Swamp Thing
... recognizes the shape of the chemicals and reduces the amount of energy needed to join them together — or split them apart, as happens in digestive processes. Enzymes are affected by temperature and pH. At both high temperatures and extremes of pH, they change shape. The active site changes shape too ...
... recognizes the shape of the chemicals and reduces the amount of energy needed to join them together — or split them apart, as happens in digestive processes. Enzymes are affected by temperature and pH. At both high temperatures and extremes of pH, they change shape. The active site changes shape too ...
A green glow
... A number of living organisms emit light. The firefly is one. Other insects, worms, bacteria and even mushrooms also share this amazing faculty, but we have to go into the depths of the ocean to observe the extent and diversity of luminescent species. An inventory of over 700 of these organisms has b ...
... A number of living organisms emit light. The firefly is one. Other insects, worms, bacteria and even mushrooms also share this amazing faculty, but we have to go into the depths of the ocean to observe the extent and diversity of luminescent species. An inventory of over 700 of these organisms has b ...
The osmZ
... et al. 1988) and alter the osmotically controlled expression of the ompC and ompF porin genes (Graeme-Cook et al. 1989). Furthermore, osmZ is equivalent to the virR gene in Shigella flexneri (Dorman et al. 1990), which affects the temperature-regulated expression of virulence genes residing on a 220 ...
... et al. 1988) and alter the osmotically controlled expression of the ompC and ompF porin genes (Graeme-Cook et al. 1989). Furthermore, osmZ is equivalent to the virR gene in Shigella flexneri (Dorman et al. 1990), which affects the temperature-regulated expression of virulence genes residing on a 220 ...
FOOD-CHEMISTRY-CARBOHYDRATES-BY
... particular enzymes involved in synthesizing or modifying oligosaccharide chains of these glycoproteins. Such diseases, and gene knockout studies in mice, have been used to define pathways of modification of oligosaccharide chains of glycoproteins and glycolipids. * Carbohydrate chains of plasma memb ...
... particular enzymes involved in synthesizing or modifying oligosaccharide chains of these glycoproteins. Such diseases, and gene knockout studies in mice, have been used to define pathways of modification of oligosaccharide chains of glycoproteins and glycolipids. * Carbohydrate chains of plasma memb ...
Extracellular accumulation of recombinant proteins fused to the
... to Klebsiella pulS6. Although these genes appear to encode functional proteins10, their transcription is turned off under standard growth conditions1. gsp genes, for example, are silenced by H-NS6. gspD is not involved in the secretion of YebF (G.Z. and J.H.W., unpublished data). The Type I single a ...
... to Klebsiella pulS6. Although these genes appear to encode functional proteins10, their transcription is turned off under standard growth conditions1. gsp genes, for example, are silenced by H-NS6. gspD is not involved in the secretion of YebF (G.Z. and J.H.W., unpublished data). The Type I single a ...
MitoP2, an integrated database on mitochondrial proteins in yeast
... annotations for molecular protein function, biological process and cellular component (linked to GO), (iv) the available literature about the protein and protein variants listed with authors and title and (v) a table of cross-references annotated in Swiss-Prot. Based on the current annotations, we f ...
... annotations for molecular protein function, biological process and cellular component (linked to GO), (iv) the available literature about the protein and protein variants listed with authors and title and (v) a table of cross-references annotated in Swiss-Prot. Based on the current annotations, we f ...
Page 1 of 2 AMINO ACIDS Amino Acids are referred to as the
... internally and must be consumed in your pet’s diet. Dogs require ten of these essential amino acids and cats require eleven. When amino acids are supplied in their natural, raw state they are easily absorbed and assimilated in your pet’s body. Meat, poultry, fish and eggs are considered a complete p ...
... internally and must be consumed in your pet’s diet. Dogs require ten of these essential amino acids and cats require eleven. When amino acids are supplied in their natural, raw state they are easily absorbed and assimilated in your pet’s body. Meat, poultry, fish and eggs are considered a complete p ...
Prediction of protein disorder: basic concepts and practical hints
... Partial unfolding enables the phosphorylation of Tyr88, starting a series of signaling events that leads to the beginning of S phase. ...
