10mb ppt - UCLA.edu
... Initiated usually by Ag-Ab complex Usually, acts as effector mechanism for adaptive immune response ...
... Initiated usually by Ag-Ab complex Usually, acts as effector mechanism for adaptive immune response ...
CHAPTER 16: LYMPHATIC SYSTEM AND IMMUNITY OBJECTIVES
... Blood Vessels dilate increasing capillary permeability so blood floods area. Chemicals released by damaged tissues attract various white blood cells to the site of injury. Tissue fluid leaks into area Fibroblasts arrive ...
... Blood Vessels dilate increasing capillary permeability so blood floods area. Chemicals released by damaged tissues attract various white blood cells to the site of injury. Tissue fluid leaks into area Fibroblasts arrive ...
Groups of adhesive molecules
... cell death (“Falling away”). Human body makes 100 million lymphocytes every day. If an equivalent number doesn’t die, will develop leukemia. B cells that do not encounter stimulating antigen will self-destruct and send signals to phagocytes to dispose of their remains. Many virus infected cell ...
... cell death (“Falling away”). Human body makes 100 million lymphocytes every day. If an equivalent number doesn’t die, will develop leukemia. B cells that do not encounter stimulating antigen will self-destruct and send signals to phagocytes to dispose of their remains. Many virus infected cell ...
in this issue - The Journal of Immunology
... mouse splenocytes. They found that administration of the adjuvant resulted in an enhanced Ag-specific CD8⫹ T cell response. In addition, the mice that received the adjuvant exhibited increased protection against subsequent infection with live P. yoelii sporozoites. DC-CK1 may therefore be an effecti ...
... mouse splenocytes. They found that administration of the adjuvant resulted in an enhanced Ag-specific CD8⫹ T cell response. In addition, the mice that received the adjuvant exhibited increased protection against subsequent infection with live P. yoelii sporozoites. DC-CK1 may therefore be an effecti ...
thymus gland - Biology Notes Help
... Thymus provides the environment where the T cells are developed and trained to locate different antigen. The function of the thymus is to receive immature T cells that are produces in the red bone marrow and train them into functional, mature T cell that attack only foreign cell. T cell first reside ...
... Thymus provides the environment where the T cells are developed and trained to locate different antigen. The function of the thymus is to receive immature T cells that are produces in the red bone marrow and train them into functional, mature T cell that attack only foreign cell. T cell first reside ...
Immunity_Hypersensitivity_Allergy_and_Autoimmune_Diseases
... • Main defense against bacteria and bacterial toxins – Cell-mediated immunity • Formation of a population of lymphocytes that attack and destroy foreign material • Main defense against viruses, fungi, parasites, and some bacteria • Mechanism by which body rejects transplanted organs • Means of elimi ...
... • Main defense against bacteria and bacterial toxins – Cell-mediated immunity • Formation of a population of lymphocytes that attack and destroy foreign material • Main defense against viruses, fungi, parasites, and some bacteria • Mechanism by which body rejects transplanted organs • Means of elimi ...
02. Lymphoid System lecture2010-10-01 03:421.2 MB
... positive cell if it contacts a cell bearing Class II MHC protein, but will differentiate into CD8 positive cell if it contacts a cell bearing Class I MHC proteins ...
... positive cell if it contacts a cell bearing Class II MHC protein, but will differentiate into CD8 positive cell if it contacts a cell bearing Class I MHC proteins ...
Immune System - Dr. Annette M. Parrott
... • Vitamin C concentrations in the plasma and leukocytes rapidly decline during infections and stress. Supplementation of vitamin C was found to improve components of the human immune system such as antimicrobial and natural killer cell activities, lymphocyte proliferation, chemotaxis, and delayed-ty ...
... • Vitamin C concentrations in the plasma and leukocytes rapidly decline during infections and stress. Supplementation of vitamin C was found to improve components of the human immune system such as antimicrobial and natural killer cell activities, lymphocyte proliferation, chemotaxis, and delayed-ty ...
The Immune System and Allergy
... • Antigen presenting cell (dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells) interact with T helper cell • Activated T cell binds to B cell • Activated B cells become plasma or memory B cells • Secreted antibody from plasma cells ...
