How Philosophers Die (BAR 10) PDF 160.80kB
... Athens as elsewhere – were explicitly denied ‘good death’. According to Danielle Allen’s recent study of punishment in democratic Athens, the routine method of executing criminals was a form of crucifixion (a circumstance which would have rather encouraged later assimilations of Socrates to Christ!) ...
... Athens as elsewhere – were explicitly denied ‘good death’. According to Danielle Allen’s recent study of punishment in democratic Athens, the routine method of executing criminals was a form of crucifixion (a circumstance which would have rather encouraged later assimilations of Socrates to Christ!) ...
moving beyond unification and modeling: a reconsideration of
... not of things but of structures. For this reason, the appeal to quantum field theory begins to undermine the very project of constructing an ontology, properly understood as studying things, which indicates that there are other ways of doing metaphysics.1 French (1998) makes a similar point. Second, ...
... not of things but of structures. For this reason, the appeal to quantum field theory begins to undermine the very project of constructing an ontology, properly understood as studying things, which indicates that there are other ways of doing metaphysics.1 French (1998) makes a similar point. Second, ...
History of Philosophy2
... the beginning. The development between beginning and end must be seen as one of enrichment, of struggle, and above all, as free. To get the point across, Hegel, in his Introduction, refers to Aristotle, through the terms of potentiality and actuality, and metaphorically to the development of the see ...
... the beginning. The development between beginning and end must be seen as one of enrichment, of struggle, and above all, as free. To get the point across, Hegel, in his Introduction, refers to Aristotle, through the terms of potentiality and actuality, and metaphorically to the development of the see ...
Performance Philosophy: Figures of Doing
... as the only living being capable, as much on account of his posture as anything else, of transcending his embodiment in a “lofty thought” understood to justify his dominance over all other forms of life. It reads: “While the other animals are bent downward, looking at the ground, man was given an u ...
... as the only living being capable, as much on account of his posture as anything else, of transcending his embodiment in a “lofty thought” understood to justify his dominance over all other forms of life. It reads: “While the other animals are bent downward, looking at the ground, man was given an u ...
The Rise of Modern Science and the Decline of Theology as the
... This can be seen in the works of three forerunners of modern scientific thought —Nicolas Copernicus (1473–1543), Johannes Kepler (1571–1630), and Galileo Galilei (1564–1642). Impelled by the growing discrepancy between their new astronomical discoveries and traditional scholastic philosophical thoug ...
... This can be seen in the works of three forerunners of modern scientific thought —Nicolas Copernicus (1473–1543), Johannes Kepler (1571–1630), and Galileo Galilei (1564–1642). Impelled by the growing discrepancy between their new astronomical discoveries and traditional scholastic philosophical thoug ...
Thesis Abstract
... experience much more often than philosophers who contemplate mental operations. Perhaps, the reason thereof is that observing “operations” is supposed to furnish data about the mind itself; it serves primarily as a foundation of an experimental science of the mind (psychology). The study of images, ...
... experience much more often than philosophers who contemplate mental operations. Perhaps, the reason thereof is that observing “operations” is supposed to furnish data about the mind itself; it serves primarily as a foundation of an experimental science of the mind (psychology). The study of images, ...
Quine. “Two Dogmas of Empiricism” - University of San Diego Home
... analytic statement is that limiting case which is confirmed no matter what. • Statement synonymy is said to be likeness of method of empirical confirmation or infirmation…[What] is the nature of the relationship between a statement and the experiences which contribute to or detract from its confirma ...
... analytic statement is that limiting case which is confirmed no matter what. • Statement synonymy is said to be likeness of method of empirical confirmation or infirmation…[What] is the nature of the relationship between a statement and the experiences which contribute to or detract from its confirma ...
The Self and Its World: Husserlian Contributions to a Metaphysics of
... points of convergence between contemporary philosophy and contemporary science (in early 20th century). I would then offer a kind of hermeneutics of the Relativity Theory and the Indeterminacy Principle in the light of Husserl’s discussion of the Crisis of the European Rationality vis-à-vis his appe ...
