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Lecture 5&6 Date: 12/01/03
Lecture 5&6 Date: 12/01/03

... there is growing evidence that many nuclear proteins contain Nuclear Targeting Sequences (NTS’s) that target individual proteins to the sites of genomic function/organization. • A classic example is the DNA methyl transferase (MTase) which is an enzyme associated with replication sites in cells and ...
chapt05_lecture
chapt05_lecture

... less fluid than unsaturated fatty acids • “Kinks” introduced by the double bonds keep them from packing tightly • Most membranes also contain sterols such as cholesterol, which can either increase or decrease membrane fluidity, depending on the temperature ...
The WHy domain mediates the response to
The WHy domain mediates the response to

... HR, becoming sufficiently low to prevent cell division in many cells of the bacterial colony (Wright and Beattie, 2004). Although experimental proofs to this hypothesis are required, such a link suggests a role of the Hin1 family in the desiccation-like process taking place during the HR and leading ...
Lecture 24: the genetic code
Lecture 24: the genetic code

... (2.59 ^ 1.22% versus 5.30 ^ 1.19% cell death in wild-type ver affected challenged serine than glycine. Thus, purple)) has been shown to enhance aminoacylation efficiency mutant cells;when values are meanwith ^ s.e.m.). Thewith specific sensitivity ...
Amino Acids
Amino Acids

... of species can be aligned and analyzed for differences • Differences indicate evolutionary divergences • Analysis of multiple protein families can indicate evolutionary relationships between organisms, ultimately the history of life on Earth ...
Statistical Data Analysis
Statistical Data Analysis

... statistically significant discriminator proteins as well as the biologic status. The selection of important proteins was based on Kruskal-Wallis test, Fisher’s exact test (dichotomize the expression level as present or not), t-test, Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM)5, Weighted Gene Analysis ...
BiomedicineandLifeSciencesII_GiuseppeLAROCCA_03282007
BiomedicineandLifeSciencesII_GiuseppeLAROCCA_03282007

... The combination of the 20 natural amino acids in a specific sequence dictates the three-dimensional structure of the protein. Protein function is linked to the specific three-dimensional arrangement of amino acids functional groups. With the advancement of molecular biology techniques a huge amount ...
BIOMG 3310: Principles of Biochemistry
BIOMG 3310: Principles of Biochemistry

... It is involved with histones, the proteins that bind to DNA to control DNA activity. ...
Supplementary information Experimental procedures Identification
Supplementary information Experimental procedures Identification

... acids and the molecular weights strayed from 7.66 to 90.403 kDa among the five legumes (Supplementary Table 1-5). Chickpea showed minimum length (128 - 686 aa) and weight (7.66 kDa - 1.46 kDa) variation, whereas, Medicago (56 - 689; 6.85 kDa – 76.55 kDa) and lotus (51 - 818; 5.96 – 940.40 kDa) showe ...
Vegetarian, Flexitarian or Just Trying to Eat Healthier?
Vegetarian, Flexitarian or Just Trying to Eat Healthier?

... Are you one of many health-conscious eaters seeking new information to make healthier choices? This may include looking for real, fresh and natural foods or finding easy and tasty options for a variety of diets. If you are like many, giving something up isn’t the focus, it’s more about adopting new ...
Protein Translation
Protein Translation

... connective tissue hair/skin metabolism ...
L tarentolae
L tarentolae

... It has a short doubling time of 8 hours and can be grown to a density of > 108 cells/ml. It consists of a fully eukaryotic protein expression machinery with posttranslational modifications, including eukaryote glycosylation, phosphorylation and disulfide bond formation. The gene of interest is clone ...
Amino Acids
Amino Acids

... – MALDI MS and ESI MS can precisely identify the mass of a peptide, and thus the amino acid sequence – Can be used to determine post-translational modifications ...
Induction of Antigen-Specific Tolerance in Multiple Sclerosis After
Induction of Antigen-Specific Tolerance in Multiple Sclerosis After

