Interactions and patterns between species diversity and genetic
... the slower replicating ones, resulting in changes in their relative frequencies. Depending on the case, selection can either decrease variation by constantly favouring a variant (i.e. directional or stabilizing selection), or maintain variation by either favouring variants at low numbers (i.e. negat ...
... the slower replicating ones, resulting in changes in their relative frequencies. Depending on the case, selection can either decrease variation by constantly favouring a variant (i.e. directional or stabilizing selection), or maintain variation by either favouring variants at low numbers (i.e. negat ...
Impacts of maximum sustainable yield policy to prey–predator systems
... and MSY does not exists in such multispecies system. For better understanding of our analysis we introduce a term ‘maximum yield’ (MY) which means the maximum harvested biomass from ecosystem with the extinction of at least one species. By and large, the MY of the prey–predator system (4) is equal t ...
... and MSY does not exists in such multispecies system. For better understanding of our analysis we introduce a term ‘maximum yield’ (MY) which means the maximum harvested biomass from ecosystem with the extinction of at least one species. By and large, the MY of the prey–predator system (4) is equal t ...
American Journal of Botan
... discontinuity in the spatial distribution of resources and environmental conditions present in an area, over at least one scale, that affects the survival, reproduction (fitness), and mobility of multiple interacting species (we ignore natural causes of fragmentation such as wind and fire). The emph ...
... discontinuity in the spatial distribution of resources and environmental conditions present in an area, over at least one scale, that affects the survival, reproduction (fitness), and mobility of multiple interacting species (we ignore natural causes of fragmentation such as wind and fire). The emph ...
Biological Diversity - FIU Faculty Websites
... In practice, this approach is routinely impossible for two reasons. First, the number of individuals that must be sampled to reach an asymptote can often be prohibitively large (Chao et al. 2009). The problem is most severe in the tropics, where species diversity is high and most species are rare. F ...
... In practice, this approach is routinely impossible for two reasons. First, the number of individuals that must be sampled to reach an asymptote can often be prohibitively large (Chao et al. 2009). The problem is most severe in the tropics, where species diversity is high and most species are rare. F ...
pdf. - Robert Colwell
... In practice, this approach is routinely impossible for two reasons. First, the number of individuals that must be sampled to reach an asymptote can often be prohibitively large (Chao et al. 2009). The problem is most severe in the tropics, where species diversity is high and most species are rare. F ...
... In practice, this approach is routinely impossible for two reasons. First, the number of individuals that must be sampled to reach an asymptote can often be prohibitively large (Chao et al. 2009). The problem is most severe in the tropics, where species diversity is high and most species are rare. F ...
monitoring declines in widely distributed species
... variation in population trends should also be examined i.e. how does a species that is declining at different rates in different places compare to a species that is declining uniformly across its range. Galliformes are amongst the most threatened of the bird orders, with approximately 26.4% species ...
... variation in population trends should also be examined i.e. how does a species that is declining at different rates in different places compare to a species that is declining uniformly across its range. Galliformes are amongst the most threatened of the bird orders, with approximately 26.4% species ...
cws-RecoveryInfo2
... The special case of population and distribution objectives is discussed in some detail. See “Guidelines for Completing Recovery Strategy Templates” for information on what to include in the recovery strategy or management plan. Within the context of a recovery strategy, establishing goals and object ...
... The special case of population and distribution objectives is discussed in some detail. See “Guidelines for Completing Recovery Strategy Templates” for information on what to include in the recovery strategy or management plan. Within the context of a recovery strategy, establishing goals and object ...
(Primulaceae), a Wild
... displayed by L. minoricensis seem to represent derived traits (such as small corolla lobes, inconspicuous petal pigmentation and a related autogamous breeding system), which may indicate a young lineage. However, no phylogenetic analysis of sect. Ephemerum (Reichb.) Endl, in which L. minoricensis is ...
... displayed by L. minoricensis seem to represent derived traits (such as small corolla lobes, inconspicuous petal pigmentation and a related autogamous breeding system), which may indicate a young lineage. However, no phylogenetic analysis of sect. Ephemerum (Reichb.) Endl, in which L. minoricensis is ...
Global amphibian declines: sorting the hypotheses - Collins Lab
... Amphibian decline hypotheses CFCs) or increased susceptibility to pathogens. The mechanisms underlying these hypotheses are more complex and more difficult to understand than class I hypotheses. Global change may affect a region directly, or change in one region may initiate a string of events that ...
... Amphibian decline hypotheses CFCs) or increased susceptibility to pathogens. The mechanisms underlying these hypotheses are more complex and more difficult to understand than class I hypotheses. Global change may affect a region directly, or change in one region may initiate a string of events that ...