... points of convergence between contemporary philosophy and contemporary science (in early 20th century). I would then offer a kind of hermeneutics of the Relativity Theory and the Indeterminacy Principle in the light of Husserl’s discussion of the Crisis of the European Rationality vis-à-vis his appe ...
Aztec Philosophy - University Press of Colorado
... always say – but in private – that the Greeks and the Bible are all that is serious in humanity. Everything else is dancing”;10 and Richard Rorty who claimed that looking for philosophy outside of the West is “pointless” since philosophy is unique to Western culture.11 According to Robert Bernasconi ...
... always say – but in private – that the Greeks and the Bible are all that is serious in humanity. Everything else is dancing”;10 and Richard Rorty who claimed that looking for philosophy outside of the West is “pointless” since philosophy is unique to Western culture.11 According to Robert Bernasconi ...
Leiter, Brian / Weisberg, Michael 2012.10.03 in The Nation: Reviewd
... other as it revolves around the seemingly flat earth. Happily, Nagel does not attempt to repudiate the Copernican revolution in astronomy, despite its hostility to common sense. But he displays none of the same humility when it comes to his preferred claims of common sense—the kind of humility that ...
... other as it revolves around the seemingly flat earth. Happily, Nagel does not attempt to repudiate the Copernican revolution in astronomy, despite its hostility to common sense. But he displays none of the same humility when it comes to his preferred claims of common sense—the kind of humility that ...
Kitcher on Well-Ordered Science: Should Science Be Measured
... which the distribution of resources to scientific and biomedical research can be evaluated, and which supports this criticism of current research agenda. One need not accept Kitcher's suggested standard to accept his claim about the need for some kind of standard. Even if one thought that the curren ...
... which the distribution of resources to scientific and biomedical research can be evaluated, and which supports this criticism of current research agenda. One need not accept Kitcher's suggested standard to accept his claim about the need for some kind of standard. Even if one thought that the curren ...
Ernest Gellner: A Philosopher as Anthropologist
... also the one to which I was temperamentally the most suited.2 There were other personal reasons for the appeal that anthropology made to him. His hobby was mountaineering, and climbing in the Atlas mountains in Morocco he had become curious about the Berbers. Also, he had come to the conclusion tha ...
... also the one to which I was temperamentally the most suited.2 There were other personal reasons for the appeal that anthropology made to him. His hobby was mountaineering, and climbing in the Atlas mountains in Morocco he had become curious about the Berbers. Also, he had come to the conclusion tha ...
The Principles of History RGCollingwood and
... kind of rigor and creativity as traditional science. Natural science became modern in the early 17th century, while history as a science has been lagging behind until recently, and Collingwood is out to make history catch up. For that purpose he makes a passionate and cogent argument for what histor ...
... kind of rigor and creativity as traditional science. Natural science became modern in the early 17th century, while history as a science has been lagging behind until recently, and Collingwood is out to make history catch up. For that purpose he makes a passionate and cogent argument for what histor ...
philosophy of language for metaethics
... the attitude that the second member reports (see Schroeder [2008], Gibbard [2003]). This view quickly lands expressivists in the midst of needing to answer very general questions in the philosophy of language about what the relationship is between ‘grass is green’ and the belief that grass is green. ...
... the attitude that the second member reports (see Schroeder [2008], Gibbard [2003]). This view quickly lands expressivists in the midst of needing to answer very general questions in the philosophy of language about what the relationship is between ‘grass is green’ and the belief that grass is green. ...
6th-annual-house-bulletin-abstracts-9-oct1
... In the last book of his Republic Plato presents a puzzling myth, which some modern commentators regard as an anticlimactic, while other as a well-suited and illuminating end of the great dialogue. Be that as it may, the Myth of Er remains a fascinating reading, due to both its artistic excellence, a ...
... In the last book of his Republic Plato presents a puzzling myth, which some modern commentators regard as an anticlimactic, while other as a well-suited and illuminating end of the great dialogue. Be that as it may, the Myth of Er remains a fascinating reading, due to both its artistic excellence, a ...
