`Among contemporaries the most exciting thinker, masterful
... Ryle noted an alarming tendency towards unintelligibility, even in Heidegger’s early work. But at the time phenomenology was not sharply separated from other philosophy, either on the continent or in the Anglo-American tradition. Husserl, for instance, was carefully studied by Bertrand Russell. Phen ...
... Ryle noted an alarming tendency towards unintelligibility, even in Heidegger’s early work. But at the time phenomenology was not sharply separated from other philosophy, either on the continent or in the Anglo-American tradition. Husserl, for instance, was carefully studied by Bertrand Russell. Phen ...
Epistemic Line of Explanation for Experimental
... latter, with Railton, who maintains: “Where the orthodox covering-law account of explanation propounded by Hempel and others was right has been in claiming that explanatory practice in the sciences is in a central way law-seeking or nomothetic. Where it went wrong was in interpreting this fact as gr ...
... latter, with Railton, who maintains: “Where the orthodox covering-law account of explanation propounded by Hempel and others was right has been in claiming that explanatory practice in the sciences is in a central way law-seeking or nomothetic. Where it went wrong was in interpreting this fact as gr ...
A Philosophy of Human Science for Christian Psychology
... The current model is an attempt to further Christian thinking in psychology and counseling by building upon the strengths of both the integration and biblical counseling models and avoiding their respective weaknesses. For those interested in a wise science of human beings, an Augustinian-Thomist ap ...
... The current model is an attempt to further Christian thinking in psychology and counseling by building upon the strengths of both the integration and biblical counseling models and avoiding their respective weaknesses. For those interested in a wise science of human beings, an Augustinian-Thomist ap ...
Interpretation as Explanation - Philsci
... the problem in need of an explanation. Such a change of explanation comes not only with historical development over time but also with the shift in the problem context. Also on a higher level the fact is that scientific theories may be empirically underdetermined by evidence, which means that the th ...
... the problem in need of an explanation. Such a change of explanation comes not only with historical development over time but also with the shift in the problem context. Also on a higher level the fact is that scientific theories may be empirically underdetermined by evidence, which means that the th ...
Is and Ought, and the `naturalistic fallacy`
... The prime aim of this chapter is to argue that social science’s understandings of values and reason are deficient, both with regard to its own methodology, and to understanding their place in social life in general. In particular, I wish to attack the common assumptions that values are beyond the sc ...
... The prime aim of this chapter is to argue that social science’s understandings of values and reason are deficient, both with regard to its own methodology, and to understanding their place in social life in general. In particular, I wish to attack the common assumptions that values are beyond the sc ...
Concepts and Objects
... stored.4 Re-inscribing Kant’s transcendental difference between noesis and aisthesis within nature, Sellars develops an inferentialist account of the normative structure of conception that allows him to prosecute a scientific realism unencumbered by the epistemological strictures of empiricism.5 In ...
... stored.4 Re-inscribing Kant’s transcendental difference between noesis and aisthesis within nature, Sellars develops an inferentialist account of the normative structure of conception that allows him to prosecute a scientific realism unencumbered by the epistemological strictures of empiricism.5 In ...
Quining Naturalism
... predicates—say, the terms we use in talking about medium sized objects, or in talking about numbers. Carnap thought that adopting such a framework, or way of talking, typically brings with it ontological methods and questions. These are ‘internal’ questions, questions that arise within the framework ...
... predicates—say, the terms we use in talking about medium sized objects, or in talking about numbers. Carnap thought that adopting such a framework, or way of talking, typically brings with it ontological methods and questions. These are ‘internal’ questions, questions that arise within the framework ...
this PDF file
... sceptical problématique in a manner that both enacts and undoes its more pernicious effects, teaching us how to “live with skepticism”: to acknowledge its force and persistence, yet not allow ourselves to become debilitated by it. Or put differently, film offers an aesthetically rich way of experien ...
... sceptical problématique in a manner that both enacts and undoes its more pernicious effects, teaching us how to “live with skepticism”: to acknowledge its force and persistence, yet not allow ourselves to become debilitated by it. Or put differently, film offers an aesthetically rich way of experien ...
In Defence of Indispensability
... any supra-scientific tribunal, and not in need of any justification beyond observation and the hypotheticc-deductive method. ... The naturalistic philosopher begins his reasoning within the inherited world theory as a going concern. He tentatively believes all of it, but believes also that some unid ...
... any supra-scientific tribunal, and not in need of any justification beyond observation and the hypotheticc-deductive method. ... The naturalistic philosopher begins his reasoning within the inherited world theory as a going concern. He tentatively believes all of it, but believes also that some unid ...
hellenic philosophy
... freedom and the concomitant religious tolerance, as experienced in the Hellenic, pre-Christian era in the Mediterranean world, be revived. Such freedom should be fostered in the post-modern world, if our fragile, global, and diverse cultural community is to be preserved and flourish in the dawning n ...