Chapter 5 Biodiversity and Conservation
... Factors that Threaten Biodiversity The current high rate of extinction is due to the activities of a single species—Homo sapiens. Humans are changing conditions on Earth faster than new traits can evolve to cope with the new conditions. ...
... Factors that Threaten Biodiversity The current high rate of extinction is due to the activities of a single species—Homo sapiens. Humans are changing conditions on Earth faster than new traits can evolve to cope with the new conditions. ...
Monitoring Changes in Genetic Diversity (PDF Available)
... As the most elemental level of biodiversity, DNA is part of the software on which all life operates. Life has thrived in many different environments over the billions of years, encoding its solutions into DNA—the heredity material. Thanks to this genetic patrimony, many species are equipped with suf ...
... As the most elemental level of biodiversity, DNA is part of the software on which all life operates. Life has thrived in many different environments over the billions of years, encoding its solutions into DNA—the heredity material. Thanks to this genetic patrimony, many species are equipped with suf ...
Challenging The "Distinct Population Segment" Definition Of Atlantic
... approaches to administering the Act. This result would be unfortunate because the Services' proposed rule fails to extend ESA protection to populations which may be crucial to the survival of Atlantic salmon, and ...
... approaches to administering the Act. This result would be unfortunate because the Services' proposed rule fails to extend ESA protection to populations which may be crucial to the survival of Atlantic salmon, and ...
Genetic Diversity
... Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
keeping options alive - World Resources Report
... nations. The world entered the current era of geologic history with biological diversity close to its all time high. But the exponential growth in human population and the even faster growth in consumption of the world's natural resources have led to high rates of loss of genes, species, and habitat ...
... nations. The world entered the current era of geologic history with biological diversity close to its all time high. But the exponential growth in human population and the even faster growth in consumption of the world's natural resources have led to high rates of loss of genes, species, and habitat ...
Click here to read the entire petition.
... and range are the most serious threats to species’ survival. For example, the House Report for H.R. 37 concluded: Man can threaten the existence of species of plants and animals in any of a number of ways, by excessive use, by unrestricted trade, by pollution or by other destruction of their habitat ...
... and range are the most serious threats to species’ survival. For example, the House Report for H.R. 37 concluded: Man can threaten the existence of species of plants and animals in any of a number of ways, by excessive use, by unrestricted trade, by pollution or by other destruction of their habitat ...
Coexistence under positive frequency dependence Jane Molofsky , James D. Bever
... allowing the coexistence of competitors. While interactions between species and genotypes can also result in positive frequency dependence, positive frequency dependence has usually been credited with hastening the extinction of rare types and is not thought to contribute to coexistence. In the pres ...
... allowing the coexistence of competitors. While interactions between species and genotypes can also result in positive frequency dependence, positive frequency dependence has usually been credited with hastening the extinction of rare types and is not thought to contribute to coexistence. In the pres ...
Chapter 5 Biodiversity and Conservation
... Factors that Threaten Biodiversity The current high rate of extinction is due to the activities of a single species—Homo sapiens. Humans are changing conditions on Earth faster than new traits can evolve to cope with the new conditions. ...
... Factors that Threaten Biodiversity The current high rate of extinction is due to the activities of a single species—Homo sapiens. Humans are changing conditions on Earth faster than new traits can evolve to cope with the new conditions. ...
Sciences Po Rennes Model United Nations General Assembly
... and fisheries. According to the World Health Organization, “People depend on biodiversity in their daily lives, in ways that are not always apparent or appreciated. Human health ultimately depends upon ecosystem products and services (such as availability of fresh water, food and fuel sources).”6 Ac ...
... and fisheries. According to the World Health Organization, “People depend on biodiversity in their daily lives, in ways that are not always apparent or appreciated. Human health ultimately depends upon ecosystem products and services (such as availability of fresh water, food and fuel sources).”6 Ac ...
Diversity analysis: A fresh Approach
... conservation value of the pre- versus post-plague communities. The tools of diversity analysis should be able to clearly indicate the magnitude of this drop if they are to be useful in less dramatic situations. Yet the post-plague community's Gini-Simpson index is 0.99, only 1% less than the Gini-Si ...
... conservation value of the pre- versus post-plague communities. The tools of diversity analysis should be able to clearly indicate the magnitude of this drop if they are to be useful in less dramatic situations. Yet the post-plague community's Gini-Simpson index is 0.99, only 1% less than the Gini-Si ...
The Functions of Biological Diversity in an Age of Extinction REVIEW
... Spatial scale is central in assessing the external validity of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning research because, relative to nature, typical experiments have less biodiversity and are smaller in size, shorter in duration, and much simpler in ecological structure. At large scales, in the absen ...