What Does Biological Science Provide for Contemporary Philosophy?
... symmetrical. Thus, if a scientific theory can make good prediction, its explanatory value is also high; on the other hand, if its explanatory value is high, then it can make good predictions. Mayr believes, such parlance does not fit biology. He states: “the theory of natural selection can describ ...
... symmetrical. Thus, if a scientific theory can make good prediction, its explanatory value is also high; on the other hand, if its explanatory value is high, then it can make good predictions. Mayr believes, such parlance does not fit biology. He states: “the theory of natural selection can describ ...
-1- HUSSERL`S DISCOVERY OF PHILOSOPHICAL DISCOURSE
... in Husserl, and in Plato Socrates (or his replacements) is the one who has carried out the transcendental reduction. Now, the citizen and the ruler or lawgiver are themselves already engaged in the truth of things. They are part of a city and not a herd, and so their laws, customs, and actions are ...
... in Husserl, and in Plato Socrates (or his replacements) is the one who has carried out the transcendental reduction. Now, the citizen and the ruler or lawgiver are themselves already engaged in the truth of things. They are part of a city and not a herd, and so their laws, customs, and actions are ...
Philosophy, Spoken Word, Written Text and Beyond
... vestigations dated January 1945 there appears what at first might be taken as a personal comment on his unsuccessful attempt to produce a coherent piece of writing: It was my intention at first to bring all this together in a book whose form I pictured differently at different times. But the essenti ...
... vestigations dated January 1945 there appears what at first might be taken as a personal comment on his unsuccessful attempt to produce a coherent piece of writing: It was my intention at first to bring all this together in a book whose form I pictured differently at different times. But the essenti ...
Trying to keep philosophy honest
... work is carried out along lines inspired by him, it is hardly noted by philosophers of a different bent of mind. Indeed one can speak of a marginalization of his influence in philosophy. I am thinking in particular of the situation in the English-speaking world and in Scandinavia, which is where Wit ...
... work is carried out along lines inspired by him, it is hardly noted by philosophers of a different bent of mind. Indeed one can speak of a marginalization of his influence in philosophy. I am thinking in particular of the situation in the English-speaking world and in Scandinavia, which is where Wit ...
Contemplation of the Variety of the World
... religion. One of them has to do with the philosopher’s ability to understand perspectives other than his own. According to Richard Amesbury, Phillips seems to hold that fair-minded philosophers can, in principle, overcome their limitations in contemplating possibilities that are at variance with the ...
... religion. One of them has to do with the philosopher’s ability to understand perspectives other than his own. According to Richard Amesbury, Phillips seems to hold that fair-minded philosophers can, in principle, overcome their limitations in contemplating possibilities that are at variance with the ...
Social Theory
... character of the world here and now also contains a promise as to the future: it is not just `my´ world, but it is about a world shared in common indefinitely. As long as there is any trace of mankind left in the universe, the interpretive processes will continue to operate. In the pragmatist philos ...
... character of the world here and now also contains a promise as to the future: it is not just `my´ world, but it is about a world shared in common indefinitely. As long as there is any trace of mankind left in the universe, the interpretive processes will continue to operate. In the pragmatist philos ...
On evidence and evidence-based medicine: Lessons
... that observation is theory-laden; that is, our observations are ‘‘coloured’’ by our background beliefs and assumptions (and therefore can never be, even under the most ideal circumstances or controlled experimental settings, the unmitigated perception of the nature of things). In the second, Duhem ( ...
... that observation is theory-laden; that is, our observations are ‘‘coloured’’ by our background beliefs and assumptions (and therefore can never be, even under the most ideal circumstances or controlled experimental settings, the unmitigated perception of the nature of things). In the second, Duhem ( ...
1 What is Scientific Progress? Lessons from Scientific Practice Moti
... advantage over the other, or acquired one from an external source. For Rowbottom, this thought experiment refutes (E), since his intuition is that the people on each planet have made some scientific progress (which need not be equal). This shows, according to Rowbottom, that scientific progress is p ...
