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Sheet #3 / Dr.Yazan / Lana Ajlouni
Sheet #3 / Dr.Yazan / Lana Ajlouni

... Patients with sarcoidosis often complain form dry mouth. Upon examination the mirror will stick to the mucosa if there was dryness, or when the patient eats dry food remnants will stick to the surface of teeth. There are alot of tests for xerostomia depending on the case, but in most cases we use 1) ...
African and Asian Zika virus strains differentially induce early
African and Asian Zika virus strains differentially induce early

... RNA copy numbers increased with maximal expression levels detected at 48 hpi which were maintained up to 96 hpi during the course of infection. Next, we evaluated the ability of primary human astrocytes to produce viral progeny in vitro by determining viral titers in the supernatants of ZIKV-infecte ...
Immune System and Vaccines
Immune System and Vaccines

... cleaning  mechanisms.    The  skin  represents  a  tough  and  very  important  barrier  to  foreign  invaders.    A   rancher  only  needs  to  remember  their  last  encounter  doctoring  a  calf  with  a  broken  leg.    Fractures ...
Lecture 20
Lecture 20

... • Antibodies prevent hemagglutination • Antigen-antibody reaction which block the harmful effect of a virus or exotoxin ...
3. TUBERCULOSIS (TB) Cause/Epidemiology Tuberculosis (TB) is
3. TUBERCULOSIS (TB) Cause/Epidemiology Tuberculosis (TB) is

... Infection Prevention & Control Manual ...
DIPC report 2010/11
DIPC report 2010/11

... glycopeptide resistant enterococci (GRE) is isolated. Enterococci are a group of bacteria that are commonly found in the bowel of healthy people and can cause a range of infections, including blood stream infections. GRE is a type of enterococci which is resistant to a particular group of antibiotic ...
View - Infection Prevention Tools
View - Infection Prevention Tools

... Staff follows proper bag technique Staff follows proper hand hygiene procedure (degermer before and after all patient contact and between tasks except if hands are soiled – then soap and water) Staff encourages proper hand hygiene in patients and family per policy. Staff reports deaths or injury tha ...
On vaccination controls  for a  time-varying SEIR ... asymptotic removal of the infection
On vaccination controls for a time-varying SEIR ... asymptotic removal of the infection

... generalized model or modified generalized model) have been investigated at the levels of stability, oscillatory behaviors, permanence and control through the manipulation of the carrying capacity (see, for instance, [15]). On the other hand, the literature about epidemic mathematical models is exhau ...
LSE Communicable diseases response plan
LSE Communicable diseases response plan

... been diagnosed with, a serious communicable disease. It is intended for use when there is a public health need to protect those who have been in contact with the individual who is been ill, or to prevent further infection from a contaminated source (as in the case of food poisoning). Formal arrangem ...
Modified True / False 1. A vaccine results when pathogens invade
Modified True / False 1. A vaccine results when pathogens invade

Enterovirus Infection and Type 1 Diabetes: Closing in on a Link?
Enterovirus Infection and Type 1 Diabetes: Closing in on a Link?

... directly prove that enteroviruses cause T1D. They could also be mere secondary players in a complex immune process that ends with the destruction of b-cells. Supporting the concept of a potential viral presence that would contribute to the demise of b-cells, elevated levels of MHC-I have been found ...
Microbial Risk Levels
Microbial Risk Levels

... Yellow fever virus some encephalitis viruses Serratia marcescens HIV Rabies Coccidiodes immitis Hepatitis A,B,C Prions Cryptococcus neoformans No parasitic agents Most parasitic agents The organisms found in Biosafety level 1 are often genetically unable to invade human hosts. To some extent these c ...
Bacterial isolates of the respiratory tract infection
Bacterial isolates of the respiratory tract infection

... gonorrheae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (McGinn and Ahlawa, 2003). Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae are the most common organisms that causes bacterial super infection of viral acute sinusitis and less than 10% of cases of acute tracheobronchitis are caused by Bor ...
3 jmscr
3 jmscr

... Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a grampositive bacterial pathogen which is seen as a persistent commensal on the skin and mucous membrane of 20 to 30% of humans and in about 60% of humans, they are reported to have a sporadic colonization [26]. It is one among the most common cause of food pois ...
Viral Virulence - University of California, Los Angeles
Viral Virulence - University of California, Los Angeles