... freedom and the concomitant religious tolerance, as experienced in the Hellenic, pre-Christian era in the Mediterranean world, be revived. Such freedom should be fostered in the post-modern world, if our fragile, global, and diverse cultural community is to be preserved and flourish in the dawning n ...
Explanations of Meaningful Actions
... into a causal nexus. His claim is that such reasons could be causes even if we could not come up with any generalizations that link the having of a reason and an action (this is the position of “anomalous monism”). This claim can be easily supported by the large literature on singular causation in p ...
... into a causal nexus. His claim is that such reasons could be causes even if we could not come up with any generalizations that link the having of a reason and an action (this is the position of “anomalous monism”). This claim can be easily supported by the large literature on singular causation in p ...
B.A. PHILOSOPHY PR OGRAMME UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT (CUCBCSS -2014 admn.) (I SEMESTER)
... wisdom’. The term science comes from the Latin word ‘scire’ which means ‘to know’. The distinction between philosophy and science is not absolute. However, there are some differences between them in terms of methods and concerns. i) Philosophy is the basic discipline that enters into all areas of hu ...
... wisdom’. The term science comes from the Latin word ‘scire’ which means ‘to know’. The distinction between philosophy and science is not absolute. However, there are some differences between them in terms of methods and concerns. i) Philosophy is the basic discipline that enters into all areas of hu ...
Explanation as orgasm and the drive for causal
... not classify objects together when the experimenter simply held them over the machine and pressed a button that made the machine light up. A mere association between the object and the event was not enough to influence the children’s categorization. Like ...
... not classify objects together when the experimenter simply held them over the machine and pressed a button that made the machine light up. A mere association between the object and the event was not enough to influence the children’s categorization. Like ...
Blaise Pascal. (1623-1662). His Religious Philosophy
... whereas a perfect procedure would define and demonstrate everything. Geometricians, however, are quite justified in not demonstrating that two quantities which are equal to a third are equal to each other, and in not giving a definition of space, time, and number, for such explanations as they might ...
... whereas a perfect procedure would define and demonstrate everything. Geometricians, however, are quite justified in not demonstrating that two quantities which are equal to a third are equal to each other, and in not giving a definition of space, time, and number, for such explanations as they might ...
SI Hayakawa, Charles Sanders Peirce and the Scientific Method
... sought to explore the relationship between words, human thought, and practical action. Peirce’s original work in semiotics is by far the most thoroughgoing and sustained early attempt to give an account of signs and their interrelations. When assessing the truth or falsehood of an idea, Peirce held ...
... sought to explore the relationship between words, human thought, and practical action. Peirce’s original work in semiotics is by far the most thoroughgoing and sustained early attempt to give an account of signs and their interrelations. When assessing the truth or falsehood of an idea, Peirce held ...
On Worldviews and Philosophy
... In short, a worldview is presented as a global Vorverständnis, or pre-understanding, which all people (including scholars and scientists) [42] hold to and live by. Assuming that worldviews in this sense do exist, then the claim that we are in a position fully to understand them would be a contradict ...
... In short, a worldview is presented as a global Vorverständnis, or pre-understanding, which all people (including scholars and scientists) [42] hold to and live by. Assuming that worldviews in this sense do exist, then the claim that we are in a position fully to understand them would be a contradict ...
On the Theory and Practice of Intercultural Philosophy
... without the violence of a particular structure. It is about a new cul‐ ture of philosophising. Several questions that are inseparable from this new culture arise naturally: What obstacles may hinder a peaceful meeting and constructive exchange between cultures, systems of thought, ...
... without the violence of a particular structure. It is about a new cul‐ ture of philosophising. Several questions that are inseparable from this new culture arise naturally: What obstacles may hinder a peaceful meeting and constructive exchange between cultures, systems of thought, ...
Scientific Explanation- Causation and Unification
... conclusions. If any of them is broken, the conclusions can’t be true. That’s why it is important to mention them and to check if they are analyzed in the paper. But before I analyze the propositions further, I would like to mention, that from 4 and 5 deductively follows that unification and causal-m ...
... conclusions. If any of them is broken, the conclusions can’t be true. That’s why it is important to mention them and to check if they are analyzed in the paper. But before I analyze the propositions further, I would like to mention, that from 4 and 5 deductively follows that unification and causal-m ...
方法論讀書心得四 : The Nature of Meaningful Behavior (Chap 2) and
... application to be committed, such as the rule with language, as well as within a social context. With the ‘N’ example, Winch deploys one of his main argument, “if words are to retain any meaning, they (people) cannot be said to be ‘voting’ unless they have some conception of the significance of what ...
... application to be committed, such as the rule with language, as well as within a social context. With the ‘N’ example, Winch deploys one of his main argument, “if words are to retain any meaning, they (people) cannot be said to be ‘voting’ unless they have some conception of the significance of what ...
African Philosophy
... method of philosophy involve a rigorous process of critical analysis of concepts, issues, and problems, these dogmatic cultural beliefs and worldviews cannot be considered philosophical in the technical sense. To say that a people or culture has a philosophy in the folk sense, which is a necessary f ...