... Decrease in cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) autoantibodies. The CSF was obtained from 5 patients at baseline (pre) and in 3 patients at 13 weeks after the first dose with BHT-3009 (post). Autoantibody reactivity to various myelin peptides (far right column) was measured by protein array and represented ...
A Cross-Genomic Approach for Systematic Mapping of Phenotypic Traits to Genes
A Cross-Genomic Approach for Systematic Mapping of Phenotypic Traits to Genes

... possible as long as the phenotype is neither extremely rare nor extremely common; results on the flagella, pili, thermophily, and respiratory tract tropism phenotypes suggest that reliable associations can be inferred when the phenotype does not arise from many alternate mechanisms. [Supplemental ma ...
Gene Section PKD1 (protein kinase D1) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
Gene Section PKD1 (protein kinase D1) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics

... coupled to histone deacetylases (HDAC) and histone acetyltransferase (HAT) that modify the access of transcription factors to DNA binding sites. PKD1 has been shown to participate in nuclear export of HDAC5. HDAC5 is phosphorylated by PKD1 in cardiac myocytes, which results in the binding of 14-3-3 ...
Poly-acrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) PAGE is based upon
Poly-acrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) PAGE is based upon

... • a rarely used technique, although it can be informative. • proteins are not denatured as in SDSPAGE. • one can perform enzymatic assays on bands in gel as we shall do in this class. • “primarily” separates based on mass of proteins, assuming low pI. • is possible to get some idea of subunit compos ...
The Macromolecular X-ray Crystallography (MX) ESRF Tutorial
The Macromolecular X-ray Crystallography (MX) ESRF Tutorial

... The notes below will often refer specifically to proteins, but generally the same techniques and problems apply to other macromolecules (DNA, RNA) or assemblies (viruses, ribosomes). 3D structure allows us to understand biological processes at the most basic level: which molecules interact, how they ...
Presentation - people.vcu.edu
Presentation - people.vcu.edu

... IV. After the spin/wash and elute processes I will analyze the antigens and protein interacting partners to find new components of the terminin complex in a phage display assay Proteins that should interact with HP1-HOAP protein are *Verrocchio *Modigliani *Possible newly found terminin protein subu ...
Ribosomal Protein L11 HDR Plasmid (m): sc-426331
Ribosomal Protein L11 HDR Plasmid (m): sc-426331

... the HDR pathway allows for precise gene editing at the DSB site (1,2,3). Target-specific HDR Plasmids provide a DNA repair template for a DSB and, when co-transfected with CRISPR/Cas9 KO Plasmids, enable the insertion of specific selection markers where Cas9-induced DNA cleavage has occurred (1,2). ...
Entrez*s PubChem - Chemical Information BULLETIN
Entrez*s PubChem - Chemical Information BULLETIN

... Transporter (180) Epigenetic regulator (166) Secreted protein (63) Structural protein (53) Auxiliary transport protein (32) ...
Exosome Complex www.AssignmentPoint.com The exosome
Exosome Complex www.AssignmentPoint.com The exosome

... exosome) is a multi-protein complex capable of degrading various types of RNA (ribonucleic acid) molecules. Exosome complexes are found in both eukaryotic cells and archaea, while in bacteria a simpler complex called the degradosome carries out similar functions. ...
a. It increases. b. It decreases. c. It stays the
a. It increases. b. It decreases. c. It stays the

... 4. ________________ is energy that is stored in an object or system by virtue of its position or the energy content stored within its bonds. (1 point) ...
environmental life cycle assessment of alternative protein sources
environmental life cycle assessment of alternative protein sources

... impact, such as eutrophication, biodiversity etc. – the geographical distribution of emissions should be taken into account Some processes have multiple outputs (such as in biorefineries) – the LCA methodology should be able to handle this ...
Expression and identification of the RfbE protein from Vibrio
Expression and identification of the RfbE protein from Vibrio

... [(M + Na)+] 611.13 amu) and the TLC analysis of the D-perosamine component proved the structure of the product to be in accord with GDP-α-D-perosamine. Discussion The intention of this work was to identify the function of the RfbE protein by an overexpression of the rfbE gene and an in vitro product ...
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Protein moonlighting



Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.
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