Basis-for-Medical
... A rule utilitarian, however, would look at the rule, rather than the act, that would be instituted by cutting up the sixth man. The rule in this case would be: "whenever a surgeon could kill one relatively healthy person in order to transplant his organs to more than one other person who needs them, ...
... A rule utilitarian, however, would look at the rule, rather than the act, that would be instituted by cutting up the sixth man. The rule in this case would be: "whenever a surgeon could kill one relatively healthy person in order to transplant his organs to more than one other person who needs them, ...
Catholic Moral Decision Making
... Scrupulosity and circumvention. When an institution creates a large body of laws, there is always the presence of two extremes in response to those laws. One extreme is scrupulosity and flows from a fear of not perfectly following the law. The other extreme seeks to circumvent the law. Such persons ...
... Scrupulosity and circumvention. When an institution creates a large body of laws, there is always the presence of two extremes in response to those laws. One extreme is scrupulosity and flows from a fear of not perfectly following the law. The other extreme seeks to circumvent the law. Such persons ...
Aquinas on Eternity, Tense, and Temporal Becoming
... distinction between them, yet only the present is actual. And yet, Aquinas also seems to endorse temporal becoming in quotes 1 and 4 above. For example, part of quote 1 reads “although contingent things become actual successively, nevertheless God knows contingent things not successively … but simul ...
... distinction between them, yet only the present is actual. And yet, Aquinas also seems to endorse temporal becoming in quotes 1 and 4 above. For example, part of quote 1 reads “although contingent things become actual successively, nevertheless God knows contingent things not successively … but simul ...
THE NATURE OF MORALITY
... and doing what would best satisfy your own interests may be two different things. Some argue that moral action and self-interest can never genuinely be in conflict, and some philosophers have gone to great lengths to try to prove this, but they are almost certainly mistaken. They maintain that if yo ...
... and doing what would best satisfy your own interests may be two different things. Some argue that moral action and self-interest can never genuinely be in conflict, and some philosophers have gone to great lengths to try to prove this, but they are almost certainly mistaken. They maintain that if yo ...
Introductory Lecture
... • 1. Are there really such huge differences in moral beliefs as P1 says? • Perhaps what we see in considering different cultures is not so much disagreement about moral principles, as about their application in particular ...
... • 1. Are there really such huge differences in moral beliefs as P1 says? • Perhaps what we see in considering different cultures is not so much disagreement about moral principles, as about their application in particular ...
Why Do We Need Ethical Theories?
... Performing our duties may result in our being unhappy and may not necessarily lead to consequences that are considered desirable. ...
... Performing our duties may result in our being unhappy and may not necessarily lead to consequences that are considered desirable. ...
Three Independent Factors in Morals
... here is a fact which from all the evidence is an integral part of moral action which has not received the attention it deserves in moral theory: that is the element of uncertainty and of conflict in any situation which can properly be called moral. The conventional attitude sees in that situation on ...
... here is a fact which from all the evidence is an integral part of moral action which has not received the attention it deserves in moral theory: that is the element of uncertainty and of conflict in any situation which can properly be called moral. The conventional attitude sees in that situation on ...
The moral philosophy of Immanuel Kant (1724
... The moral philosophy of Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) is one of the most influential in the western intellectual tradition. Kant accepted the metaphor / model of „law‟ for understanding the nature of moral obligation. But rather than the moral law being found in a sacred scripture, sacred institutions o ...
... The moral philosophy of Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) is one of the most influential in the western intellectual tradition. Kant accepted the metaphor / model of „law‟ for understanding the nature of moral obligation. But rather than the moral law being found in a sacred scripture, sacred institutions o ...
Lecture 25: Kantian moral theory
... it should become a universal law The categorical imperative is a test for rightness or wrongness of an action A categorical imperative is an absolute and universal moral ought We are obligated to obey the categorical imperative because of our nature as rational beings ...
... it should become a universal law The categorical imperative is a test for rightness or wrongness of an action A categorical imperative is an absolute and universal moral ought We are obligated to obey the categorical imperative because of our nature as rational beings ...
Power Point Presentation
... Necessity comes from laws, not from mere subjective maxims. There must be an objective principle underlying willing, one that all rational agents would accept ...
... Necessity comes from laws, not from mere subjective maxims. There must be an objective principle underlying willing, one that all rational agents would accept ...
EECS 690
... • One thing that makes this principle work is the idea that what is immoral for one person should be immoral for all others. • This principle is easily confused with the “golden rule” but they are different. Consider the following example: ...
... • One thing that makes this principle work is the idea that what is immoral for one person should be immoral for all others. • This principle is easily confused with the “golden rule” but they are different. Consider the following example: ...
