Biodiversity PPT Revised
... • Most of the crops produced around the world originated from a few areas of high biodiversity. • Most new crop varieties are hybrids. ...
... • Most of the crops produced around the world originated from a few areas of high biodiversity. • Most new crop varieties are hybrids. ...
cuvier1
... Cuvier & His Contemporaries There was strong tension between Cuvier & some of his contemporaries such as Lamarck and Hilaire. Cuvier successfully discredited Lamarck’s evolutionary Theory of the Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics, which said, traits developed by parents are passed on direc ...
... Cuvier & His Contemporaries There was strong tension between Cuvier & some of his contemporaries such as Lamarck and Hilaire. Cuvier successfully discredited Lamarck’s evolutionary Theory of the Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics, which said, traits developed by parents are passed on direc ...
Confounding factors in the detection of species responses to habitat
... habitat remnants are confronted with a modified environment of reduced area, increased isolation and novel ecological boundaries. The implications of this for individual organisms are many and varied, because species with differing life history strategies are differentially affected by habitat fragmenta ...
... habitat remnants are confronted with a modified environment of reduced area, increased isolation and novel ecological boundaries. The implications of this for individual organisms are many and varied, because species with differing life history strategies are differentially affected by habitat fragmenta ...
Life 9e - Garvness
... 16. In most communities, which of the following is greater in tertiary consumers as compared to secondary consumers? a. Reproductive rates b. Number of species c. Total biomass d. Body size e. None of the above Answer: d Textbook Reference: 57.1 What Are Ecological Communities? Page: 1206 Bloom’s Ca ...
... 16. In most communities, which of the following is greater in tertiary consumers as compared to secondary consumers? a. Reproductive rates b. Number of species c. Total biomass d. Body size e. None of the above Answer: d Textbook Reference: 57.1 What Are Ecological Communities? Page: 1206 Bloom’s Ca ...
The role of metapopulations in conservation
... the dogs, so that there is little emigration and even less immigration. The reserves are isolated from each other, with no possibility at present to establish corridors, and almost all movement of wild dogs between the reserves is conducted through artificial introductions and removals. Apart from p ...
... the dogs, so that there is little emigration and even less immigration. The reserves are isolated from each other, with no possibility at present to establish corridors, and almost all movement of wild dogs between the reserves is conducted through artificial introductions and removals. Apart from p ...
- Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling
... is the maintenance of total community density or biomass, even in the face of species extinctions. The first cases of this were observed for species-poor island faunas (Crowell 1962, 1973; MacArthur et al. 1972). A large number of papers have examined this phenomenon (summarized by Faeth 1984, Wright ...
... is the maintenance of total community density or biomass, even in the face of species extinctions. The first cases of this were observed for species-poor island faunas (Crowell 1962, 1973; MacArthur et al. 1972). A large number of papers have examined this phenomenon (summarized by Faeth 1984, Wright ...
Biodiversity and Conservation
... Scientists continue to find new extracts from plants and other organisms that help in the treatment of human diseases. ...
... Scientists continue to find new extracts from plants and other organisms that help in the treatment of human diseases. ...
Annual Reviews of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics
... is the maintenance of total community density or biomass, even in the face of species extinctions. The first cases of this were observed for species-poor island faunas (Crowell 1962, 1973; MacArthur et al. 1972). A large number of papers have examined this phenomenon (summarized by Faeth 1984, Wright ...
... is the maintenance of total community density or biomass, even in the face of species extinctions. The first cases of this were observed for species-poor island faunas (Crowell 1962, 1973; MacArthur et al. 1972). A large number of papers have examined this phenomenon (summarized by Faeth 1984, Wright ...
Integrating spatial and temporal approaches to understanding
... in a cell owing to immigration from adjacent cells. Cells occurring in heterogeneous regions with a more diverse regional species pool will therefore include a greater total number of species compared with a cell with similar conditions occurring in a homogeneous region. Because core species by defi ...
... in a cell owing to immigration from adjacent cells. Cells occurring in heterogeneous regions with a more diverse regional species pool will therefore include a greater total number of species compared with a cell with similar conditions occurring in a homogeneous region. Because core species by defi ...
Volume 4 Number 1 May 2009 - Flinders University Palaeontology
... the quokka in a monotypic (singleal., 2009). We could reasonably species) genus Setonix. The name Setonix brachyurus literally translated predict that it will move on after its 12-month lease expires. from Greek means ‘shortOne of the biggest causes of tailed bristle-claw’. In some elite confusion o ...
... the quokka in a monotypic (singleal., 2009). We could reasonably species) genus Setonix. The name Setonix brachyurus literally translated predict that it will move on after its 12-month lease expires. from Greek means ‘shortOne of the biggest causes of tailed bristle-claw’. In some elite confusion o ...
