Long Term Immunological Memory to Vaccinia Virus
... reactions to the vaccine, 2) those that had “no take” or no response and 3) those that had a “take” or a normal response. This is the first study to analyse long term B- and T-cell responses to Vaccinia virus in subjects grouped according to these rare extreme type reactions. Heat inactivated Vaccin ...
... reactions to the vaccine, 2) those that had “no take” or no response and 3) those that had a “take” or a normal response. This is the first study to analyse long term B- and T-cell responses to Vaccinia virus in subjects grouped according to these rare extreme type reactions. Heat inactivated Vaccin ...
Thesis - KI Open Archive
... Natural Killer (NK) cells are members of the innate lymphoid cell (ILC) family and take part in the detection and eradication of virus-infected and transformed cells. In this thesis, together with my colleagues I have investigated how NK cells and other ILCs develop and function during human fetal d ...
... Natural Killer (NK) cells are members of the innate lymphoid cell (ILC) family and take part in the detection and eradication of virus-infected and transformed cells. In this thesis, together with my colleagues I have investigated how NK cells and other ILCs develop and function during human fetal d ...
Survival strategies of Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of
... The contribution of VlsE antigenic variation to evasion of host antibody responses and subsequent persistence has been difficult to discern, primarily as a result of (a) immunodominance of a conserved region and (b) limitations of in vitro analyses. Demonstration of decreased antigenicity comparing ...
... The contribution of VlsE antigenic variation to evasion of host antibody responses and subsequent persistence has been difficult to discern, primarily as a result of (a) immunodominance of a conserved region and (b) limitations of in vitro analyses. Demonstration of decreased antigenicity comparing ...
Understanding MGUS and Smoldering Multiple Myeloma
... What is the risk that SMM will progress to cancer? Dr. Kyle’s research established that the risk of progression of SMM to MM is 10% per year for the first five years, 3% per year for the next five years, and then 1% per year for the next decade. A substantial proportion of SMM patients remain free o ...
... What is the risk that SMM will progress to cancer? Dr. Kyle’s research established that the risk of progression of SMM to MM is 10% per year for the first five years, 3% per year for the next five years, and then 1% per year for the next decade. A substantial proportion of SMM patients remain free o ...
PDF - Journal of Neuroinflammation
... a potent chemoattractant for B cells, plasma cells, T cells and monocytes [4,10]. The chemokine plays an important role in germinal center organization. CXCL12 is also expressed in the normal brain and is crucial for neuronal guidance [10,19]. Higher CSF levels of CXCL12 were found in inflammatory C ...
... a potent chemoattractant for B cells, plasma cells, T cells and monocytes [4,10]. The chemokine plays an important role in germinal center organization. CXCL12 is also expressed in the normal brain and is crucial for neuronal guidance [10,19]. Higher CSF levels of CXCL12 were found in inflammatory C ...
Lymphomas Involving Waldeyer`s Ring
... sites,2 the duodenum being most recently reported to be the commonest primary site within the gastrointestinal tract,10,11 where expression of the mucosal-homing integrin α4β7 may also play a role in its localisation.12 The reasons for these peculiarities in lymphoma distribution are yet unknown, bu ...
... sites,2 the duodenum being most recently reported to be the commonest primary site within the gastrointestinal tract,10,11 where expression of the mucosal-homing integrin α4β7 may also play a role in its localisation.12 The reasons for these peculiarities in lymphoma distribution are yet unknown, bu ...
Granulomas in Infectious and Non
... Santa Fe Community Convention Center Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA Scientific Organizers: Thomas A. Wynn, Paul Kaye and Vishva M. Dixit This meeting addresses the basic mechanisms of granulomatous inflammation and focuses on several chronic inflammatory diseases in which persistent granuloma formation i ...
... Santa Fe Community Convention Center Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA Scientific Organizers: Thomas A. Wynn, Paul Kaye and Vishva M. Dixit This meeting addresses the basic mechanisms of granulomatous inflammation and focuses on several chronic inflammatory diseases in which persistent granuloma formation i ...
Pathogenesis of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A Virus (H1N1) Infection
... CCL5, CCL3, IL-8, TLR3, and apoptotic markers (BAX and CASP8). These cytokine profiles correlated with the inflammatory phenotype observed in the lungs, characterised by high numbers of macrophages and neutrophils in apoptosis, accompanied by large numbers of cytotoxic T, and NK cells. In contrast, ...
... CCL5, CCL3, IL-8, TLR3, and apoptotic markers (BAX and CASP8). These cytokine profiles correlated with the inflammatory phenotype observed in the lungs, characterised by high numbers of macrophages and neutrophils in apoptosis, accompanied by large numbers of cytotoxic T, and NK cells. In contrast, ...
Distribution of macrophages in the human fallopian tubes: an
... other leukocyte populations, such as T lymphocytes, were identified in normal human uterine tubes by Otsuki et al. [25], Boehme and Donat [4], Hunt and Lynn [16]. These studies were based on immunolabelling and electron microscopy. Most of the evidence for mucosal immune responses in the female repr ...
... other leukocyte populations, such as T lymphocytes, were identified in normal human uterine tubes by Otsuki et al. [25], Boehme and Donat [4], Hunt and Lynn [16]. These studies were based on immunolabelling and electron microscopy. Most of the evidence for mucosal immune responses in the female repr ...
8139
... secretion of IFNa and other soluble factors that synergize to induce monocytes to secrete high levels of the T helper 1 (TH1)–promoting chemokine IFNg-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) (28). When secretion of this chemokine was tested, all Tat-incorporating complexes and only the K/LL-37 (1:8) complex wa ...