... advantage over the other, or acquired one from an external source. For Rowbottom, this thought experiment refutes (E), since his intuition is that the people on each planet have made some scientific progress (which need not be equal). This shows, according to Rowbottom, that scientific progress is p ...
The Double-Edged Sword of Reason The Scholar`s Predicament
... excludes the taking of such a point of view.4 This double-edgedness is amply illustrated in and by the papers that compose this symposium. From these varied contributions, it emerges that Méditations pascaliennes is not one but three books contained within each other in the manner of Russian dolls. ...
... excludes the taking of such a point of view.4 This double-edgedness is amply illustrated in and by the papers that compose this symposium. From these varied contributions, it emerges that Méditations pascaliennes is not one but three books contained within each other in the manner of Russian dolls. ...
Mark and Lack: On Zero
... not a statement that would be neither neither provable [démontrable] nor unprovable (which would be meaningless). On the contrary, the heart of Gödel's proof consists in the demonstration that such a statement is not provable. It is therefore clearly assigned to one of the two halves. An undecidable ...
... not a statement that would be neither neither provable [démontrable] nor unprovable (which would be meaningless). On the contrary, the heart of Gödel's proof consists in the demonstration that such a statement is not provable. It is therefore clearly assigned to one of the two halves. An undecidable ...
Philosophy of science
Philosophy of science is a branch of philosophy concerned with the foundations, methods, and implications of science. The central questions of this study concern what qualifies as science, the reliability of scientific theories, and the ultimate purpose of science. This discipline overlaps with metaphysics, ontology, and epistemology, for example, when it explores the relationship between science and truth.There is no consensus among philosophers about many of the central problems concerned with the philosophy of science, including whether science can reveal the truth about unobservable things and whether scientific reasoning can be justified at all. In addition to these general questions about science as a whole, philosophers of science consider problems that apply to particular sciences (such as biology or physics). Some philosophers of science also use contemporary results in science to reach conclusions about philosophy itself.While relevant philosophical thought dates back at least to the time of Aristotle, philosophy of science emerged as a distinct discipline only in the middle of the 20th century in the wake of the logical positivism movement, which aimed to formulate criteria for ensuring all philosophical statements' meaningfulness and objectively assessing them. Thomas Kuhn's book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962) brought into the mainstream the word ""paradigm"", meaning the set of concepts that define a scientific discipline in a particular period. In his book, Kuhn challenged the established view of ""scientific progress as a gradual, cumulative acquisition of knowledge based on rationally chosen experimental frameworks"".In the 21st century, someTemplate:Which? thinkers seek to ground science in axiomatic assumptions, such as the uniformity of nature. Many philosophers of science, however, take a coherentist approach to science, in which a theory is validated if it makes sense of observations as part of a coherent whole. Still others, and Paul Feyerabend (1924-1994) in particular, argue that there is no such thing as the ""scientific method"", so all approaches to science should be allowed, including explicitly supernatural ones. (Feyerabend remains in the minority among philosophers of science.) Another approach to thinking about science involves studying how knowledge is created from a sociological perspective, an approach represented by scholars like David Bloor and Barry Barnes. Finally, a tradition in Continental philosophy approaches science from the perspective of a rigorous analysis of human experience.Philosophies of the particular sciences range from questions about the nature of time raised by Einstein's general relativity, to the implications of economics for public policy. A central theme is whether one scientific discipline can be reduced to the terms of another. That is, can chemistry be reduced to physics, or can sociology be reduced to individual psychology? The general questions of philosophy of science also arise with greater specificity in some particular sciences. For instance, the question of the validity of scientific reasoning is seen in a different guise in the foundations of statistics. The question of what counts as science and what should be excluded arises as a life-or-death matter in the philosophy of medicine. Additionally, the philosophies of biology, of psychology, and of the social sciences explore whether the scientific studies of human nature can achieve objectivity or are inevitably shaped by values and by social relations.