The HSP90-SGT1 Chaperone Complex for NLR
... specific to a particular set of MLA alleles (53, 88). RAR2 was originally identified in the first screen but was later found to be another allele of MLA12 (105). In total, this genetic screening identified 23 MLA12 and 2 RAR1 alleles, but no other mutations (53). This lack of other mutations, despite sa ...
... specific to a particular set of MLA alleles (53, 88). RAR2 was originally identified in the first screen but was later found to be another allele of MLA12 (105). In total, this genetic screening identified 23 MLA12 and 2 RAR1 alleles, but no other mutations (53). This lack of other mutations, despite sa ...
Fulllength archaeal Rad51 structure and
... sym is the unweighted R value on I between symmetry mates. bR cryst = Shkl||Fobs(hkl)| ± |Fcalc(hkl)||/Shkl|Fobs(hkl)| cR free is the cross-validation R factor for 5% of re¯ections against ...
... sym is the unweighted R value on I between symmetry mates. bR cryst = Shkl||Fobs(hkl)| ± |Fcalc(hkl)||/Shkl|Fobs(hkl)| cR free is the cross-validation R factor for 5% of re¯ections against ...
Pepsinogen and Pepsin - The Journal of General Physiology
... by glutamic acid. These workers conclude that pepsin consists of a branched chain or two chains. Since the earlier study (30) showed only one mole of alanine per mole protein despite extended exposure to carboxypeptidase and no trace of glutamic acid was liberated, it is tentatively suggested that t ...
... by glutamic acid. These workers conclude that pepsin consists of a branched chain or two chains. Since the earlier study (30) showed only one mole of alanine per mole protein despite extended exposure to carboxypeptidase and no trace of glutamic acid was liberated, it is tentatively suggested that t ...
Nitrate reductase activity in chicory roots
... Detopping plantlets abolishes the shoot-to-root relationships. In the absence of sucrose, nitrate reduction is rapidly decreased (Brouquissee/o/., 1992). This resembles senescence in leaves. The decrease of enzymatic activities related to nitrogen assimilation and the subsequent increases of protein ...
... Detopping plantlets abolishes the shoot-to-root relationships. In the absence of sucrose, nitrate reduction is rapidly decreased (Brouquissee/o/., 1992). This resembles senescence in leaves. The decrease of enzymatic activities related to nitrogen assimilation and the subsequent increases of protein ...
Proteomics of
... strongly predominate over their monomeric forms in boar seminal plasma. These interactions facilitate the formation of aggregated forms of proteins in the seminal plasma and probably the arrangement and remodeling of sperm coating proteins. It is interesting that the heparin-binding activity of aggr ...
... strongly predominate over their monomeric forms in boar seminal plasma. These interactions facilitate the formation of aggregated forms of proteins in the seminal plasma and probably the arrangement and remodeling of sperm coating proteins. It is interesting that the heparin-binding activity of aggr ...
Crystal structure of ATP sulfurylase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
... by hydrogen bonds and salt bridges. Contacts between the residues of helix H3 and the coiled region preceding H11 of the interdomain show a more hydrophobic character. Domain II (residues 168±327) comprises the active site and the substrate binding pocket. It shows a typical righthanded a/b-fold in ...
... by hydrogen bonds and salt bridges. Contacts between the residues of helix H3 and the coiled region preceding H11 of the interdomain show a more hydrophobic character. Domain II (residues 168±327) comprises the active site and the substrate binding pocket. It shows a typical righthanded a/b-fold in ...
INTEINS: Structure, Function, and Evolution
... Figure 2 Positions of inteins and introns along the coding sequence of the host protein. The graph represents the conservation of the sites in protein alignments of homologs of subunit A of the vacuolar/archaeal ATPase ( panel a), replication factor C ( panel b), and cell division control protein 21 ...
