RESEARCH THEMES 2015 FOR MSc STUDENTS
... Thanks to the work of researchers round the world, knowledge and skills are developing rapidly in the medical sciences. At the center of each new development is a doctor who has successfully formulated the right questions about patient-related problems and written them up as a research protocol — fo ...
... Thanks to the work of researchers round the world, knowledge and skills are developing rapidly in the medical sciences. At the center of each new development is a doctor who has successfully formulated the right questions about patient-related problems and written them up as a research protocol — fo ...
Piperine inhibits cytokine production by human peripheral blood
... 1997), anti-pyretic (Virinder et al., 1997), anti-microbial (Kumar et al., 2007), and anti-inflammatory activities (Virinder et al., 1997; Pradeep and Kuttan, 2004; Kumar et al., 2007). Sunila and Kuttan (2004) showed that piperine could inhibit solid tumor development in mice induced with Dalton’s ...
... 1997), anti-pyretic (Virinder et al., 1997), anti-microbial (Kumar et al., 2007), and anti-inflammatory activities (Virinder et al., 1997; Pradeep and Kuttan, 2004; Kumar et al., 2007). Sunila and Kuttan (2004) showed that piperine could inhibit solid tumor development in mice induced with Dalton’s ...
Deep Insight Section Macrophages in human cancer: Current and future aspects
... IL-10 and TGFβ (Sica et al., 2000). This effect might be due to STAT3 activation in TAMs opposing STAT1 driven Th-1 anti-tumor responses (Allavena and Mantovani, 2012; Yu et al., 2009). Expression of MHC class II molecules on TAMs is actively downregulated by tumor cell derived TGF-β1, IL-10 and PGE ...
... IL-10 and TGFβ (Sica et al., 2000). This effect might be due to STAT3 activation in TAMs opposing STAT1 driven Th-1 anti-tumor responses (Allavena and Mantovani, 2012; Yu et al., 2009). Expression of MHC class II molecules on TAMs is actively downregulated by tumor cell derived TGF-β1, IL-10 and PGE ...
Immune Response During Transition – Lessard, et. al.
... reduced, and different types of antibody response to antigenic stimulations were developed compared with mice fed an n-6 enriched diet (Albers et al., 2002). Mechanisms involved in the regulation of immune response are not yet completely understood, but there is evidence that PUFA influence cellular ...
... reduced, and different types of antibody response to antigenic stimulations were developed compared with mice fed an n-6 enriched diet (Albers et al., 2002). Mechanisms involved in the regulation of immune response are not yet completely understood, but there is evidence that PUFA influence cellular ...
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
... • Long postganglionic axons travel to their targets via the gray ramus communicantes. • Some preganglionic axons travel to prevertebral ganglia via the splanchnic nerves--are not paired a) Celiac ganglion b) Superior mesenteric ganglion c) Inferior mesenteric ganglion d) Inferior hypogastric ganglio ...
... • Long postganglionic axons travel to their targets via the gray ramus communicantes. • Some preganglionic axons travel to prevertebral ganglia via the splanchnic nerves--are not paired a) Celiac ganglion b) Superior mesenteric ganglion c) Inferior mesenteric ganglion d) Inferior hypogastric ganglio ...
Identification of pleiotropic genes and gene sets underlying growth
... Genetic relationships among multiple traits often result from pleiotropy of a gene and linkage disequilibrium (LD) between the genes for the different traits (Bolormaa et al., 2014). The former is known as biological pleiotropy, whereas the latter is a type of spurious pleiotropy (Solovieff et al., ...
... Genetic relationships among multiple traits often result from pleiotropy of a gene and linkage disequilibrium (LD) between the genes for the different traits (Bolormaa et al., 2014). The former is known as biological pleiotropy, whereas the latter is a type of spurious pleiotropy (Solovieff et al., ...
Increased Susceptibility to Salmonella Infection in Signal Regulatory
... infection with an attenuated S. typhimurium strain, immunodeficient mice lacking CD4, MHC class II, IFN-g, or T-bet fail to clear a primary Salmonella infection, demonstrating an indispensable role for CD4 Th1 cells in Salmonella protective immunity (8–10). In addition, Ab responses are also known t ...
... infection with an attenuated S. typhimurium strain, immunodeficient mice lacking CD4, MHC class II, IFN-g, or T-bet fail to clear a primary Salmonella infection, demonstrating an indispensable role for CD4 Th1 cells in Salmonella protective immunity (8–10). In addition, Ab responses are also known t ...
