Biology of Bony Fish Macrophages
... teleost monopoietic consequences unique from those of mammals. Such deviations have already been documented for other teleost cytokine-receptor systems, such as the type II IFNs [45–48], and render it more likely that the multiple fish CSF-1s and CSF-1Rs may also possess complex interactions, distin ...
... teleost monopoietic consequences unique from those of mammals. Such deviations have already been documented for other teleost cytokine-receptor systems, such as the type II IFNs [45–48], and render it more likely that the multiple fish CSF-1s and CSF-1Rs may also possess complex interactions, distin ...
Thyroid Glossary - YOUR THYROID And YOU
... Pretibial myxedema - Skin condition characterized by swollen, itchy patches of skin on the front of the lower legs or shins. This condition is associated with Graves' disease. Primary Amenorrhoea - The inability to menstruate, caused by a failure of sexual maturation and function. Prognosis - The pr ...
... Pretibial myxedema - Skin condition characterized by swollen, itchy patches of skin on the front of the lower legs or shins. This condition is associated with Graves' disease. Primary Amenorrhoea - The inability to menstruate, caused by a failure of sexual maturation and function. Prognosis - The pr ...
Pinto, A. K., A. M. Jamieson, D. H. Raulet, and A. B. Hill. 2007. The role of NKG2D signaling in inhibition of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte lysis by the Murine cytomegalovirus immunoevasin m152/gp40. J. Viro 81:12564-12571 .
... by its inhibition of NKG2D signaling. As was predictable from the results reported in the literature, NKG2D ligands were not detected by NKG2D tetramer staining of cells infected with wild-type MCMV, whereas those infected with MCMV lacking m152/gp40 displayed measurable levels of the NKG2D ligand. ...
... by its inhibition of NKG2D signaling. As was predictable from the results reported in the literature, NKG2D ligands were not detected by NKG2D tetramer staining of cells infected with wild-type MCMV, whereas those infected with MCMV lacking m152/gp40 displayed measurable levels of the NKG2D ligand. ...
Article
... T (Treg) cells (Feuerer et al., 2009), B cells (Winer et al., 2011), and macrophages (Lumeng et al., 2007; Weisberg et al., 2003; Wentworth et al., 2010), each of which have been shown to play positive or negative roles in metabolic dysregulation and the development of obesity (Feuerer et al., 2009; ...
... T (Treg) cells (Feuerer et al., 2009), B cells (Winer et al., 2011), and macrophages (Lumeng et al., 2007; Weisberg et al., 2003; Wentworth et al., 2010), each of which have been shown to play positive or negative roles in metabolic dysregulation and the development of obesity (Feuerer et al., 2009; ...
The evolution of costly acquired immune memory
... do assume that immunity can be lost at rate c. Analysis of these population dynamics shows that this model yields straightforward SIR-type behavior, with a forward bifurcation at R0 ¼ b^S=ðb þ a þ cÞ ¼ 1 (where ^S is the disease-free equilibrium) with one unique endemic equilibrium for R0 > 1. We no ...
... do assume that immunity can be lost at rate c. Analysis of these population dynamics shows that this model yields straightforward SIR-type behavior, with a forward bifurcation at R0 ¼ b^S=ðb þ a þ cÞ ¼ 1 (where ^S is the disease-free equilibrium) with one unique endemic equilibrium for R0 > 1. We no ...
Full Text - The International Journal of Developmental Biology
... screening. Zebrafish myelopoiesis has recently been characterized, paving the way for the experimental strengths of this model organism to contribute to an improved understanding of the genetic regulation of myeloid development. Zebrafish have a multi-lineage myeloid compartment with two types of gr ...
... screening. Zebrafish myelopoiesis has recently been characterized, paving the way for the experimental strengths of this model organism to contribute to an improved understanding of the genetic regulation of myeloid development. Zebrafish have a multi-lineage myeloid compartment with two types of gr ...
No Slide Title - Mercury Science
... miroalgae in the genus Alexandrium which are the source of the STXs. Blooms of toxic Alexandrium are spatially and temporally variable. This makes it difficult to predict when shellfish are likely to become contaminated. The logical solution would be to monitor STX levels in shellfish on a regular b ...
... miroalgae in the genus Alexandrium which are the source of the STXs. Blooms of toxic Alexandrium are spatially and temporally variable. This makes it difficult to predict when shellfish are likely to become contaminated. The logical solution would be to monitor STX levels in shellfish on a regular b ...
September 20, 2013
... Question 1: irritation (false +) or allergy (real +) ? - irritation: non-specific inflammation - allergy: specific, T cell-mediated, inflammation Question 2: Is the real + test ...