... Partial unfolding enables the phosphorylation of Tyr88, starting a series of signaling events that leads to the beginning of S phase. ...
Membrane-enclosed Crystals in Dictyostelium discoideum Cells
... 1961; Maeda and Takeuchi, 1969), suggesting that the proteins constituting these crystals are encoded by developmentally regulated, early expressed genes. The crystals remain present throughout the stages after aggregation. They are even found in the mature spores and disappear only after their germ ...
... 1961; Maeda and Takeuchi, 1969), suggesting that the proteins constituting these crystals are encoded by developmentally regulated, early expressed genes. The crystals remain present throughout the stages after aggregation. They are even found in the mature spores and disappear only after their germ ...
Gene Section DYRK1A (dual specificity tyrosine (Y)
... potentiates nerve growth factor (NGF)-mediated neuronal differentiation in PC12 cells through an enhancement of Ras/MAPK signalling (Kelly and Ramahni, 2005) or exit from the cell cycle in neuronal progenitors (Park et al., 2010; Yabut et al., 2010). Furthermore, an increase in DYRK1A gene dosage al ...
... potentiates nerve growth factor (NGF)-mediated neuronal differentiation in PC12 cells through an enhancement of Ras/MAPK signalling (Kelly and Ramahni, 2005) or exit from the cell cycle in neuronal progenitors (Park et al., 2010; Yabut et al., 2010). Furthermore, an increase in DYRK1A gene dosage al ...
Instructor`s Manual to accompany Principles of Life
... of translation and three different stop codons can be used to halt translation. The other 60 codons code only for particular amino acids. The genetic code is redundant, but is not ambiguous. In many human genetic diseases, a single protein is missing or nonfunctional. Some diseases are caused by mut ...
... of translation and three different stop codons can be used to halt translation. The other 60 codons code only for particular amino acids. The genetic code is redundant, but is not ambiguous. In many human genetic diseases, a single protein is missing or nonfunctional. Some diseases are caused by mut ...
Mutations
... One gene, one enzyme hypothesis: a gene contains the information for producing a specific enzyme ...
... One gene, one enzyme hypothesis: a gene contains the information for producing a specific enzyme ...
Macronutrients – Introduction
... What are they? - It's funny how "slim fast" diets always focus on low-fat foods to make you lose weight. In fact, fats are actually an essential component of the body and without them we wouldn't be able to function properly. Gaining weight is not caused by eating too much "fat", it's caused by eati ...
... What are they? - It's funny how "slim fast" diets always focus on low-fat foods to make you lose weight. In fact, fats are actually an essential component of the body and without them we wouldn't be able to function properly. Gaining weight is not caused by eating too much "fat", it's caused by eati ...
Identifying Macronutrients - School Nutrition and Fitness
... – Vegetables • Squash • Potatoes • Corn ...
... – Vegetables • Squash • Potatoes • Corn ...
Function of the ubiquitin–proteosome pathway in auxin response
... and the e-amino group of lysine residues within the target. For some E2s, this reaction can occur in vitro without the participation of other proteins. However, isopeptide bond formation in vivo probably requires participation of a third protein or protein complex, the ubiquitin protein ligase (E3). ...
... and the e-amino group of lysine residues within the target. For some E2s, this reaction can occur in vitro without the participation of other proteins. However, isopeptide bond formation in vivo probably requires participation of a third protein or protein complex, the ubiquitin protein ligase (E3). ...
Lecture 8
... gradiennt in the presence of high voltage. • Can also use gels with immobilized pH gradients -made of acrylamide derivatives that are covalently linked to ampholytes. Used with a gradient maker to ensure continuously varied mixture when the gel is made. ...
... gradiennt in the presence of high voltage. • Can also use gels with immobilized pH gradients -made of acrylamide derivatives that are covalently linked to ampholytes. Used with a gradient maker to ensure continuously varied mixture when the gel is made. ...
Lecture02_Su2010_A Tour of the Cell
... Cells are the basic unit of structure and function The lowest level of structure that can perform all activities required for life ...
... Cells are the basic unit of structure and function The lowest level of structure that can perform all activities required for life ...