T-bet: a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity
... T‑bet (encoded by Tbx21) is an immune cell-specific member of the T‑box family of transcription factors (FIG. 1). The adaptive immune system arose approxi‑ mately 500 million years ago in jawed fish probably as a result of the emergence of the recombination-activating gene (RAG) transposon1. Prior t ...
... T‑bet (encoded by Tbx21) is an immune cell-specific member of the T‑box family of transcription factors (FIG. 1). The adaptive immune system arose approxi‑ mately 500 million years ago in jawed fish probably as a result of the emergence of the recombination-activating gene (RAG) transposon1. Prior t ...
The Science Behind the emWave® and Inner Balance™ Technologies
... sends more signals to the brain than the brain sends to the heart! Moreover, these heart signals have a significant effect on brain function – influencing emotional processing as well as higher cognitive faculties such as attention, perception, memory, and problem-solving. In other words, not only d ...
... sends more signals to the brain than the brain sends to the heart! Moreover, these heart signals have a significant effect on brain function – influencing emotional processing as well as higher cognitive faculties such as attention, perception, memory, and problem-solving. In other words, not only d ...
Sleep and metabolism: Role of hypothalamic
... derived from the fact that pathological conditions in which sleep is pathologically disturbed are consistently associated with major risk for obesity. For example, 50%–98% of people with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a disorder characterized by repetitive episodes of upper-airway obstruction that l ...
... derived from the fact that pathological conditions in which sleep is pathologically disturbed are consistently associated with major risk for obesity. For example, 50%–98% of people with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a disorder characterized by repetitive episodes of upper-airway obstruction that l ...
Reprint - Immune Tolerance Network
... For example, inflammation induced by activation of the innate immune system (e.g., after infections) can favor loss of tolerance.10 Such loss of tolerance is a likely explanation for the occasional presence of autoantibodies against multiple organs as well as autoimmune disease that sometimes occurs ...
... For example, inflammation induced by activation of the innate immune system (e.g., after infections) can favor loss of tolerance.10 Such loss of tolerance is a likely explanation for the occasional presence of autoantibodies against multiple organs as well as autoimmune disease that sometimes occurs ...
The role of HIV-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in
... bind to both the HIV antigen (via their variable domains) and the FcgRIIIa (CD16) [4] (via their constant domain) ...
... bind to both the HIV antigen (via their variable domains) and the FcgRIIIa (CD16) [4] (via their constant domain) ...
SfN 2010 - Albion College
... studied by Yerkes using a T-maze. Allolobophora foetida (now Eisenia fetida) was punished with an electric shock for turning in one direction, and rewarded with access to a dark moist chamber for a turn in the opposite direction. Following his lead, many others used this T-maze procedure with earthw ...
... studied by Yerkes using a T-maze. Allolobophora foetida (now Eisenia fetida) was punished with an electric shock for turning in one direction, and rewarded with access to a dark moist chamber for a turn in the opposite direction. Following his lead, many others used this T-maze procedure with earthw ...
Original Article Female Rat Hippocampal Cell
... showed that this number also increased in female rats. It seems that there is no difference between male and female rats. Many studies have investigated the phenomenon of conditioning with opioids such as morphine (Zhai et al., 2008) and cocaine (Hernandez-Rabaza et al., 2008). In agreement with pre ...
... showed that this number also increased in female rats. It seems that there is no difference between male and female rats. Many studies have investigated the phenomenon of conditioning with opioids such as morphine (Zhai et al., 2008) and cocaine (Hernandez-Rabaza et al., 2008). In agreement with pre ...
Drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia
... covalently to a macromolecule such as a protein, in which form they act as a ÔhaptenÕ, to induce a humoral immune response. The resulting antibodies recognize the carrier molecule only where the ÔhaptenÕ is attached covalently. Accordingly, when drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia was first recogniz ...
... covalently to a macromolecule such as a protein, in which form they act as a ÔhaptenÕ, to induce a humoral immune response. The resulting antibodies recognize the carrier molecule only where the ÔhaptenÕ is attached covalently. Accordingly, when drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia was first recogniz ...
Dual role for B-1a cells in immunity to influenza virus infection
... S. pneumoniae after their adoptive transfer into Rag1⫺/⫺ recipient mice (17). B-1a cells did not mount anti–PPS-3 responses after immunization with heat-killed S. pneumoniae. Instead, they secreted high amounts of natural antibodies against phosphocholine, which is another antigenic determinant on S ...
... S. pneumoniae after their adoptive transfer into Rag1⫺/⫺ recipient mice (17). B-1a cells did not mount anti–PPS-3 responses after immunization with heat-killed S. pneumoniae. Instead, they secreted high amounts of natural antibodies against phosphocholine, which is another antigenic determinant on S ...