... Question 1: irritation (false +) or allergy (real +) ? - irritation: non-specific inflammation - allergy: specific, T cell-mediated, inflammation Question 2: Is the real + test ...
full text pdf
... the employment of subunit antigens rather than inactivated or live attenuated vaccines, owing to the superior safety of the former. The intrinsic weak immunogenicity of subunit antigens makes it imperative to formulate them with an adjuvant. Presently, the armamentarium of approved vaccine adjuvants ...
... the employment of subunit antigens rather than inactivated or live attenuated vaccines, owing to the superior safety of the former. The intrinsic weak immunogenicity of subunit antigens makes it imperative to formulate them with an adjuvant. Presently, the armamentarium of approved vaccine adjuvants ...
Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV/CD26 in T Cell Activation - diss.fu
... Thus this protein is regarded as an activation marker for T, B and NK cells11. Some immunoregulative hormones and chemokines closely related to the immune function have been shown to be substrates of DPPIV/CD26. Among these substrates are substance P, neuropeptide Y, endomorphin-2, GLP-1, RANTES (re ...
... Thus this protein is regarded as an activation marker for T, B and NK cells11. Some immunoregulative hormones and chemokines closely related to the immune function have been shown to be substrates of DPPIV/CD26. Among these substrates are substance P, neuropeptide Y, endomorphin-2, GLP-1, RANTES (re ...
Subretinal space and vitreous cavity as immunologically
... tigen. Examination of the hematoxylin and eosin sections revealed that the grafts were well developed and differentiated, and located between the host neural retina and retinal pigment epithelium. Retinal grafts contained a dominant population of photoreceptor cells that formed rosettes (Fig. 3A). O ...
... tigen. Examination of the hematoxylin and eosin sections revealed that the grafts were well developed and differentiated, and located between the host neural retina and retinal pigment epithelium. Retinal grafts contained a dominant population of photoreceptor cells that formed rosettes (Fig. 3A). O ...
The Adaptive Immune System
... where they mediate the uptake of pathogens, which are then delivered to lysosomes for destruction. Others are secreted and bind to the surface of pathogens, marking them for destruction by either phagocytes or a system of blood proteins collectively called the complement system (discussed in Chapter ...
... where they mediate the uptake of pathogens, which are then delivered to lysosomes for destruction. Others are secreted and bind to the surface of pathogens, marking them for destruction by either phagocytes or a system of blood proteins collectively called the complement system (discussed in Chapter ...
Class II MHC
... 4. Mature T cells respond to foreign antigens, but not self protein. The repertoire of antigen recognition is based on selection processes involving MHC molecules that occur mainly in the thymus. This is another level of control of immune responses. 5. Only a single binding site exists on a class I ...
... 4. Mature T cells respond to foreign antigens, but not self protein. The repertoire of antigen recognition is based on selection processes involving MHC molecules that occur mainly in the thymus. This is another level of control of immune responses. 5. Only a single binding site exists on a class I ...
chapter 1
... are many different kinds of bacteria; however, all bacteria can be grouped into four divisions based on the characteristics of their cell walls. Each division is further divided into sections based on other characteristics, such as oxygen requirements, motility, shape, and Gram-stain reaction. In th ...
... are many different kinds of bacteria; however, all bacteria can be grouped into four divisions based on the characteristics of their cell walls. Each division is further divided into sections based on other characteristics, such as oxygen requirements, motility, shape, and Gram-stain reaction. In th ...
Basophils, IgE, and Autoantibody-Mediated Kidney
... plays a crucial role in this recruitment process (50). Because IL-3 is produced primarily by activated T cells (13), Ag-induced T cell activation within local lymphoid tissues seems to be the primary underlying factor. In addition, recruitment is transient, only found between days 3 and 4 post-Ag ch ...
... plays a crucial role in this recruitment process (50). Because IL-3 is produced primarily by activated T cells (13), Ag-induced T cell activation within local lymphoid tissues seems to be the primary underlying factor. In addition, recruitment is transient, only found between days 3 and 4 post-Ag ch ...
Predictive value of inflammatory Cytokines in preeclampsia
... cell adhesion on the endothelium with resultant vascular damage. It is also stated that proinflammatory cytokines associated with the genesis of PE (i.e., tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1) enhanced IL-6 mRNA levels and increased secreted IL-6 levels in first trimester leukocyte free decidua ...
... cell adhesion on the endothelium with resultant vascular damage. It is also stated that proinflammatory cytokines associated with the genesis of PE (i.e., tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1) enhanced IL-6 mRNA levels and increased secreted IL-6 levels in first trimester leukocyte free decidua ...
