthesis of esterified solid fat from fractionated
... 1: 1.5 substrate mole ratios. The ESF contained mainly of palmitic (45.1%), oleic (40.8%), linoleic (5.6%) and stearic (4.5%) acids, respectively. The total sterol and tocopherol contents of ESF were 243.27 mg/100g and 19.26 mg/100 g, respectively. Therefore, these results in this study suggested th ...
... 1: 1.5 substrate mole ratios. The ESF contained mainly of palmitic (45.1%), oleic (40.8%), linoleic (5.6%) and stearic (4.5%) acids, respectively. The total sterol and tocopherol contents of ESF were 243.27 mg/100g and 19.26 mg/100 g, respectively. Therefore, these results in this study suggested th ...
BISC 330L – Biochemistry Lab Syllabus
... You are required to attend the weekly laboratory session in your registered section. You are also to remain for the entire lab session or until excused by your TA. Do not schedule any appointments during your regular lab periods. Students who are within 5 points of a grade borderline at the end of t ...
... You are required to attend the weekly laboratory session in your registered section. You are also to remain for the entire lab session or until excused by your TA. Do not schedule any appointments during your regular lab periods. Students who are within 5 points of a grade borderline at the end of t ...
2. Large-scale Metabolic Reconstruction
... generated using the KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) genes database for M. musculus (Release 46) [8]. The gene–reaction mappings were derived from the four different flat files available for each pathway map: the GENE and RN (reaction) files, and their corresponding COORD (coordinate) ...
... generated using the KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) genes database for M. musculus (Release 46) [8]. The gene–reaction mappings were derived from the four different flat files available for each pathway map: the GENE and RN (reaction) files, and their corresponding COORD (coordinate) ...
Chemistry/Biology 302 – Biochemistry: Exam 1 Practice Problems
... need not provide quantitative measures; simple directions of the steps you'd need to follow will suffice. (5 points) There are at least 4 ways to do this (any of these is an acceptable answer): 1.) Weigh out enough solid succinic acid and sodium succinate to reach the desired concentration, dissolve ...
... need not provide quantitative measures; simple directions of the steps you'd need to follow will suffice. (5 points) There are at least 4 ways to do this (any of these is an acceptable answer): 1.) Weigh out enough solid succinic acid and sodium succinate to reach the desired concentration, dissolve ...
... homoisocitrate is then oxidatively decarboxylated by the pyridine nucleotide-linked homoisocitrate dehydrogenase (HIDH) to give α-ketoadipate. The next step is carried out by pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP)-dependent aminotransferase (AAT) by using L-glutamate as the amino donor to form α-Aminoadipate. ...
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules
... • Carbon forms covalent bonds with up to four other atoms, including other carbon atoms. • Carbon-based molecules have three general types of structures. – straight chain – branched chain – ring ...
... • Carbon forms covalent bonds with up to four other atoms, including other carbon atoms. • Carbon-based molecules have three general types of structures. – straight chain – branched chain – ring ...
Adaptation to hypoxia alters energy metabolism in rat - AJP
... and aspartate-to glutamate concentration ratios in both ventricles of hypoxic rats than in corresponding tissues from controls, indicative of a decreased flux through the malateaspartate shuttle under conditions of O2 limitation. Myocardial glutamine levels were lower in hypoxic rats, and glutamine- ...
... and aspartate-to glutamate concentration ratios in both ventricles of hypoxic rats than in corresponding tissues from controls, indicative of a decreased flux through the malateaspartate shuttle under conditions of O2 limitation. Myocardial glutamine levels were lower in hypoxic rats, and glutamine- ...
Enterobacteriaceae.
... glucose broth (pH<4.4) due to formation of mixed carboxylic acids (lactic, acetic, formic) from pyruvate results in pH indicator methyl red turning red Vi = positive Voges-Proskauer test due to formation of acetoin from pyruvate in glucose broth C = ability to utilize citrate as single carbon source ...
