ENGELS` CONTRIBUTION TO MARXISM Donald
... scholastic metaphysics, we shall have to assess the evidence for this interpretation. There is also the question of the theoretical and practical relevance of Engels' philosophical works to modern socialism and to the labour movement in particular. T o what extent, in other words, is Engels' philoso ...
... scholastic metaphysics, we shall have to assess the evidence for this interpretation. There is also the question of the theoretical and practical relevance of Engels' philosophical works to modern socialism and to the labour movement in particular. T o what extent, in other words, is Engels' philoso ...
Polkinghorne and Cartwright on Pluralism and Metaphysics
... upsets a number of traditional conceptual resources, but none more than the notion of fundamental laws. Unlike a previous generation of empiricists, though, Cartwright’s philosophy of science does not shy away from metaphysics. The metaphysical view that arises from her work has emerged through seve ...
... upsets a number of traditional conceptual resources, but none more than the notion of fundamental laws. Unlike a previous generation of empiricists, though, Cartwright’s philosophy of science does not shy away from metaphysics. The metaphysical view that arises from her work has emerged through seve ...
The New and Improved Paraphysics
... The association of these two subjects is traditional and, as to their contents, essential. Psychology is the halfway house between biology with the whole range of the objective sciences, on the one hand, and the moral sciences with philosophy, on the other hand. (Baldwin, p.x) Psychology grew out of ...
... The association of these two subjects is traditional and, as to their contents, essential. Psychology is the halfway house between biology with the whole range of the objective sciences, on the one hand, and the moral sciences with philosophy, on the other hand. (Baldwin, p.x) Psychology grew out of ...
Epistemic Virtues and Epistemic Values
... adjustment of the criteria to the world that is needed if they are to be successful guides to truth. This is the view of a skeptic, much as skeptics about astrology believe that astrologers can freely choose the predictive significance of each star sign, for these skeptics hold that no choice leads ...
... adjustment of the criteria to the world that is needed if they are to be successful guides to truth. This is the view of a skeptic, much as skeptics about astrology believe that astrologers can freely choose the predictive significance of each star sign, for these skeptics hold that no choice leads ...
Nietzsche`s critique of past philosophers
... Nietzsche is questioning the very foundations of philosophy. To accept his claims means being a new kind of philosopher, ones who ‘taste and inclination’, whose values, are quite different. Throughout his philosophy, Nietzsche is concerned with origins, both psychological and historical. Much of phi ...
... Nietzsche is questioning the very foundations of philosophy. To accept his claims means being a new kind of philosopher, ones who ‘taste and inclination’, whose values, are quite different. Throughout his philosophy, Nietzsche is concerned with origins, both psychological and historical. Much of phi ...
this PDF file
... represents the process of being betwixt and between, middling, neither one nor the other (p. 361). It represents a state of moving between or being in between two states or phases, which is both creative and destructive. It is reminiscent of Victor Turner’s (1979) state of liminality, in which an in ...
... represents the process of being betwixt and between, middling, neither one nor the other (p. 361). It represents a state of moving between or being in between two states or phases, which is both creative and destructive. It is reminiscent of Victor Turner’s (1979) state of liminality, in which an in ...
Action research, stories and practical philosophy
... action. This action will vary dependant on our positions within our educational systems but the action aims to support those teachers who strive to engage with the complex educational problems involved in working and teaching young people at risk of exclusion from education. Secondly such a ‘narrati ...
... action. This action will vary dependant on our positions within our educational systems but the action aims to support those teachers who strive to engage with the complex educational problems involved in working and teaching young people at risk of exclusion from education. Secondly such a ‘narrati ...
Diapositive 1
... intellect to the things. Aquinas also said that real things participate in the act of being of the Creator God who is Subsistent Being, Intelligence, and Truth. Thus, these beings possess the light of intelligibility and are knowable. These things (beings; reality) are the foundation of the truth th ...