... • Antigen presenting cell (dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells) interact with T helper cell • Activated T cell binds to B cell • Activated B cells become plasma or memory B cells • Secreted antibody from plasma cells ...
Immunology - Lecture 2 Adaptive Immune System 1
... of immune cells as well as their level of responses. ...
... of immune cells as well as their level of responses. ...
Lock and Key Model
... • Enzymes chemical proteins in the body that assist or speed up chemical reactions (catalyst) http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072495855/ student_view0/chapter2/an imation__how_enzymes_w ork.html ...
... • Enzymes chemical proteins in the body that assist or speed up chemical reactions (catalyst) http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072495855/ student_view0/chapter2/an imation__how_enzymes_w ork.html ...
PowerPoint Presentation - I. Introduction to class
... ACTIVITY OF OTHER CELLS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM. • DEFENSE AGAINST: • BACTERIA AND VIRUSES THAT ARE INSIDE HOST CELLS AND ARE INACCESSIBLE TO ANTIBODIES. • FUNGI, PROTOZOA, AND WORMS ...
... ACTIVITY OF OTHER CELLS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM. • DEFENSE AGAINST: • BACTERIA AND VIRUSES THAT ARE INSIDE HOST CELLS AND ARE INACCESSIBLE TO ANTIBODIES. • FUNGI, PROTOZOA, AND WORMS ...
Gamma
... activated cells. Human Vg9/Vd2+ T cells show TCR-dependent activation by certain low molecular weight phosphorylated molecules such as the microbial metabolite HMB-PP that is produced by most bacterial and some protozoan pathogens, and the cellular isoprenoid precursor IPP. Most gd T cells also reco ...
... activated cells. Human Vg9/Vd2+ T cells show TCR-dependent activation by certain low molecular weight phosphorylated molecules such as the microbial metabolite HMB-PP that is produced by most bacterial and some protozoan pathogens, and the cellular isoprenoid precursor IPP. Most gd T cells also reco ...
Chapter 7
... • Increased blood flow also brings more white blood cells to an injured area with neutrophils being the first scouts to kill pathogens • This response can be short-lived but if the neutrophils cannot control the damage cytokines (chemicals) will call in more white blood cells including macrophages ...
... • Increased blood flow also brings more white blood cells to an injured area with neutrophils being the first scouts to kill pathogens • This response can be short-lived but if the neutrophils cannot control the damage cytokines (chemicals) will call in more white blood cells including macrophages ...
AP immune
... • Plasma proteins that take part in both specific and nonspecific response • Activation of one triggers cascade of reactions that activate others • some insert into plasma membranes of pathogens and initiate lysis • some promote inflammation • some form concentration gradients that phagocytic white ...
... • Plasma proteins that take part in both specific and nonspecific response • Activation of one triggers cascade of reactions that activate others • some insert into plasma membranes of pathogens and initiate lysis • some promote inflammation • some form concentration gradients that phagocytic white ...
lac-1
... T- LYMPHOCYTES T lymphocytes also arise in the bone marrow. Unlike B cells,which mature within the bone marrow, T cells migrate to the thymus gland to mature. During its maturation within the thymus, the T cell comes to express a unique antigen-binding molecule, called the T-cell receptor, on its me ...
... T- LYMPHOCYTES T lymphocytes also arise in the bone marrow. Unlike B cells,which mature within the bone marrow, T cells migrate to the thymus gland to mature. During its maturation within the thymus, the T cell comes to express a unique antigen-binding molecule, called the T-cell receptor, on its me ...
Document
... e. Most cells of a clone differentiate into plasma cells that can produce antibodies at a rate of 2,000 molecules per second. 2. The first time you are exposed to a particular antigen, your plasma cells produce mainly IgM. In later exposures to the same antigen, they produce mainly IgG. 3. The immun ...
... e. Most cells of a clone differentiate into plasma cells that can produce antibodies at a rate of 2,000 molecules per second. 2. The first time you are exposed to a particular antigen, your plasma cells produce mainly IgM. In later exposures to the same antigen, they produce mainly IgG. 3. The immun ...