Mucosal vaccines: the promise and the challenge
... transmitted diseases. In the human intestine, 5–15% of mucosal plasma cells secrete IgG9, but IgG is susceptible to degradation by luminal intestinal and bacterial proteases. In large intestinal secretions, for example, IgG concentrations are generally 30- to 100-fold lower than those of sIgA26. Nev ...
... transmitted diseases. In the human intestine, 5–15% of mucosal plasma cells secrete IgG9, but IgG is susceptible to degradation by luminal intestinal and bacterial proteases. In large intestinal secretions, for example, IgG concentrations are generally 30- to 100-fold lower than those of sIgA26. Nev ...
Janeway`s Immunobiology, 9th Edition Chapter 2: Innate Immunity
... Multiple choice: Women with urinary tract infections caused by E. coli are generally treated with a course of antibiotics. A common complication of the antibiotic treatment is the occurrence of a vaginal yeast infection caused by Candida albicans, an organism that is normally present in very low num ...
... Multiple choice: Women with urinary tract infections caused by E. coli are generally treated with a course of antibiotics. A common complication of the antibiotic treatment is the occurrence of a vaginal yeast infection caused by Candida albicans, an organism that is normally present in very low num ...
Macrophage polarization in metabolic disorders - HAL
... phenotypic analysis, several macrophage sub-populations have been identified in human atherosclerosis. In human coronary arteries, macrophages expressing both CD68 and CD14 appear, while a CD68+CD14- sub-population appear predominant in areas devoid of disease [14]. While the CD68+CD14+ cells expres ...
... phenotypic analysis, several macrophage sub-populations have been identified in human atherosclerosis. In human coronary arteries, macrophages expressing both CD68 and CD14 appear, while a CD68+CD14- sub-population appear predominant in areas devoid of disease [14]. While the CD68+CD14+ cells expres ...
Asthma and pulmonary arterial hypertension: pathogenesis? PERSPECTIVE
... attributable to NFAT activation: asthma and PAH (fig. 2). 2) Replacement therapy with VIP reverses both phenotypes. 3) The therapeutic effect of VIP in VIP-/- mice duplicates that of the VIVIT peptide [49], a selective calcineurin/NFAT pathway inhibitor. 4) These findings suggest that lack of the VI ...
... attributable to NFAT activation: asthma and PAH (fig. 2). 2) Replacement therapy with VIP reverses both phenotypes. 3) The therapeutic effect of VIP in VIP-/- mice duplicates that of the VIVIT peptide [49], a selective calcineurin/NFAT pathway inhibitor. 4) These findings suggest that lack of the VI ...
Drosophila melanogasteras a model for human intestinal infection
... columnar or cuboidal cells called enterocytes (Figs 2 and 3). To maximize its surface area, mammalian intestinal epithelium has a series of sequential depressions (the crypts of Lieberkühn) along the small and large intestine, and has protruding villi along the internal surface of the small intestin ...
... columnar or cuboidal cells called enterocytes (Figs 2 and 3). To maximize its surface area, mammalian intestinal epithelium has a series of sequential depressions (the crypts of Lieberkühn) along the small and large intestine, and has protruding villi along the internal surface of the small intestin ...
Article
... of drug-related adverse effects and drug resistance there is growing interest for immunotherapy as an adjunct to antiviral therapy. Understanding the mechanisms developed by the immune system to control HCMV is therefore critical to enable the design of new curative or preemptive protocols aimed at ...
... of drug-related adverse effects and drug resistance there is growing interest for immunotherapy as an adjunct to antiviral therapy. Understanding the mechanisms developed by the immune system to control HCMV is therefore critical to enable the design of new curative or preemptive protocols aimed at ...
Psychoneuroimmunology
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI), also referred to as psychoendoneuroimmunology (PENI), is the study of the interaction between psychological processes and the nervous and immune systems of the human body. PNI takes an interdisciplinary approach, incorporating psychology, neuroscience, immunology, physiology, genetics, pharmacology, molecular biology, psychiatry, behavioral medicine, infectious diseases, endocrinology, and rheumatology.The main interests of PNI are the interactions between the nervous and immune systems and the relationships between mental processes and health. PNI studies, among other things, the physiological functioning of the neuroimmune system in health and disease; disorders of the neuroimmune system (autoimmune diseases; hypersensitivities; immune deficiency); and the physical, chemical and physiological characteristics of the components of the neuroimmune system in vitro, in situ, and in vivo.