... intellect to the things. Aquinas also said that real things participate in the act of being of the Creator God who is Subsistent Being, Intelligence, and Truth. Thus, these beings possess the light of intelligibility and are knowable. These things (beings; reality) are the foundation of the truth th ...
What is Philosophy? Minds and Machines
... if this takes a lot of time. In fact, science is one example where philosophy became very successful (‘natural philosophy’). – Second, even if philosophy does not provide one with any clear answers, it may still be able to say that certain answers are better than others. – And third, even if philoso ...
... if this takes a lot of time. In fact, science is one example where philosophy became very successful (‘natural philosophy’). – Second, even if philosophy does not provide one with any clear answers, it may still be able to say that certain answers are better than others. – And third, even if philoso ...
What is Philosophy?
... if this takes a lot of time. In fact, science is one example where philosophy became very successful (‘natural philosophy’). – Second, even if philosophy does not provide one with any clear answers, it may still be able to say that certain answers are better than others. – And third, even if philoso ...
... if this takes a lot of time. In fact, science is one example where philosophy became very successful (‘natural philosophy’). – Second, even if philosophy does not provide one with any clear answers, it may still be able to say that certain answers are better than others. – And third, even if philoso ...
Ethan Frome - Stephen Hicks, Ph.D.
... developments are most of the story of the background to postmodernism. In Europe, if one was a philosophically-trained intellectual in the middle part of the twentieth century, one’s training was primarily in Kant, Hegel, Marx, Nietzsche, and Heidegger. Those thinkers set the philosophical framework ...
... developments are most of the story of the background to postmodernism. In Europe, if one was a philosophically-trained intellectual in the middle part of the twentieth century, one’s training was primarily in Kant, Hegel, Marx, Nietzsche, and Heidegger. Those thinkers set the philosophical framework ...
- Philsci
... one big, persistent assumption about the universe, namely that it is such that no disunified or aberrant theory is true. It assumes that the universe is such that there are no pockets of peculiarity, at specific times and places, or when specific conditions arise (gold spheres, gold and diamond dust ...
... one big, persistent assumption about the universe, namely that it is such that no disunified or aberrant theory is true. It assumes that the universe is such that there are no pockets of peculiarity, at specific times and places, or when specific conditions arise (gold spheres, gold and diamond dust ...
deductive reasoning
... Why do we do Philosophy? Many philosophical inquiries are important. Not everything can be investigated scientifically. Philosophy can provide us with important skills and knowledge. How do we do Philosophy? ...
... Why do we do Philosophy? Many philosophical inquiries are important. Not everything can be investigated scientifically. Philosophy can provide us with important skills and knowledge. How do we do Philosophy? ...
ANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY—a trend in contemporary philosophy with
... ANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY—a trend in contemporary philosophy with its own distinct methodology and content. It began in Great Britain at the beginning of the twentieth century (G. E. Moore, B. Russell) in opposition to speculative idealistic philosophy. Several variations of analytic philosophy developed ...
... ANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY—a trend in contemporary philosophy with its own distinct methodology and content. It began in Great Britain at the beginning of the twentieth century (G. E. Moore, B. Russell) in opposition to speculative idealistic philosophy. Several variations of analytic philosophy developed ...
Does Comparative Philosophy have a Fusion Future? Responses
... the Buddhists' ultimate concern, could not be) a philosophical conception about which we may calmly converse in sovereign detachment will indicate that we are at the gateway to an understanding of it." 14 Modern philosophy is decidedly text-centered, but Buddhist texts are not primarily philosophica ...
... the Buddhists' ultimate concern, could not be) a philosophical conception about which we may calmly converse in sovereign detachment will indicate that we are at the gateway to an understanding of it." 14 Modern philosophy is decidedly text-centered, but Buddhist texts are not primarily philosophica ...