... Figure 2 Positions of inteins and introns along the coding sequence of the host protein. The graph represents the conservation of the sites in protein alignments of homologs of subunit A of the vacuolar/archaeal ATPase ( panel a), replication factor C ( panel b), and cell division control protein 21 ...
T. Takahashi, B. C. Vo Ngo, L. Xiao, G. Arya, and M. J. Heller
... mimics, most have failed and only a few have produced minimal reaction rates that can barely be considered catalytic. One particular approach we have focused on is the use of short-sequence peptides that contain key catalytic groups in close proximity. In this study, we designed six different peptid ...
... mimics, most have failed and only a few have produced minimal reaction rates that can barely be considered catalytic. One particular approach we have focused on is the use of short-sequence peptides that contain key catalytic groups in close proximity. In this study, we designed six different peptid ...
A Pd8 Tetrafacial Molecular Barrel as Carrier for Water Insoluble
... guest complexes could not be determined by conventional spectroscopic titrations due to the poor aqueous solubility of the analytes. NMR study was also not much helpful for this purpose because of broadened 1H NMR peaks as a result of tumbling motion of the guests inside the cavity. Albeit, the succ ...
... guest complexes could not be determined by conventional spectroscopic titrations due to the poor aqueous solubility of the analytes. NMR study was also not much helpful for this purpose because of broadened 1H NMR peaks as a result of tumbling motion of the guests inside the cavity. Albeit, the succ ...
Case Study: BPTI
... formed by the internal packing of non-polar amino acid side chains. BPTI is no exception and due to its rather small overall size it also has a relatively small hydrophobic core. Thus, extra stability to support its three dimensional structure is provided by the three internal disulfide bonds that w ...
... formed by the internal packing of non-polar amino acid side chains. BPTI is no exception and due to its rather small overall size it also has a relatively small hydrophobic core. Thus, extra stability to support its three dimensional structure is provided by the three internal disulfide bonds that w ...
The PRT protein family Sangita C Sinha* and Janet L Smith
... coordination sphere. Nucleotide feedback inhibitor complexes of glutamine PRPP amidotransferase (GPATase) bind Mg2+ in the alternative position [9,10] (Figure 3a). Mg2+ occupies a similar position in the ternary complex of a guanine PRTase with a nucleotide product analog and PPi [24], and in a xant ...
... coordination sphere. Nucleotide feedback inhibitor complexes of glutamine PRPP amidotransferase (GPATase) bind Mg2+ in the alternative position [9,10] (Figure 3a). Mg2+ occupies a similar position in the ternary complex of a guanine PRTase with a nucleotide product analog and PPi [24], and in a xant ...
embor2011116-sup-0001
... estimated repeatedly using a number of single or multiple mutations. Our review aimed at evaluating the correlation between such experimental data and those estimated in silico by several algorithms. The algorithms are, however, different in the type of predictions they provide. Two of the predictiv ...
... estimated repeatedly using a number of single or multiple mutations. Our review aimed at evaluating the correlation between such experimental data and those estimated in silico by several algorithms. The algorithms are, however, different in the type of predictions they provide. Two of the predictiv ...
Protein Interaction Technical Handbook
... at the bench with basic laboratory skills and a small investment in reagents. The apparatus required for these methods can be found in most modern protein chemistry laboratories. At the other extreme are those methods that require special skills and knowledge and a substantial investment in speciali ...
... at the bench with basic laboratory skills and a small investment in reagents. The apparatus required for these methods can be found in most modern protein chemistry laboratories. At the other extreme are those methods that require special skills and knowledge and a substantial investment in speciali ...
Hedgehog signal transduction: recent findings Kent
... The Hh family of molecules are secreted proteins that undergo several post-translational modifications to gain full activity. Hh molecules undergo a maturation process in which they autocatalytically cleave, generating an N-terminal polypeptide (Hh-Np) containing all the signaling functions, and a C ...