... Spatial scale is central in assessing the external validity of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning research because, relative to nature, typical experiments have less biodiversity and are smaller in size, shorter in duration, and much simpler in ecological structure. At large scales, in the absen ...
1 Title: Isolation and characterization of polymorphic
... other closely related species, T. kanzawai, the motives CT and GT were also the targets for microsatellite characterization (Nishimura et al. 2003). We have obtained a similar rate of loci discarding as other authors (Navajas et al. 2002, Nishimura et al. 2003 and Uesugi et al. 2007). We were able t ...
... other closely related species, T. kanzawai, the motives CT and GT were also the targets for microsatellite characterization (Nishimura et al. 2003). We have obtained a similar rate of loci discarding as other authors (Navajas et al. 2002, Nishimura et al. 2003 and Uesugi et al. 2007). We were able t ...
The potential role of ecological corridors for habitat conservation in
... corridors have little potential for plants. Diaspore dispersal by livestock and wild mammals and birds is nevertheless important, and emphasis should be on maintaining animal movement within the landscape, especially in areas such as the Burren. The effectiveness of regional corridors is considerabl ...
... corridors have little potential for plants. Diaspore dispersal by livestock and wild mammals and birds is nevertheless important, and emphasis should be on maintaining animal movement within the landscape, especially in areas such as the Burren. The effectiveness of regional corridors is considerabl ...
Marine Ecology Progress Series 311:273
... changes in the ways biomass influences ecosystem functioning. For example, it is possible that fluctuations in atmospheric CO2 may have been driven almost entirely by the biosphere over the last 370 million yr (Rothman 2001). This implies that human dominance over the biosphere, either directly by c ...
... changes in the ways biomass influences ecosystem functioning. For example, it is possible that fluctuations in atmospheric CO2 may have been driven almost entirely by the biosphere over the last 370 million yr (Rothman 2001). This implies that human dominance over the biosphere, either directly by c ...
Unit 1 Review Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that
... a. prevents the population of any one type of organism from becoming too great. b. indicates a high diversity index. c. indicates a high tolerance to environmental changes. d. All of the above. ____ 20. Which of the following is an example of variation within a species? a. An ostrich cannot fly, but ...
... a. prevents the population of any one type of organism from becoming too great. b. indicates a high diversity index. c. indicates a high tolerance to environmental changes. d. All of the above. ____ 20. Which of the following is an example of variation within a species? a. An ostrich cannot fly, but ...
Impacts of Invasive Species on Food Webs: A Review of Empirical
... We review empirical studies on how bioinvasions alter food webs and how a food-web perspective may change their prediction and management. Predation is found to underlie the most spectacular damage in invaded systems, sometimes cascading down to primary producers. Indirect trophic effects (exploitat ...
... We review empirical studies on how bioinvasions alter food webs and how a food-web perspective may change their prediction and management. Predation is found to underlie the most spectacular damage in invaded systems, sometimes cascading down to primary producers. Indirect trophic effects (exploitat ...
Extinction
In biology and ecology, extinction is the end of an organism or of a group of organisms (taxon), normally a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost before this point. Because a species' potential range may be very large, determining this moment is difficult, and is usually done retrospectively. This difficulty leads to phenomena such as Lazarus taxa, where a species presumed extinct abruptly ""reappears"" (typically in the fossil record) after a period of apparent absence.The age of the Earth is about 4.54 billion years old. The earliest undisputed evidence of life on Earth dates at least from 3.5 billion years ago, during the Eoarchean Era after a geological crust started to solidify following the earlier molten Hadean Eon. There are microbial mat fossils found in 3.48 billion-year-old sandstone discovered in Western Australia. Other early physical evidence of a biogenic substance is graphite in 3.7 billion-year-old metasedimentary rocks discovered in Western Greenland. More than 99 percent of all species, amounting to over five billion species, that ever lived on Earth are estimated to be extinct. Estimates on the number of Earth's current species range from 10 million to 14 million, of which about 1.2 million have been documented and over 86 percent have not yet been described.Through evolution, species arise through the process of speciation—where new varieties of organisms arise and thrive when they are able to find and exploit an ecological niche—and species become extinct when they are no longer able to survive in changing conditions or against superior competition. The relationship between animals and their ecological niches has been firmly established. A typical species becomes extinct within 10 million years of its first appearance, although some species, called living fossils, survive with virtually no morphological change for hundreds of millions of years. Mass extinctions are relatively rare events; however, isolated extinctions are quite common. Only recently have extinctions been recorded and scientists have become alarmed at the current high rate of extinctions. Most species that become extinct are never scientifically documented. Some scientists estimate that up to half of presently existing plant and animal species may become extinct by 2100.