... glucose broth (pH<4.4) due to formation of mixed carboxylic acids (lactic, acetic, formic) from pyruvate results in pH indicator methyl red turning red Vi = positive Voges-Proskauer test due to formation of acetoin from pyruvate in glucose broth C = ability to utilize citrate as single carbon source ...
Biochemical Engineering Prof. Dr. Rintu Banerjee Department of
... Now this amino acids are playing a very important role as far as the mechanism the cell functionality is concerned and that is the reason this amino acids has been classified or symbolized with either three letter digit or with one letter digit say for example, now glycine if we considered glycine a ...
... Now this amino acids are playing a very important role as far as the mechanism the cell functionality is concerned and that is the reason this amino acids has been classified or symbolized with either three letter digit or with one letter digit say for example, now glycine if we considered glycine a ...
Thermostable glycerol kinase from a
... Overexpression and purification of Pk-GK The Pk-glpK gene was amplified by PCR with a combination of forward (59-ATATACCATGGAAAAGTTCGTTCTTTC39) and reverse (59-AATGGATCCATATCAATTTGATTTTGCACT-39) primers, where the underlines represent the NcoI and BamHI sites, respectively, and the ATG codon for the ...
... Overexpression and purification of Pk-GK The Pk-glpK gene was amplified by PCR with a combination of forward (59-ATATACCATGGAAAAGTTCGTTCTTTC39) and reverse (59-AATGGATCCATATCAATTTGATTTTGCACT-39) primers, where the underlines represent the NcoI and BamHI sites, respectively, and the ATG codon for the ...
Determination of free amino acids in cheeses from the Czech market
... amino acids in cheeses from the Czech market. Czech J. Food Sci., 27: 143–150. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with the pre-column derivatisation by AccQ•Tag agent and following determination of these derivates after their separation in reverse phase column followed by fluoresce ...
... amino acids in cheeses from the Czech market. Czech J. Food Sci., 27: 143–150. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with the pre-column derivatisation by AccQ•Tag agent and following determination of these derivates after their separation in reverse phase column followed by fluoresce ...
Energy metabolism in the mantle muscle of the squid
... While several studies have suggested that squid muscle is endowed with a high capacity for aerobic metabolism (Moon and Hulbert, 1975 ; Hochachka et al., 1975), the degree to which swimming is supported by aerobic muscle metabolism has not previously been assessed. The indication of this study is th ...
... While several studies have suggested that squid muscle is endowed with a high capacity for aerobic metabolism (Moon and Hulbert, 1975 ; Hochachka et al., 1975), the degree to which swimming is supported by aerobic muscle metabolism has not previously been assessed. The indication of this study is th ...
Metabolism - University of Lethbridge
... and utilize the free energy they need to carry out various functions. Living organisms are not at equilibrium ...
... and utilize the free energy they need to carry out various functions. Living organisms are not at equilibrium ...
Glycogen Storage Disease
... A decrease in NADPH production makes red bloods cell membranes vulnerable to oxidative stress, leading to haemolysis. The most common manifestations are early neonatal unconjugated jaundice and acute haemolytic anaemia. However most individuals with the deficiency are clinically asymptomatic. The ha ...
... A decrease in NADPH production makes red bloods cell membranes vulnerable to oxidative stress, leading to haemolysis. The most common manifestations are early neonatal unconjugated jaundice and acute haemolytic anaemia. However most individuals with the deficiency are clinically asymptomatic. The ha ...
October 15 AP Biology - John D. O`Bryant School of Math & Science
... All that going on in those little mitochondria! ...
... All that going on in those little mitochondria! ...
Global Properties of the Metabolic Map of
... ATP ADP phosphate pyrophosphate NAD NADH CO2 H+ AMP NH3 NADP NADPH Coenzyme A L-glutamate pyruvate acetyl-CoA O2 2-oxoglutarate S-adenosyl-L-methionine S-adenosyl-homocysteine L-aspartate L-glutamine H2O2 glucose glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate THF acetate PRPP [acyl carrier protein] oxaloacetic acid dih ...
