FUNCTIONAL DIVERGENCE TOPIC 4: Evolution of new genes and
... FUNCTIONAL DIVERGENCE TOPIC 4: Evolution of new genes and new functions In topic 3 we considered cases where adaptive alterations of protein function were modulating its existing function in such a way as to confer fitness benefits on the individual. This does not explain how “genic diversity” has e ...
... FUNCTIONAL DIVERGENCE TOPIC 4: Evolution of new genes and new functions In topic 3 we considered cases where adaptive alterations of protein function were modulating its existing function in such a way as to confer fitness benefits on the individual. This does not explain how “genic diversity” has e ...
ranjan rajeev
... of a bHLH transcription factor during anther development process in rice. Previously, by using microarray, qRT-PCR and promoter-reporter assay in transgenic system we reported OsbHLH142 as an anther specific gene in rice. Expression analysis of OsbHLH142 transcripts through qPCR and its protein prof ...
... of a bHLH transcription factor during anther development process in rice. Previously, by using microarray, qRT-PCR and promoter-reporter assay in transgenic system we reported OsbHLH142 as an anther specific gene in rice. Expression analysis of OsbHLH142 transcripts through qPCR and its protein prof ...
Mudassar Presentation - Aller
... the sensor domain of EnvZ. Expression of the mutant was successful and yielded high quantities of a pure protein. This protein will be used for further structural and biochemical analysis. ...
... the sensor domain of EnvZ. Expression of the mutant was successful and yielded high quantities of a pure protein. This protein will be used for further structural and biochemical analysis. ...
Probabilistic Approaches to Predicting the Secondary Structure of Proteins
... hand-written script recognition and, more relevantly, the modeling of protein chains. The idea of using a HMM to predict secondary structure was first introduced by K. Asai et. al. in 1993. A programmed HMM can ‘learn’ protein secondary structures such as the α-helix, β-sheet, and the turn, and the ...
... hand-written script recognition and, more relevantly, the modeling of protein chains. The idea of using a HMM to predict secondary structure was first introduced by K. Asai et. al. in 1993. A programmed HMM can ‘learn’ protein secondary structures such as the α-helix, β-sheet, and the turn, and the ...
Mechanisms of Translocation of Legionella pneumophila Effectors
... Legionella pneumophila is an intracellular pathogen that avoids fusion with lysosomal compartments and forms a replication vacuole derived from rough endoplasmic reticulum. Biogenesis and growth within the Legionella-containing vacuole requires a functional type IVB secretion system (T4SS) known as ...
... Legionella pneumophila is an intracellular pathogen that avoids fusion with lysosomal compartments and forms a replication vacuole derived from rough endoplasmic reticulum. Biogenesis and growth within the Legionella-containing vacuole requires a functional type IVB secretion system (T4SS) known as ...
Team Publications
... glial cells. Its expression coincides with the stage of withdrawal from the cell cycle and establishment of differentiation and is repressed upon induction of retinal cell proliferation by the v-src gene product. In this report, we show that the QR1 gene encodes several glycosylated proteins that are ...
... glial cells. Its expression coincides with the stage of withdrawal from the cell cycle and establishment of differentiation and is repressed upon induction of retinal cell proliferation by the v-src gene product. In this report, we show that the QR1 gene encodes several glycosylated proteins that are ...
DNA, RNA and Protein
... 2.Amplify FOXP2 gene mutation using genespecific primers 3.Verify amplification Measure = Presence of FOXP2 gene ...
... 2.Amplify FOXP2 gene mutation using genespecific primers 3.Verify amplification Measure = Presence of FOXP2 gene ...
No Slide Title
... or acetylcholine b. a short protein (8-40 amino acids, a “peptide”) such as an endorphin c. a relatively insoluble lipid such as anandamide, the endocannabinoid ...
... or acetylcholine b. a short protein (8-40 amino acids, a “peptide”) such as an endorphin c. a relatively insoluble lipid such as anandamide, the endocannabinoid ...
Use of Cell-Free Protein Production Platform for X
... develop our in vitro transcription-wheat germ cell-free translation system for the production of proteins for structural studies. To date, sixteen NMR structures have been determined at CESG from protein produced by our cell-free platform. More recently, attention has been turned to the use of this ...
... develop our in vitro transcription-wheat germ cell-free translation system for the production of proteins for structural studies. To date, sixteen NMR structures have been determined at CESG from protein produced by our cell-free platform. More recently, attention has been turned to the use of this ...
Protein Synthesis and Transport within the Cell
... ER and Golgi – form microsomes Fractioned into rough and smooth ...
... ER and Golgi – form microsomes Fractioned into rough and smooth ...
Document
... Cloned Dicer, the RNase III enzyme that is evolutionarily conserved and contains helicase and PAZ domains, as well as two dsRNA-binding domains. ...
... Cloned Dicer, the RNase III enzyme that is evolutionarily conserved and contains helicase and PAZ domains, as well as two dsRNA-binding domains. ...
What proteins an organism needs to produce and in what quantity
... One of the central ideas in Biology is that structure dictates function. Above you can see insulin in its secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures. Polypeptides vary hugely in the combination and number of amino acids that they are composed from. Even if we consider a single polypeptide it's pr ...
... One of the central ideas in Biology is that structure dictates function. Above you can see insulin in its secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures. Polypeptides vary hugely in the combination and number of amino acids that they are composed from. Even if we consider a single polypeptide it's pr ...
Presentation - people.vcu.edu
... Used shuttle vector system, pUC18-mini-Tn7T-Lac, which is E. coli and P. aeruginosa compatible, and vector pTNS2 Results in a single ORF integrated into the host genome 6 of them (protein 7, 8, 14, 15, 18, and 30) were found to have a phenotypic impact on host bacteria Repeated in both E. coli M ...