No Slide Title
... – Moral judgment is motivated by one’s own conscience (“Kohlberg’s Levels and Stages”) ...
... – Moral judgment is motivated by one’s own conscience (“Kohlberg’s Levels and Stages”) ...
What follows is a brief summary of the material on Kant
... Intrinsic features of action (acts are right/wrong by nature) reason/objective ...
... Intrinsic features of action (acts are right/wrong by nature) reason/objective ...
Ethics: Discovering Right and Wrong
... obligation such as God, human reason, or the desire to be happy Seeks to establish principles of right behavior that may serve as action guides for individuals and groups ...
... obligation such as God, human reason, or the desire to be happy Seeks to establish principles of right behavior that may serve as action guides for individuals and groups ...
Document
... People often must choose not between ethics (or morality) and self-interest but between different moral, ethical, legal, political, religious, or institutional obligations. In these circumstances, the key question is not “should I do the right thing?”, but “what is the right thing to do?” These p ...
... People often must choose not between ethics (or morality) and self-interest but between different moral, ethical, legal, political, religious, or institutional obligations. In these circumstances, the key question is not “should I do the right thing?”, but “what is the right thing to do?” These p ...
Moral judgments must be backed by good reasons.
... Euthanizing Tracy was "opening the doors to other people to decide who should live and who should die." It is wrong to do things which would open the doors... -----------------------------------------------------:. Euthanizing Tracy was wrong and shouldn't have been done. ...
... Euthanizing Tracy was "opening the doors to other people to decide who should live and who should die." It is wrong to do things which would open the doors... -----------------------------------------------------:. Euthanizing Tracy was wrong and shouldn't have been done. ...
Do unto others…
... 1724-1804: Age of Enlightenment (Reason) Era of science, physics, astronomy (not authority) Reason is more useful than religious authority (Galileo) ...
... 1724-1804: Age of Enlightenment (Reason) Era of science, physics, astronomy (not authority) Reason is more useful than religious authority (Galileo) ...
Common Ethical Theories
... distinction between the actions of different people SR and tolerance are two different things Decisions may not be based on reason Not a workable ethical theory (according to author) ...
... distinction between the actions of different people SR and tolerance are two different things Decisions may not be based on reason Not a workable ethical theory (according to author) ...
Ethical Challenges
... • What about the inherent paradox? Two rules in direct conflict: how can both be right at the same time? • How can there be morality with no independent rules then? *It is important to distinguish between our opinions of morality and morality itself ...
... • What about the inherent paradox? Two rules in direct conflict: how can both be right at the same time? • How can there be morality with no independent rules then? *It is important to distinguish between our opinions of morality and morality itself ...
Group1 - Southern University College
... intense a pleasure is estimated to be. 9. The doctrine of the mean states that we should always decide in advance what our mean is; our mean cannot be known through experience. 10. Moral virtue is based upon habit, while intellectual excellence or virtue is based on teaching, experience, and time. ...
... intense a pleasure is estimated to be. 9. The doctrine of the mean states that we should always decide in advance what our mean is; our mean cannot be known through experience. 10. Moral virtue is based upon habit, while intellectual excellence or virtue is based on teaching, experience, and time. ...
PowerPoint No.9 -- The Moral Argument
... – “If God does not exist, then it is plausible to think that there are no objective moral values, that we have no moral duties, and that there is no moral accountability for how we live and act. The horror of such a morally neutral world is obvious. If . . . we hold, as it seems rational to do, that ...
... – “If God does not exist, then it is plausible to think that there are no objective moral values, that we have no moral duties, and that there is no moral accountability for how we live and act. The horror of such a morally neutral world is obvious. If . . . we hold, as it seems rational to do, that ...
Pojman against Relativism
... least one of the premises. P1 is simply a statement of fact, and thus hard to overcome. Thus the weaker premise is P2. The strength of P2 resides in the nature of the dependency implied by the premise, i.e. what ...
... least one of the premises. P1 is simply a statement of fact, and thus hard to overcome. Thus the weaker premise is P2. The strength of P2 resides in the nature of the dependency implied by the premise, i.e. what ...
ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS
... Rawl’s concept begins with a different concept of human nature: people can be motivated by what is right. We are morally equal and ought to treat each other with dignity (Kant) Attaining status of moral agent if we erase our partiality, our statuses, privilege, etc. ...
... Rawl’s concept begins with a different concept of human nature: people can be motivated by what is right. We are morally equal and ought to treat each other with dignity (Kant) Attaining status of moral agent if we erase our partiality, our statuses, privilege, etc. ...