Eleven Reasons Why Philosophy is Important
... becoming fanatical. Learning about philosophy can help us learn to be more philosophical. 2. It helps us be moral. Morality is of the utmost importance because our decisions can have a powerful impact on ourselves and others. Our decisions can help or hurt people. We want fewer criminals, more peopl ...
... becoming fanatical. Learning about philosophy can help us learn to be more philosophical. 2. It helps us be moral. Morality is of the utmost importance because our decisions can have a powerful impact on ourselves and others. Our decisions can help or hurt people. We want fewer criminals, more peopl ...
Wittgenstein World History Name: E. Napp Date: Biographical
... about how propositions can be meaningful is correct, then, just as there are no meaningful propositions about logical form, so there can be no meaningful propositions concerning these subjects either. This point, of course, applies to Wittgenstein’s own remarks in the book itself, so Wittgenstein is ...
... about how propositions can be meaningful is correct, then, just as there are no meaningful propositions about logical form, so there can be no meaningful propositions concerning these subjects either. This point, of course, applies to Wittgenstein’s own remarks in the book itself, so Wittgenstein is ...
Philosophy without Intuitions, by Herman Cappelen. Oxford: Oxford
... That is not only because philosophy is such a salad bowl of areas and approaches, but also because metaphilosophy is itself philosophy. In order to say something interesting about philosophy as a discipline, one will have to say something interesting about first-order philosophy, too; presumably abo ...
... That is not only because philosophy is such a salad bowl of areas and approaches, but also because metaphilosophy is itself philosophy. In order to say something interesting about philosophy as a discipline, one will have to say something interesting about first-order philosophy, too; presumably abo ...
printable PDF of Schedule and Abstracts
... Philosophy Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville "Spandrels, Pendentives, and Squinches: Architecture and Biological Adaptation" Perhaps the strangest debate to emerge from Gould and Lewontin's famous anti-adaptationist piece, "The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm," is ce ...
... Philosophy Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville "Spandrels, Pendentives, and Squinches: Architecture and Biological Adaptation" Perhaps the strangest debate to emerge from Gould and Lewontin's famous anti-adaptationist piece, "The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm," is ce ...
The Vindication of St. Thomas
... one hand, and the defective conceptions of matter and mind that emerged from the 17th century and still dominate analytic philosophy. In other words, while the mainstream view is that there is a deep conflict between our ordinary ‘human’ image of the world and the scientific image of the world, Ross ...
... one hand, and the defective conceptions of matter and mind that emerged from the 17th century and still dominate analytic philosophy. In other words, while the mainstream view is that there is a deep conflict between our ordinary ‘human’ image of the world and the scientific image of the world, Ross ...
lecture2-CriticalThinking
... deduction itself is based on the fact that we know something for sure (premises must be true). For example we know the general law which can be used to deduce some particular case, such as “All humans are mortal. Socrates is human. Therefore is Socrates mortal.” How do we know that all humans are mo ...
... deduction itself is based on the fact that we know something for sure (premises must be true). For example we know the general law which can be used to deduce some particular case, such as “All humans are mortal. Socrates is human. Therefore is Socrates mortal.” How do we know that all humans are mo ...
Social Studies 9R – Mr. Berman Aim #7: How did early Greek
... He believed a person could gain knowledge by making hypotheses and then testing those hypotheses through observation, experimentation and classifying information. This became known as The Scientific Method. Aristotle studied existing governments in his book Politics (unlike Plato, he did not try to ...
... He believed a person could gain knowledge by making hypotheses and then testing those hypotheses through observation, experimentation and classifying information. This became known as The Scientific Method. Aristotle studied existing governments in his book Politics (unlike Plato, he did not try to ...
`Spaces` in Mathematics, Physics, Subjectivity, and Historiography
... From a present day perspective these philosophers seem to be rather strange allies for a mathematician and philosopher of science. However, if considering the historical documents on Weyl's “constructive intellectual interference” with Medicus (and his undergraduate days in Göttingen, where he atten ...