... Used shuttle vector system, pUC18-mini-Tn7T-Lac, which is E. coli and P. aeruginosa compatible, and vector pTNS2 Results in a single ORF integrated into the host genome 6 of them (protein 7, 8, 14, 15, 18, and 30) were found to have a phenotypic impact on host bacteria Repeated in both E. coli M ...
GENE REGULATION
... different stages of development In different cells types In response to a change in the environmental conditions ...
... different stages of development In different cells types In response to a change in the environmental conditions ...
Slide 1
... • to reach “Similarity page” label a protein in the list in the “Samples page” and click on the icon “Similarity” on the left side • the upper panel provides a vertical list of peptides assigned to this protein, and a horizontal list of accession numbers of additional proteins, where this peptide is ...
... • to reach “Similarity page” label a protein in the list in the “Samples page” and click on the icon “Similarity” on the left side • the upper panel provides a vertical list of peptides assigned to this protein, and a horizontal list of accession numbers of additional proteins, where this peptide is ...
RNA and Translation notes
... Other differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription: Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Place cytoplasm nucleus Structure polycistronic or monocistronic monocistronic Translation coupled separate from transcription ...
... Other differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription: Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Place cytoplasm nucleus Structure polycistronic or monocistronic monocistronic Translation coupled separate from transcription ...
DNA Splicing
... exons, or coding regions, into mRNA leads to the production of more than one related protein, or isoform. “The processing of pre-mRNA for many proteins proceeds along various paths in different cells or under different conditions.” Mechanism of alternative splicing is highly variable and new example ...
... exons, or coding regions, into mRNA leads to the production of more than one related protein, or isoform. “The processing of pre-mRNA for many proteins proceeds along various paths in different cells or under different conditions.” Mechanism of alternative splicing is highly variable and new example ...
Research group Tumour Hypoxia
... ?hypoxia-tolerance? mechanisms may become attractive targets for overcoming the problem of hypoxia in cancer. The rate of protein synthesis decreases to ~30% of control levels within 1 hour after the onset of hypoxia. Since protein synthesis is one of the highest energy consuming pathways in hypoxic ...
... ?hypoxia-tolerance? mechanisms may become attractive targets for overcoming the problem of hypoxia in cancer. The rate of protein synthesis decreases to ~30% of control levels within 1 hour after the onset of hypoxia. Since protein synthesis is one of the highest energy consuming pathways in hypoxic ...
Translation`s coming of age
... events producing proteins in mammalian cells. The authors measured concentrations and degradation rates for 45000 mRNAs and proteins, respectively, and tied these data into a mathematical model that, in unprecedented completeness, describes the cellular dynamics that govern protein production. Their ...
... events producing proteins in mammalian cells. The authors measured concentrations and degradation rates for 45000 mRNAs and proteins, respectively, and tied these data into a mathematical model that, in unprecedented completeness, describes the cellular dynamics that govern protein production. Their ...
View - MPG.PuRe
... Nematostella lamin for this comparison is immediately apparent. The reasons for the selection of the other lamin protein sequences is not entirely clear to me: (i) The genomes of C. elegans and Drosophila are among those, that show a very strong sequence drift. (ii) Vertebrate Atype lamins are the m ...
... Nematostella lamin for this comparison is immediately apparent. The reasons for the selection of the other lamin protein sequences is not entirely clear to me: (i) The genomes of C. elegans and Drosophila are among those, that show a very strong sequence drift. (ii) Vertebrate Atype lamins are the m ...
Protein Synthesis: Comprehesive Review PowerPoint Slides
... required for protein synthesis – messenger RNA (mRNA) is assembled • a mirror-image copy of the gene is made • migrates from the nucleus to cytoplasm • its code is read by the ribosomes ...
... required for protein synthesis – messenger RNA (mRNA) is assembled • a mirror-image copy of the gene is made • migrates from the nucleus to cytoplasm • its code is read by the ribosomes ...
Lecture 011--Organelles 2 (Endomembrane System)
... mechanism is triggered to remove damaged cell cancer over-rides this to enable tumor growth ...
... mechanism is triggered to remove damaged cell cancer over-rides this to enable tumor growth ...
Poster
... Cabin1 (calcineurin binding protein) is predicted to play an important role in maintaining the nervous system, which regulates important functions such as breathing, heart rate, thinking, and movement. Mice lacking Cabin1 die early in development, and other Cabin1 malfunctions have been linked to ca ...
... Cabin1 (calcineurin binding protein) is predicted to play an important role in maintaining the nervous system, which regulates important functions such as breathing, heart rate, thinking, and movement. Mice lacking Cabin1 die early in development, and other Cabin1 malfunctions have been linked to ca ...
chemistry of life
... sensing it, can assess how much of this chemical he has. There are some kinds of chemical signaling in humans as well. For instance, chemicals in the armpit of a male can apparently regularize a female companion’s ovulatory cycle. Chemicals play many more roles in life than signaling. Chemicals make ...
... sensing it, can assess how much of this chemical he has. There are some kinds of chemical signaling in humans as well. For instance, chemicals in the armpit of a male can apparently regularize a female companion’s ovulatory cycle. Chemicals play many more roles in life than signaling. Chemicals make ...
Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic genes Eukaryotic Genes
... The protein coding regions of the genomes of such diverse creatures as mammals are remarkably similar Non-coding regions are much more divergent, including regulatory regions Some speculate that much of the differences among us are due to differences in expression of genes, rather than differences i ...
... The protein coding regions of the genomes of such diverse creatures as mammals are remarkably similar Non-coding regions are much more divergent, including regulatory regions Some speculate that much of the differences among us are due to differences in expression of genes, rather than differences i ...
Protein moonlighting
Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.