... genetically pure Variant viruses should differ by as little as possible Variant viruses should differ only under “nonpermissive” conditions; i.e. there should be culture or innoculation conditions where replication is comparable ...
Upper and lower respiratory tract infectionsard
Upper and lower respiratory tract infectionsard

...  S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae the leading causes in all age groups (most H. flu is from non-typable strains and not “B”)  Moraxella catarrhalis: 10% of cases  Some cases may be viral (RSV, influenza, enteroviruses)  Mycoplasma pneumoniae: inflammation of the tympanic ...
Temporal patterns in immunity, infection load and disease
Temporal patterns in immunity, infection load and disease

Why P. aeruginosa so virulent?
Why P. aeruginosa so virulent?

... Pseudomonas aeruginosa :an opportunistic pathogen Gram-negative rod Ubiquitous: soil aquatic habitats Low demanding In the hospital: Water Hospital plumbing, sinks Medical devices ...
INCIDENCE OF POST OPERATIVE WOUND INFECTIONS BY AEROBES WITH SPECIAL
INCIDENCE OF POST OPERATIVE WOUND INFECTIONS BY AEROBES WITH SPECIAL

... Aims: To identify aerobic cultural isolates from post operative infected wounds,to study drug sensitivity pattern of the isolated aerobes,to study Methicillin resistance pattern of isolated strains of Staphylococcus aureus and to study the source of flora, whether exogenous or endogenous. Material a ...
Rheumatologic Emergencies - Calgary Emergency Medicine
Rheumatologic Emergencies - Calgary Emergency Medicine

... Wrist, knee, and ankle most commonly affected 2/3 will have characteristic rash (necrotic pustules on distal extremities & fingers) ...
acral lick dermatitis
acral lick dermatitis

... Acral lick dermatitis refers to a situation where a dog repetitively licks their own skin, usually the top of a front leg but sometimes a hind leg or another area. This results in an oval patch of red, raw skin developing. It is what is known as a reaction pattern, which means that a wide range of d ...
of terms for the ecologic description
of terms for the ecologic description

... obtained; all three patients showed marked systemic immunocompromise. Multiple skin lesions were seen in 23% of cases; half of these patients showed clear evidence of deeper infection. Some patients had more than one manifestation of invasive disease. Immunologic impairment was a frequent component ...
Infectious Diseases Advanced Training
Infectious Diseases Advanced Training

... other apparent infections. Infectious diseases physicians have a key role in the management of acute problems and in long-term chronic care of patients, e.g. those suffering from HIV and chronic hepatitis. In this respect they focus both on the individual patient and the broader community affected b ...
Imaging of CNS Infections in Immunocompetent Hosts
Imaging of CNS Infections in Immunocompetent Hosts

... Meningitis   remains   a   clinical   diagnosis   with   confirmation   by   lumbar   puncture.       Imaging   is   generally   reserved   for   cases   in   which   the   diagnosis   is   unclear,   to   evaluate   for   potential   complic ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... A. The Omnipresence of Microorganisms 1. Microorganisms live in all parts of the biosphere where there is liquid water, including soil, hot springs, on the ocean floor, high in the atmosphere and deep inside rocks within the Earth's crust. 2. One teaspoon of topsoil contains about 1 billion bacteria ...
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Infection



Infection is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to these organisms and the toxins they produce. Infectious disease, also known as transmissible disease or communicable disease, is illness resulting from an infection.Infections are caused by infectious agents including viruses, viroids, prions, bacteria, nematodes such as parasitic roundworms and pinworms, arthropods such as ticks, mites, fleas, and lice, fungi such as ringworm, and other macroparasites such as tapeworms and other helminths.Hosts can fight infections using their immune system. Mammalian hosts react to infections with an innate response, often involving inflammation, followed by an adaptive response.Specific medications used to treat infections include antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, antiprotozoals, and antihelminthics. Infectious diseases resulted in 9.2 million deaths in 2013 (about 17% of all deaths). The branch of medicine that focuses on infections is referred to as Infectious Disease.
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