B Cells - School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences
... In the picture, we see the fate of five different B-cells, each with A different receptor molecule. Note, these are also called antibodies. Much simplified: 1 & 5. These ones find themselves recognising a `self-antigen’. This leads to them getting killed off (`clonal deletion’). This happens as part ...
... In the picture, we see the fate of five different B-cells, each with A different receptor molecule. Note, these are also called antibodies. Much simplified: 1 & 5. These ones find themselves recognising a `self-antigen’. This leads to them getting killed off (`clonal deletion’). This happens as part ...
PowerPoint 演示文稿 - Shandong University
... Part Ⅳ Role of innate immunity 1. Defense against microbes • The early local reaction of innate immunity is the inflammatory response, in which leukocytes are recruited to the site of infection and activated to eradicate the infection. • Inflammation produces a variety of systemic changes in the h ...
... Part Ⅳ Role of innate immunity 1. Defense against microbes • The early local reaction of innate immunity is the inflammatory response, in which leukocytes are recruited to the site of infection and activated to eradicate the infection. • Inflammation produces a variety of systemic changes in the h ...
Chapter 24
... - Innate defenses include the skin and mucous membranes, phagocytic cells, and anti-microbial proteins. - The inflammation mobilizes nonspecific defense forces. - The lymphatic system is a crucial system during infection. - Antigens have specific regions where antibodies can bind. - Helper T cells h ...
... - Innate defenses include the skin and mucous membranes, phagocytic cells, and anti-microbial proteins. - The inflammation mobilizes nonspecific defense forces. - The lymphatic system is a crucial system during infection. - Antigens have specific regions where antibodies can bind. - Helper T cells h ...
Exam in Infection and Immunity 1BI004, November 1, 2013. Total 27
... (e.g. complete Freund’s adjuvance (CFA)) that contains ligands for Toll-like receptors. After a while the mice developed symptoms that resembled multiple sclerosis, with T cell infiltration of the brain. Give a plausible explanation why this happened, based on what you know about activation of T cel ...
... (e.g. complete Freund’s adjuvance (CFA)) that contains ligands for Toll-like receptors. After a while the mice developed symptoms that resembled multiple sclerosis, with T cell infiltration of the brain. Give a plausible explanation why this happened, based on what you know about activation of T cel ...
Phagocyte
Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting (phagocytosing) harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells. Their name comes from the Greek phagein, ""to eat"" or ""devour"", and ""-cyte"", the suffix in biology denoting ""cell"", from the Greek kutos, ""hollow vessel"". They are essential for fighting infections and for subsequent immunity. Phagocytes are important throughout the animal kingdom and are highly developed within vertebrates. One litre of human blood contains about six billion phagocytes. They were first discovered in 1882 by Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov while he was studying starfish larvae. Mechnikov was awarded the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery. Phagocytes occur in many species; some amoebae behave like macrophage phagocytes, which suggests that phagocytes appeared early in the evolution of life.Phagocytes of humans and other animals are called ""professional"" or ""non-professional"" depending on how effective they are at phagocytosis. The professional phagocytes include many types of white blood cells (such as neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, and dendritic cells). The main difference between professional and non-professional phagocytes is that the professional phagocytes have molecules called receptors on their surfaces that can detect harmful objects, such as bacteria, that are not normally found in the body. Phagocytes are crucial in fighting infections, as well as in maintaining healthy tissues by removing dead and dying cells that have reached the end of their lifespan.During an infection, chemical signals attract phagocytes to places where the pathogen has invaded the body. These chemicals may come from bacteria or from other phagocytes already present. The phagocytes move by a method called chemotaxis. When phagocytes come into contact with bacteria, the receptors on the phagocyte's surface will bind to them. This binding will lead to the engulfing of the bacteria by the phagocyte. Some phagocytes kill the ingested pathogen with oxidants and nitric oxide. After phagocytosis, macrophages and dendritic cells can also participate in antigen presentation, a process in which a phagocyte moves parts of the ingested material back to its surface. This material is then displayed to other cells of the immune system. Some phagocytes then travel to the body's lymph nodes and display the material to white blood cells called lymphocytes. This process is important in building immunity, and many pathogens have evolved methods to evade attacks by phagocytes.