... The Hh family of molecules are secreted proteins that undergo several post-translational modifications to gain full activity. Hh molecules undergo a maturation process in which they autocatalytically cleave, generating an N-terminal polypeptide (Hh-Np) containing all the signaling functions, and a C ...
FtsZ - Cytoskeleton, Inc.
... cell division. FtsZ inactivation inhibits cell division, making them attractive targets for novel anti-microbial drugs. Although FtsZ proteins exhibit a degree of homology, inhibitors of the proteins show differential affinities and efficacies. Thus, improved targeting can be achieved by screening s ...
... cell division. FtsZ inactivation inhibits cell division, making them attractive targets for novel anti-microbial drugs. Although FtsZ proteins exhibit a degree of homology, inhibitors of the proteins show differential affinities and efficacies. Thus, improved targeting can be achieved by screening s ...
Full Text - Labs / Projects - Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
... Clones for Expressing Bacterial Proteins–-The GST-Hairy fusion proteins bHLH, Orange-WRPW, N30 (an N-terminal 30-amino acid fragment of Hairy), Basic (basic DNA-binding elements), and HLH have been described previously (5, 16). Dmp53 (obtained from M. Brodsky) is a BamHI/BglII fragment inserted in t ...
... Clones for Expressing Bacterial Proteins–-The GST-Hairy fusion proteins bHLH, Orange-WRPW, N30 (an N-terminal 30-amino acid fragment of Hairy), Basic (basic DNA-binding elements), and HLH have been described previously (5, 16). Dmp53 (obtained from M. Brodsky) is a BamHI/BglII fragment inserted in t ...
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of proteins
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of proteins (usually abbreviated protein NMR) is a field of structural biology in which NMR spectroscopy is used to obtain information about the structure and dynamics of proteins, and also nucleic acids, and their complexes. The field was pioneered by Richard R. Ernst and Kurt Wüthrich at the ETH, and by Ad Bax, Marius Clore and Angela Gronenborn at the NIH, among others. Structure determination by NMR spectroscopy usually consists of several phases, each using a separate set of highly specialized techniques. The sample is prepared, measurements are made, interpretive approaches are applied, and a structure is calculated and validated.NMR involves the quantum mechanical properties of the central core (""nucleus"") of the atom. These properties depend on the local molecular environment, and their measurement provides a map of how the atoms are linked chemically, how close they are in space, and how rapidly they move with respect to each other. These properties are fundamentally the same as those used in the more familiar Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), but the molecular applications use a somewhat different approach, appropriate to the change of scale from millimeters (of interest to radiologists) to nano-meters (bonded atoms are typically a fraction of a nano-meter apart), a factor of a million. This change of scale requires much higher sensitivity of detection and stability for long term measurement. In contrast to MRI, structural biology studies do not directly generate an image, but rely on complex computer calculations to generate three-dimensional molecular models.Currently most samples are examined in a solution in water, but methods are being developed to also work with solid samples. Data collection relies on placing the sample inside a powerful magnet, sending radio frequency signals through the sample, and measuring the absorption of those signals. Depending on the environment of atoms within the protein, the nuclei of individual atoms will absorb different frequencies of radio signals. Furthermore the absorption signals of different nuclei may be perturbed by adjacent nuclei. This information can be used to determine the distance between nuclei. These distances in turn can be used to determine the overall structure of the protein.A typical study might involve how two proteins interact with each other, possibly with a view to developing small molecules that can be used to probe the normal biology of the interaction (""chemical biology"") or to provide possible leads for pharmaceutical use (drug development). Frequently, the interacting pair of proteins may have been identified by studies of human genetics, indicating the interaction can be disrupted by unfavorable mutations, or they may play a key role in the normal biology of a ""model"" organism like the fruit fly, yeast, the worm C. elegans, or mice. To prepare a sample, methods of molecular biology are typically used to make quantities by bacterial fermentation. This also permits changing the isotopic composition of the molecule, which is desirable because the isotopes behave differently and provide methods for identifying overlapping NMR signals.