... method of philosophy involve a rigorous process of critical analysis of concepts, issues, and problems, these dogmatic cultural beliefs and worldviews cannot be considered philosophical in the technical sense. To say that a people or culture has a philosophy in the folk sense, which is a necessary f ...
Naturalism in Philosophy www.AssignmentPoint.com Naturalism in
... Assuming naturalism in working methods is the current paradigm, without the unfounded consideration of naturalism as an absolute truth with philosophical entailment, called methodological naturalism. The subject matter here is a philosophy of acquiring knowledge based on an assumed paradigm. ...
... Assuming naturalism in working methods is the current paradigm, without the unfounded consideration of naturalism as an absolute truth with philosophical entailment, called methodological naturalism. The subject matter here is a philosophy of acquiring knowledge based on an assumed paradigm. ...
Session 4: Doing philosophy: fallacies
... Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Fallacies Subtypes of the ad hominem fallacy Poisoning the well – presenting adverse information about a target person with the intention of discrediting everything that the target person says. Appeal to motive – dismissing an idea by questioning the mot ...
... Introduction to Philosophy Doing Philosophy: Fallacies Subtypes of the ad hominem fallacy Poisoning the well – presenting adverse information about a target person with the intention of discrediting everything that the target person says. Appeal to motive – dismissing an idea by questioning the mot ...
Gregg 1 Lauren Gregg Hist 190x 11/19/12 Science and Religion
... unique problem. Because of his mathematic genius, however, the University was willing to make a surprising exception and waived the rules by royal dispensation.7 This is an example of how the Enlightenment ...
... unique problem. Because of his mathematic genius, however, the University was willing to make a surprising exception and waived the rules by royal dispensation.7 This is an example of how the Enlightenment ...
Real, invented or applied? Some reflections on scientific objectivity
... degrees, what does it mean for social scientific objects to be ‘more or less real’, if there is no reality-check point for these objects? Do they exist at all before science makes them ‘emerge’? In other words, we are left with the question of how objects which lack quotidian prehistory (colloquial ...
... degrees, what does it mean for social scientific objects to be ‘more or less real’, if there is no reality-check point for these objects? Do they exist at all before science makes them ‘emerge’? In other words, we are left with the question of how objects which lack quotidian prehistory (colloquial ...
Philosophy of science
Philosophy of science is a branch of philosophy concerned with the foundations, methods, and implications of science. The central questions of this study concern what qualifies as science, the reliability of scientific theories, and the ultimate purpose of science. This discipline overlaps with metaphysics, ontology, and epistemology, for example, when it explores the relationship between science and truth.There is no consensus among philosophers about many of the central problems concerned with the philosophy of science, including whether science can reveal the truth about unobservable things and whether scientific reasoning can be justified at all. In addition to these general questions about science as a whole, philosophers of science consider problems that apply to particular sciences (such as biology or physics). Some philosophers of science also use contemporary results in science to reach conclusions about philosophy itself.While relevant philosophical thought dates back at least to the time of Aristotle, philosophy of science emerged as a distinct discipline only in the middle of the 20th century in the wake of the logical positivism movement, which aimed to formulate criteria for ensuring all philosophical statements' meaningfulness and objectively assessing them. Thomas Kuhn's book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962) brought into the mainstream the word ""paradigm"", meaning the set of concepts that define a scientific discipline in a particular period. In his book, Kuhn challenged the established view of ""scientific progress as a gradual, cumulative acquisition of knowledge based on rationally chosen experimental frameworks"".In the 21st century, someTemplate:Which? thinkers seek to ground science in axiomatic assumptions, such as the uniformity of nature. Many philosophers of science, however, take a coherentist approach to science, in which a theory is validated if it makes sense of observations as part of a coherent whole. Still others, and Paul Feyerabend (1924-1994) in particular, argue that there is no such thing as the ""scientific method"", so all approaches to science should be allowed, including explicitly supernatural ones. (Feyerabend remains in the minority among philosophers of science.) Another approach to thinking about science involves studying how knowledge is created from a sociological perspective, an approach represented by scholars like David Bloor and Barry Barnes. Finally, a tradition in Continental philosophy approaches science from the perspective of a rigorous analysis of human experience.Philosophies of the particular sciences range from questions about the nature of time raised by Einstein's general relativity, to the implications of economics for public policy. A central theme is whether one scientific discipline can be reduced to the terms of another. That is, can chemistry be reduced to physics, or can sociology be reduced to individual psychology? The general questions of philosophy of science also arise with greater specificity in some particular sciences. For instance, the question of the validity of scientific reasoning is seen in a different guise in the foundations of statistics. The question of what counts as science and what should be excluded arises as a life-or-death matter in the philosophy of medicine. Additionally, the philosophies of biology, of psychology, and of the social sciences explore whether the scientific studies of human nature can achieve objectivity or are inevitably shaped by values and by social relations.