Genetic aspects of inflammation and cancer
... matory cell involvement. Mast cells especially play an important role in releasing preformed stored inflammatory mediators that attract migratory inflammatory cells to the site. Next, monocytes migrate to the area, differentiate into macrophages and become activated in response to local chemokine an ...
... matory cell involvement. Mast cells especially play an important role in releasing preformed stored inflammatory mediators that attract migratory inflammatory cells to the site. Next, monocytes migrate to the area, differentiate into macrophages and become activated in response to local chemokine an ...
What Is a Marmoset?
... the gene will exert its influence will depend on what information is available to guide its actions. For example, a gene’s interests might depend on whether the dominant female is a mother or a non-relative but, if the gene has no way to tell the difference, the best it can do is base its actions on ...
... the gene will exert its influence will depend on what information is available to guide its actions. For example, a gene’s interests might depend on whether the dominant female is a mother or a non-relative but, if the gene has no way to tell the difference, the best it can do is base its actions on ...
The effect of induced hyperthermia on the
... death. Under physiological conditions, HSPs protect cells from potentially lethal heat damage, e.g. by an increase of cellular resistance to apoptosis (Jaattelä, 1999; Jolly and Morimoto, 2000; Kregel, 2002). The major cellular pathways activated by cellular stress and important interactions with H ...
... death. Under physiological conditions, HSPs protect cells from potentially lethal heat damage, e.g. by an increase of cellular resistance to apoptosis (Jaattelä, 1999; Jolly and Morimoto, 2000; Kregel, 2002). The major cellular pathways activated by cellular stress and important interactions with H ...
IgG2 subclass isotype antibody and intrauterine
... helix and lacks glycine residues, making IgG2 highly rigid. IgG2 requires Fcγ RII (CD 32) receptor for transport across the placental membrane and absence of these receptors on the placental barrier is solely responsible for their poor transport across the placenta. This antibody is the most predomi ...
... helix and lacks glycine residues, making IgG2 highly rigid. IgG2 requires Fcγ RII (CD 32) receptor for transport across the placental membrane and absence of these receptors on the placental barrier is solely responsible for their poor transport across the placenta. This antibody is the most predomi ...
ACTIVATION OF HUMAN NATURAL KILLER CELLS BY
... approximately 10 about every two to three days. Of the four types of Plasmodium that infect humans, namely P. ovale, P. malariae, P. vivax and P. Jalciparum, our research focuses on P. Jalciparum as it is the most virulent and pathogenic of the four and accounts for the vast majority of malaria case ...
... approximately 10 about every two to three days. Of the four types of Plasmodium that infect humans, namely P. ovale, P. malariae, P. vivax and P. Jalciparum, our research focuses on P. Jalciparum as it is the most virulent and pathogenic of the four and accounts for the vast majority of malaria case ...
SERIES ‘‘RARE INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASES’’ Number 2 in this Series
... the threshold of 5% LCs is used for the diagnosis of LCH in adults, the specificity of the test is good but the sensitivity appears to be quite low (,25% in the present author’s experience). In most adults with PLCH, the proportion of CD1a-positive LCs is similar to that found in smokers without lun ...
... the threshold of 5% LCs is used for the diagnosis of LCH in adults, the specificity of the test is good but the sensitivity appears to be quite low (,25% in the present author’s experience). In most adults with PLCH, the proportion of CD1a-positive LCs is similar to that found in smokers without lun ...
Innate immune system
The innate immune system, also known as the nonspecific immune system, is an important subsystem of the overall immune system that comprises the cells and mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms. The cells of the innate system recognize and respond to pathogens in a generic way, but, unlike the adaptive immune system (which is found only in vertebrates), it does not confer long-lasting or protective immunity to the host. Innate immune systems provide immediate defense against infection, and are found in all classes of plant and animal life. They include both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.The innate immune system is an evolutionarily older defense strategy, and is the dominant immune system found in plants, fungi, insects, and primitive multicellular organisms.The major functions of the vertebrate innate immune system include: Recruiting immune cells to sites of infection, through the production of chemical factors, including specialized chemical mediators, called cytokines Activation of the complement cascade to identify bacteria, activate cells, and promote clearance of antibody complexes or dead cells The identification and removal of foreign substances present in organs, tissues, the blood and lymph, by specialised white blood cells Activation of the adaptive immune system through a process known as antigen presentation Acting as a physical and chemical barrier to infectious agents.↑ ↑ ↑