Slow motion extinction: inbreeding, introgression, and loss in the
... lead to an initial decline and identifying ongoing processes that may threaten the future survival of these lineages is of great concern. However, determining the existence of a decline and linking potential causes is often hampered due to insufficient data on population conditions in the past. Low ...
... lead to an initial decline and identifying ongoing processes that may threaten the future survival of these lineages is of great concern. However, determining the existence of a decline and linking potential causes is often hampered due to insufficient data on population conditions in the past. Low ...
Deterministic and stochastic forces in community ecology:
... Current theory in community ecology attempts to understand interactions between deterministic niche-based processes and stochastic processes driven by dispersal and functional equivalence. We examined the consequences of variation in metacommunity functional diversity and dispersal limitation on lo ...
... Current theory in community ecology attempts to understand interactions between deterministic niche-based processes and stochastic processes driven by dispersal and functional equivalence. We examined the consequences of variation in metacommunity functional diversity and dispersal limitation on lo ...
"Biotic Homogenization". - University of Washington
... Biotic homogenization may also be accompanied by significant evolutionary consequences. Much like how the future of speciation is tightly linked with the future of species diversity, biotic homogenization may compromise the potential for future speciation because of limited spatial variability in spe ...
... Biotic homogenization may also be accompanied by significant evolutionary consequences. Much like how the future of speciation is tightly linked with the future of species diversity, biotic homogenization may compromise the potential for future speciation because of limited spatial variability in spe ...
(1999) Consequences of the Allee effect for behaviour, ecology and
... likelihood of local and global extinction, a phenomenon that has received considerable attention from theoreticians3,6,24 and has even been advanced as a principal factor mediating the discrete nature of species25. Incorporating Allee effects into traditional models of population dynamics, such as t ...
... likelihood of local and global extinction, a phenomenon that has received considerable attention from theoreticians3,6,24 and has even been advanced as a principal factor mediating the discrete nature of species25. Incorporating Allee effects into traditional models of population dynamics, such as t ...
Species
... • Conservation biology = understanding the factors, forces, and processes that influence the loss and protection, and restoration of biological diversity • Conservation biologists choose questions and pursue research with the aim of developing solutions to the problems of habitat degradation and spe ...
... • Conservation biology = understanding the factors, forces, and processes that influence the loss and protection, and restoration of biological diversity • Conservation biologists choose questions and pursue research with the aim of developing solutions to the problems of habitat degradation and spe ...
Historical Mammal Extinction on Christmas Island (Indian Ocean
... had actually occurred, it would have had to happen within a very short period, as the endemic rats became extinct within a maximum of 9 years subsequent to black rat introduction. In any case, it would be expected that at least some individuals—and ...
... had actually occurred, it would have had to happen within a very short period, as the endemic rats became extinct within a maximum of 9 years subsequent to black rat introduction. In any case, it would be expected that at least some individuals—and ...
Habitat corridors facilitate genetic resilience irrespective of species
... largely untested. Limited empirical data have shown that, for some species, corridors can increase gene flow between patches (Mech and Hallett 2001; Sharma et al. 2013). However, it can be challenging to discriminate between low and moderate amounts of gene flow, particularly in subdivided populatio ...
... largely untested. Limited empirical data have shown that, for some species, corridors can increase gene flow between patches (Mech and Hallett 2001; Sharma et al. 2013). However, it can be challenging to discriminate between low and moderate amounts of gene flow, particularly in subdivided populatio ...
the ecological consequences of changes in biodiversity
... which increases resource retention, further increasing productivity. Finally, lower levels of available limiting resources at higher diversity are predicted to decrease the susceptibility of an ecosystem to invasion, supporting the diversity–invasibility hypothesis. This mechanism provides rules for ...
... which increases resource retention, further increasing productivity. Finally, lower levels of available limiting resources at higher diversity are predicted to decrease the susceptibility of an ecosystem to invasion, supporting the diversity–invasibility hypothesis. This mechanism provides rules for ...
Spatial and Temporal Dimensions of Biodiversity Dynamics
... by the life histories of the colonising species. Colonisers can be classified as the ecological types of selection r and K, according to the logistic rates of population growth. R-selected species maximise the intrinsic rate of population increase (r). Every time favourable conditions become effecti ...
... by the life histories of the colonising species. Colonisers can be classified as the ecological types of selection r and K, according to the logistic rates of population growth. R-selected species maximise the intrinsic rate of population increase (r). Every time favourable conditions become effecti ...
Topological explanations, robustness and the multirealisability debate.