... From a present day perspective these philosophers seem to be rather strange allies for a mathematician and philosopher of science. However, if considering the historical documents on Weyl's “constructive intellectual interference” with Medicus (and his undergraduate days in Göttingen, where he atten ...
PROLEGOMENON The consequences of the
... reproduced or transformed by, human agency. This transformational model appears prima facie similar to Tony Giddens’ theory of structuration, published in the same year (1979).vii However Margaret Archer pointed out (in Realist Social Theoryviii and elsewhere) that time and tense are intrinsic to t ...
... reproduced or transformed by, human agency. This transformational model appears prima facie similar to Tony Giddens’ theory of structuration, published in the same year (1979).vii However Margaret Archer pointed out (in Realist Social Theoryviii and elsewhere) that time and tense are intrinsic to t ...
Averroes - The Incoherence of the Incoherence
... often regarded as a feature of the Oriental soul. In the Qur’an, however, there is no definite theory about free will. Muhammad was not a philosopher. The definition of will in man given by the Ash‘arites, as the instrument of unalterable fate and the unalterable law of God, is Stoic both in idea an ...
... often regarded as a feature of the Oriental soul. In the Qur’an, however, there is no definite theory about free will. Muhammad was not a philosopher. The definition of will in man given by the Ash‘arites, as the instrument of unalterable fate and the unalterable law of God, is Stoic both in idea an ...
Philosophy of science
Philosophy of science is a branch of philosophy concerned with the foundations, methods, and implications of science. The central questions of this study concern what qualifies as science, the reliability of scientific theories, and the ultimate purpose of science. This discipline overlaps with metaphysics, ontology, and epistemology, for example, when it explores the relationship between science and truth.There is no consensus among philosophers about many of the central problems concerned with the philosophy of science, including whether science can reveal the truth about unobservable things and whether scientific reasoning can be justified at all. In addition to these general questions about science as a whole, philosophers of science consider problems that apply to particular sciences (such as biology or physics). Some philosophers of science also use contemporary results in science to reach conclusions about philosophy itself.While relevant philosophical thought dates back at least to the time of Aristotle, philosophy of science emerged as a distinct discipline only in the middle of the 20th century in the wake of the logical positivism movement, which aimed to formulate criteria for ensuring all philosophical statements' meaningfulness and objectively assessing them. Thomas Kuhn's book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962) brought into the mainstream the word ""paradigm"", meaning the set of concepts that define a scientific discipline in a particular period. In his book, Kuhn challenged the established view of ""scientific progress as a gradual, cumulative acquisition of knowledge based on rationally chosen experimental frameworks"".In the 21st century, someTemplate:Which? thinkers seek to ground science in axiomatic assumptions, such as the uniformity of nature. Many philosophers of science, however, take a coherentist approach to science, in which a theory is validated if it makes sense of observations as part of a coherent whole. Still others, and Paul Feyerabend (1924-1994) in particular, argue that there is no such thing as the ""scientific method"", so all approaches to science should be allowed, including explicitly supernatural ones. (Feyerabend remains in the minority among philosophers of science.) Another approach to thinking about science involves studying how knowledge is created from a sociological perspective, an approach represented by scholars like David Bloor and Barry Barnes. Finally, a tradition in Continental philosophy approaches science from the perspective of a rigorous analysis of human experience.Philosophies of the particular sciences range from questions about the nature of time raised by Einstein's general relativity, to the implications of economics for public policy. A central theme is whether one scientific discipline can be reduced to the terms of another. That is, can chemistry be reduced to physics, or can sociology be reduced to individual psychology? The general questions of philosophy of science also arise with greater specificity in some particular sciences. For instance, the question of the validity of scientific reasoning is seen in a different guise in the foundations of statistics. The question of what counts as science and what should be excluded arises as a life-or-death matter in the philosophy of medicine. Additionally, the philosophies of biology, of psychology, and of the social sciences explore whether the scientific studies of human nature can achieve objectivity or are inevitably shaped by values and by social relations.