... secretion of IFNa and other soluble factors that synergize to induce monocytes to secrete high levels of the T helper 1 (TH1)–promoting chemokine IFNg-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) (28). When secretion of this chemokine was tested, all Tat-incorporating complexes and only the K/LL-37 (1:8) complex wa ...
Hall - Autism Speaks
... mercury compounds such as thimerosal will be studied in detail. One mouse currently being developed possesses a mutation within a specific calcium channel (Cavl.2) that has been found to cause Timothy Syndrome (TS). Children with TS have a 60% rate of an autism diagnosis, with up to 80% of the child ...
... mercury compounds such as thimerosal will be studied in detail. One mouse currently being developed possesses a mutation within a specific calcium channel (Cavl.2) that has been found to cause Timothy Syndrome (TS). Children with TS have a 60% rate of an autism diagnosis, with up to 80% of the child ...
Apoptotic Debris Accumulates on Hematopoietic Cells and
... elevated levels of apoptotic debris and immune complexes (ICs) and their decreased clearance in SLE (3). Defects in opsonins such as mannose binding protein, complement components, and C-reactive protein reduce the clearance of apoptotic debris (4), and deficiency in DNase or RNase leads to poor lys ...
... elevated levels of apoptotic debris and immune complexes (ICs) and their decreased clearance in SLE (3). Defects in opsonins such as mannose binding protein, complement components, and C-reactive protein reduce the clearance of apoptotic debris (4), and deficiency in DNase or RNase leads to poor lys ...
CD161 defines the subset of FoxP3+ T cells capable of producing
... Statistical tests Statistical analysis was performed using Prism 4 for Macintosh (GraphPad) software. Data are shown as mean 6 standard error of the mean (SEM). The Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon matched pairs test, or paired t test were applied to compare 2 groups; the 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) wi ...
... Statistical tests Statistical analysis was performed using Prism 4 for Macintosh (GraphPad) software. Data are shown as mean 6 standard error of the mean (SEM). The Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon matched pairs test, or paired t test were applied to compare 2 groups; the 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) wi ...
Variable expression of immunoreactive surface proteins of
... Despite accumulating data implicating Propionibacterium acnes in a variety of diseases, its precise role in infection remains to be determined. P. acnes antigen-specific CD4+ T cells are present in early inflamed acne lesions and may be involved in the inflammatory response; however, little is known ...
... Despite accumulating data implicating Propionibacterium acnes in a variety of diseases, its precise role in infection remains to be determined. P. acnes antigen-specific CD4+ T cells are present in early inflamed acne lesions and may be involved in the inflammatory response; however, little is known ...
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Insulin Resistance: New
... macrophages/Kupffer cells are central players in the development of NASH, by recruiting inflammatory immune cells and secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines [37]. These cells localize within liver sinusoids, accounting for ~10% of the total number of liver cells [38]. The macrophage markers F4/80, CD1 ...
... macrophages/Kupffer cells are central players in the development of NASH, by recruiting inflammatory immune cells and secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines [37]. These cells localize within liver sinusoids, accounting for ~10% of the total number of liver cells [38]. The macrophage markers F4/80, CD1 ...
The Thymus Gland
... it weighs about 15 grams, at puberty it weighs about 35 grams; after this it gradually decreases to 25 grams at twenty-five years, less than 15 grams at sixty, and about 6 grams at seventy years. 18 Yet another source describes the thymus gland as a mass of glandular tissue located in the neck or ch ...
... it weighs about 15 grams, at puberty it weighs about 35 grams; after this it gradually decreases to 25 grams at twenty-five years, less than 15 grams at sixty, and about 6 grams at seventy years. 18 Yet another source describes the thymus gland as a mass of glandular tissue located in the neck or ch ...
" Going back to our roots": second generation biocomputing
... spark of interest that passed between them. Developments in systems (and now synthetic) biology are driving advances in biology, engineering and computer science – crucially, these breakthroughs are no longer unidirectional, in that expertise and concepts flow in a one-way stream from one discipline ...
... spark of interest that passed between them. Developments in systems (and now synthetic) biology are driving advances in biology, engineering and computer science – crucially, these breakthroughs are no longer unidirectional, in that expertise and concepts flow in a one-way stream from one discipline ...
The vitamin D receptor and T cell function
... Allelic variants of the VDR gene occur naturally in the human population. Even though interpretation of these polymorphic variants in relation to different diseases is difficult due to the small numbers of subjects included in the performed studies, an association with disease risk has been suggeste ...
... Allelic variants of the VDR gene occur naturally in the human population. Even though interpretation of these polymorphic variants in relation to different diseases is difficult due to the small numbers of subjects included in the performed studies, an association with disease risk has been suggeste ...
Innate immune system
The innate immune system, also known as the nonspecific immune system, is an important subsystem of the overall immune system that comprises the cells and mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms. The cells of the innate system recognize and respond to pathogens in a generic way, but, unlike the adaptive immune system (which is found only in vertebrates), it does not confer long-lasting or protective immunity to the host. Innate immune systems provide immediate defense against infection, and are found in all classes of plant and animal life. They include both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.The innate immune system is an evolutionarily older defense strategy, and is the dominant immune system found in plants, fungi, insects, and primitive multicellular organisms.The major functions of the vertebrate innate immune system include: Recruiting immune cells to sites of infection, through the production of chemical factors, including specialized chemical mediators, called cytokines Activation of the complement cascade to identify bacteria, activate cells, and promote clearance of antibody complexes or dead cells The identification and removal of foreign substances present in organs, tissues, the blood and lymph, by specialised white blood cells Activation of the adaptive immune system through a process known as antigen presentation Acting as a physical and chemical barrier to infectious agents.↑ ↑ ↑