... determined by stating the “set-up” and “termination” conditions. The chronology of sequences through which entities act is crucial to explain the production of this termination condition ...
... determined by stating the “set-up” and “termination” conditions. The chronology of sequences through which entities act is crucial to explain the production of this termination condition ...
Day 9
... Extinction and extirpation occur naturally (cont’d) • Earth has experienced five previous mass extinction episodes • In the past 440 million years, mass extinctions have eliminated at least 50% of all species • Today’s mass extinction is caused by humans and humans will suffer as a result of it ...
... Extinction and extirpation occur naturally (cont’d) • Earth has experienced five previous mass extinction episodes • In the past 440 million years, mass extinctions have eliminated at least 50% of all species • Today’s mass extinction is caused by humans and humans will suffer as a result of it ...
Theory meets reality: How habitat fragmentation research has
... some key conceptual advances linked to IBT, including those from the many investigations it helped to spawn, as well as from the original theory itself. Perhaps more than anything, IBT opened people's eyes to the importance of vastness for nature conservation (see also Preston, i960). Big reserves c ...
... some key conceptual advances linked to IBT, including those from the many investigations it helped to spawn, as well as from the original theory itself. Perhaps more than anything, IBT opened people's eyes to the importance of vastness for nature conservation (see also Preston, i960). Big reserves c ...
DDT Persuasive Essay - APES -
... the caterpillar population, which bring us to the second point, survival of species is needed to maintain the equilibrium of an ecosystem. DDT causes damage to the environment and people by creating fluctuation in the ecosystem. The aforementioned dilemma with the dying lizards cause a decrease in d ...
... the caterpillar population, which bring us to the second point, survival of species is needed to maintain the equilibrium of an ecosystem. DDT causes damage to the environment and people by creating fluctuation in the ecosystem. The aforementioned dilemma with the dying lizards cause a decrease in d ...
Evolution, ecology and biochronology of herbivore associations in
... of ecosystem, and relationships with other faunal groups, among others in a prey-predator dynamic. Some of the enlisted factors have been considered in the previous paleofaunistic studies (Rodriguez, 2004; Rodriguez et al., 2004; Turner, 1995). However, one can expect that such a fine complementary ...
... of ecosystem, and relationships with other faunal groups, among others in a prey-predator dynamic. Some of the enlisted factors have been considered in the previous paleofaunistic studies (Rodriguez, 2004; Rodriguez et al., 2004; Turner, 1995). However, one can expect that such a fine complementary ...
Network ecology: topological constraints on ecosystem dynamics
... By the end of the seventies, a collection of food web patterns statistically characteristic in nature have been produced [25,127,129,132]. (Some concepts in this paragraph will be defined and explained later.) First, it was argued that food chains are seldom longer than four or five steps, for vario ...
... By the end of the seventies, a collection of food web patterns statistically characteristic in nature have been produced [25,127,129,132]. (Some concepts in this paragraph will be defined and explained later.) First, it was argued that food chains are seldom longer than four or five steps, for vario ...
Extinction
In biology and ecology, extinction is the end of an organism or of a group of organisms (taxon), normally a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost before this point. Because a species' potential range may be very large, determining this moment is difficult, and is usually done retrospectively. This difficulty leads to phenomena such as Lazarus taxa, where a species presumed extinct abruptly ""reappears"" (typically in the fossil record) after a period of apparent absence.The age of the Earth is about 4.54 billion years old. The earliest undisputed evidence of life on Earth dates at least from 3.5 billion years ago, during the Eoarchean Era after a geological crust started to solidify following the earlier molten Hadean Eon. There are microbial mat fossils found in 3.48 billion-year-old sandstone discovered in Western Australia. Other early physical evidence of a biogenic substance is graphite in 3.7 billion-year-old metasedimentary rocks discovered in Western Greenland. More than 99 percent of all species, amounting to over five billion species, that ever lived on Earth are estimated to be extinct. Estimates on the number of Earth's current species range from 10 million to 14 million, of which about 1.2 million have been documented and over 86 percent have not yet been described.Through evolution, species arise through the process of speciation—where new varieties of organisms arise and thrive when they are able to find and exploit an ecological niche—and species become extinct when they are no longer able to survive in changing conditions or against superior competition. The relationship between animals and their ecological niches has been firmly established. A typical species becomes extinct within 10 million years of its first appearance, although some species, called living fossils, survive with virtually no morphological change for hundreds of millions of years. Mass extinctions are relatively rare events; however, isolated extinctions are quite common. Only recently have extinctions been recorded and scientists have become alarmed at the current high rate of extinctions. Most species that become extinct are never scientifically documented. Some scientists estimate that up to half of presently existing plant and animal species may become extinct by 2100.