... ATP ADP phosphate pyrophosphate NAD NADH CO2 H+ AMP NH3 NADP NADPH Coenzyme A L-glutamate pyruvate acetyl-CoA O2 2-oxoglutarate S-adenosyl-L-methionine S-adenosyl-homocysteine L-aspartate L-glutamine H2O2 glucose glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate THF acetate PRPP [acyl carrier protein] oxaloacetic acid dih ...
part the second - Астраханский Государственный Медицинский
... D. glycogen is highly branched 3. The rate of gluconeogenesis in liver is increased by A. phosphorylation of pyruvate kinase B. allosteric effects of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate on pyruvate kinase C. activation of phosphofructokinase 1 by fructose 2,6-bisphosphate D. allosteric effects of AMP on fruc ...
... D. glycogen is highly branched 3. The rate of gluconeogenesis in liver is increased by A. phosphorylation of pyruvate kinase B. allosteric effects of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate on pyruvate kinase C. activation of phosphofructokinase 1 by fructose 2,6-bisphosphate D. allosteric effects of AMP on fruc ...
Examining Escherichia coli glycolytic pathways, catabolite
... of pfkA and overexpression of EDP genes (edd and eda). Table on the right presents the estimated flux ratio between the three pathways for each strain. The dashed arrows represent a possible interference (unannotated) source from glycogen metabolism [27] ...
... of pfkA and overexpression of EDP genes (edd and eda). Table on the right presents the estimated flux ratio between the three pathways for each strain. The dashed arrows represent a possible interference (unannotated) source from glycogen metabolism [27] ...
COLOUR REACTIONS IN CHROMATOGRAPHY Fifteen location
... systems are used. The ninhydrin test requires a pH of approx. 5. Staining: Spray the strip and air-dry it in the dark at room temperature or at 60” for 30 min, or at 100’ for IO min. Drying slowly at room temperature is preferable for better separation of the spots. Some investigators avoid developm ...
... systems are used. The ninhydrin test requires a pH of approx. 5. Staining: Spray the strip and air-dry it in the dark at room temperature or at 60” for 30 min, or at 100’ for IO min. Drying slowly at room temperature is preferable for better separation of the spots. Some investigators avoid developm ...
lec-04-transcript
... functional properties. Primary structure refers to the sequence of the amino acid. As you can see on the left side, different amino acids can come together and linear sequence of amino acid constitutes the primary structure with loss of water molecule. What is the directionality of primary structure ...
... functional properties. Primary structure refers to the sequence of the amino acid. As you can see on the left side, different amino acids can come together and linear sequence of amino acid constitutes the primary structure with loss of water molecule. What is the directionality of primary structure ...
Stable Isotope Tracer Analysis in Isolated Mitochondria from
... intermediates obtained from control dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-treated mitochondria increased with incubation time. Citrate m + 2 and alpha-ketoglutarate m + 2 showed very similar enrichment over time, while succinate m + 2 was poorly labeled throughout the incubation period. Interestingly, oxaloacet ...
... intermediates obtained from control dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-treated mitochondria increased with incubation time. Citrate m + 2 and alpha-ketoglutarate m + 2 showed very similar enrichment over time, while succinate m + 2 was poorly labeled throughout the incubation period. Interestingly, oxaloacet ...
metabolism - Garland Science
... timescale to modulate the activities of enzymes within the framework set by coarse control. Thus, coarse control determines how many molecules of enzyme protein are present in the cell, while fine control determines the activity of these molecules. Developmentally programmed changes in metabolism, a ...
... timescale to modulate the activities of enzymes within the framework set by coarse control. Thus, coarse control determines how many molecules of enzyme protein are present in the cell, while fine control determines the activity of these molecules. Developmentally programmed changes in metabolism, a ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.