FUNCTIONAL INVESTIGATION OF AN RNA BINDING PROTEIN
... containing a 9-amino acid methyltransferase motif I (VVDAFCGVG) and an invariant segment (GXXGXXI) found in K-homology motifs of many RNA-binding proteins. Immunofluorescence studies showed that the 92 kDa PIMT protein and PRIP proteins are colocalized in the nucleus. PIMT binds S-adenosyl-L-methion ...
... containing a 9-amino acid methyltransferase motif I (VVDAFCGVG) and an invariant segment (GXXGXXI) found in K-homology motifs of many RNA-binding proteins. Immunofluorescence studies showed that the 92 kDa PIMT protein and PRIP proteins are colocalized in the nucleus. PIMT binds S-adenosyl-L-methion ...
Actin - WordPress.com
... o Gelsolin? Caps + end to prevent further growth What is the difference between Lamellipodia and Filipodia? o Lamellipodia push the cell forwards for movement o Filipodia act as sensors that respond to chemotaxic factors What type of Myosin is used for Contractile Muscles? o Type II Myosin Actin i ...
... o Gelsolin? Caps + end to prevent further growth What is the difference between Lamellipodia and Filipodia? o Lamellipodia push the cell forwards for movement o Filipodia act as sensors that respond to chemotaxic factors What type of Myosin is used for Contractile Muscles? o Type II Myosin Actin i ...
10DNAtoProt
... 10. Based upon the results of DNA sequencing for the Human Genome Project, the number of promoters suggests that there are around 25,000 genes in the human genome. However, the number of different types of proteins may actually be much higher than this. Why? 11. Introns are ‘junk’ DNA that create a ...
... 10. Based upon the results of DNA sequencing for the Human Genome Project, the number of promoters suggests that there are around 25,000 genes in the human genome. However, the number of different types of proteins may actually be much higher than this. Why? 11. Introns are ‘junk’ DNA that create a ...
Synechocystis sp
... Introduction: The psbA gene family in Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142 contains 5 psbA ...
... Introduction: The psbA gene family in Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142 contains 5 psbA ...
Bacterial Cells Have Cytoskeletons, Too Bacterial cells contain
... intriguing and implies that some common mechanism may be involved in their assembly. Future Challenges in Studying the Bacterial Cytoskeletons The discovery in 2001 of an actin-like cytoskeleton in B. subtilis quickly led to a new view of bacterial cells in which the cell is highly organized, with i ...
... intriguing and implies that some common mechanism may be involved in their assembly. Future Challenges in Studying the Bacterial Cytoskeletons The discovery in 2001 of an actin-like cytoskeleton in B. subtilis quickly led to a new view of bacterial cells in which the cell is highly organized, with i ...
The pk-1 gene of Autographa californica multinucleocapsid nuclear
... Lescott, 1984) and IE1 (J. Choi, personal communication; L. A. Guarino, unpublished results). Protein kinase activities are associated with baculovirus particles (Miller et al., 1983) and may even be essential for release of viral DNA from virions (Wilson & Consigli, 1985 a, b). In addition, the bac ...
... Lescott, 1984) and IE1 (J. Choi, personal communication; L. A. Guarino, unpublished results). Protein kinase activities are associated with baculovirus particles (Miller et al., 1983) and may even be essential for release of viral DNA from virions (Wilson & Consigli, 1985 a, b). In addition, the bac ...
Enzyme Structure and Function
... – “Lock and Key” no longer match; enzyme can’t bind to substrate when they collide. ...
... – “Lock and Key” no longer match; enzyme can’t bind to substrate when they collide. ...
Protein
... The phosphorylated IRSs interact with the phosphotidylinositide 3-kinase (PI kinase) at the plasma membrane, where the enzyme catalyzes the phophorylation of PIP2 to PIP3. PIP3 acts as a second messenger, carrying the message from extracellular insulin to certain intracellular protein kinases. Recen ...
... The phosphorylated IRSs interact with the phosphotidylinositide 3-kinase (PI kinase) at the plasma membrane, where the enzyme catalyzes the phophorylation of PIP2 to PIP3. PIP3 acts as a second messenger, carrying the message from extracellular insulin to certain intracellular protein kinases. Recen ...
Protein moonlighting
Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.