ETHICAL THEORIES AND BIOETHICS
... • Persons who should be present for the discussion of options • How the available options are justified ethically: the specifications of the ethical norms involved and the pros and cons associated with each ...
... • Persons who should be present for the discussion of options • How the available options are justified ethically: the specifications of the ethical norms involved and the pros and cons associated with each ...
Document
... discrimination: on racial or sexual grounds for 3 instances: a. Utilitarian grounds: • The idea is that an action (or rule) is right only if there is no other act (or rule) that would produce a greater amount of whatever consequence that the utilitarian is focusing on (e.g., happiness, preferences ...
... discrimination: on racial or sexual grounds for 3 instances: a. Utilitarian grounds: • The idea is that an action (or rule) is right only if there is no other act (or rule) that would produce a greater amount of whatever consequence that the utilitarian is focusing on (e.g., happiness, preferences ...
chapter 2 - TEST BANK 360
... Full file at http://testbank360.eu/solution-manual-moral-issues-in-business-11th-editionshaw divine command theory, which were discussed in chapter 1, can also be seen as normative theories and thus contrasted with the theories of this chapter. Shaw and Barry divide normative theories into conseque ...
... Full file at http://testbank360.eu/solution-manual-moral-issues-in-business-11th-editionshaw divine command theory, which were discussed in chapter 1, can also be seen as normative theories and thus contrasted with the theories of this chapter. Shaw and Barry divide normative theories into conseque ...
Ethics Learning Module
... • Tendency among middle and lower-level managers to act unethically in the face of perceived pressure for results LM-7 ...
... • Tendency among middle and lower-level managers to act unethically in the face of perceived pressure for results LM-7 ...
Ethical Theories
... one set of moral values applies to all people and cultures Plato • Cultural Relativism: Moral values are relative to one’s culture; there are Sextus no universally held values Montaigne Empiricus ...
... one set of moral values applies to all people and cultures Plato • Cultural Relativism: Moral values are relative to one’s culture; there are Sextus no universally held values Montaigne Empiricus ...
Kant`s Moral Theory
... (1) Action A has intrinsic feature F. (2) It is morally good/bad to do actions with intrinsic feature F. Therefore, (3) H should/should not do A. ...
... (1) Action A has intrinsic feature F. (2) It is morally good/bad to do actions with intrinsic feature F. Therefore, (3) H should/should not do A. ...
Utilitarianism and the Ethics of War
... partially utilizes the term consequentialism and philosophers utilize the term when viewing actions through the lens of right or wrong. Specifically, an actor’s actions are viewed as right or wrong depending on the consequences, or outcomes, of the action. Also, the action can be viewed as right if ...
... partially utilizes the term consequentialism and philosophers utilize the term when viewing actions through the lens of right or wrong. Specifically, an actor’s actions are viewed as right or wrong depending on the consequences, or outcomes, of the action. Also, the action can be viewed as right if ...
Kant and Moral Duties
... motive); and A person is morally good (“good will”) if he or she can be counted on to do his/her duty, motivated solely by a respect or reverence for the moral law (rather than consideration of some other, variable principle). ...
... motive); and A person is morally good (“good will”) if he or she can be counted on to do his/her duty, motivated solely by a respect or reverence for the moral law (rather than consideration of some other, variable principle). ...
Utilitarianism-R-Warren-041014
... Principle strengths and weaknesses of utilitarianism. The difference between act and rule utilitarianism. ...
... Principle strengths and weaknesses of utilitarianism. The difference between act and rule utilitarianism. ...
chapter 2 - Test Bank
... divine command theory, which were discussed in chapter 1, can also be seen as normative theories and thus contrasted with the theories of this chapter. Shaw and Barry divide normative theories into consequentialist and nonconsequentialist. For the consequentialist, the key to determining whether an ...
... divine command theory, which were discussed in chapter 1, can also be seen as normative theories and thus contrasted with the theories of this chapter. Shaw and Barry divide normative theories into consequentialist and nonconsequentialist. For the consequentialist, the key to determining whether an ...
Lecture
... The creed which accepts as the foundation of morals, Utility, or the Greatest Happiness Principle, holds that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness. By happiness is intended pleasure, and the absence of pain; by unha ...
... The creed which accepts as the foundation of morals, Utility, or the Greatest Happiness Principle, holds that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness. By happiness is intended pleasure, and the absence of pain; by unha ...
Utilitarianism
... • It can be used to morally justify actions that many of us consider to be immoral, such as a secret but adulterous “fling” in a marriage • Suppose many people would get a great deal of pleasure out of seeing some innocent person tortured and slaughtered. The victim would suffer a great deal of pain ...
... • It can be used to morally justify actions that many of us consider to be immoral, such as a secret but adulterous “fling” in a marriage • Suppose many people would get a great deal of pleasure out of seeing some innocent person tortured and slaughtered. The victim would suffer a great deal of pain ...
Moral Saints
... time and energy to, say, pole-vaulting. We might admire how good they are at pole vaulting, but few of us would chose their life for us or our loved ones. ...
... time and energy to, say, pole-vaulting. We might admire how good they are at pole vaulting, but few of us would chose their life for us or our loved ones. ...
Neuroscience and Moral Reliability
... grim for most ethical principles and intuitions. Tenets like “better to save more lives” or “pain is bad” are for instance easily amenable to evolutionary explanations. Human ancestors that shared these intuitions were likely to avoid pain and to rescue each other more than the members of human grou ...
... grim for most ethical principles and intuitions. Tenets like “better to save more lives” or “pain is bad” are for instance easily amenable to evolutionary explanations. Human ancestors that shared these intuitions were likely to avoid pain and to rescue each other more than the members of human grou ...
Document
... What is the Problem? The following is for educational purposes. Always seek professional advice regarding potential legal issues or ethical concerns. ...
... What is the Problem? The following is for educational purposes. Always seek professional advice regarding potential legal issues or ethical concerns. ...
BA 28 Chapter 2
... Consequentialism refers to those moral theories which hold that the consequences of a particular action form the basis for any valid moral judgment about that action (or create a structure for judgment. From a consequentialist standpoint, a morally right action is one that produces a good outcome, o ...
... Consequentialism refers to those moral theories which hold that the consequences of a particular action form the basis for any valid moral judgment about that action (or create a structure for judgment. From a consequentialist standpoint, a morally right action is one that produces a good outcome, o ...
Why Ethics?
... • Two main ways of explaining ethics: • 1. Acts are intrinsically right or wrong. Ethical requirements are expressed in duties – deontology (Kant) • 2. Right and wrong means producing a surplus of good over evil consequences - consequentialism, eg. ‘utilitarianism’ (Mill) ...
... • Two main ways of explaining ethics: • 1. Acts are intrinsically right or wrong. Ethical requirements are expressed in duties – deontology (Kant) • 2. Right and wrong means producing a surplus of good over evil consequences - consequentialism, eg. ‘utilitarianism’ (Mill) ...
Ethics - Greensburg Salem School District
... is the focus of scientific and technological ethics? Why is ethics important? Who decides what is ethical/not ethical? “Ethics is knowing the difference between what you have a right to do and what is the right thing to do.” ...
... is the focus of scientific and technological ethics? Why is ethics important? Who decides what is ethical/not ethical? “Ethics is knowing the difference between what you have a right to do and what is the right thing to do.” ...
Beginning to Understand Ethics
... Motivism is a belief in the attempt to discern motives that can’t be consciously known and therefore lie beyond stated reasons. ...
... Motivism is a belief in the attempt to discern motives that can’t be consciously known and therefore lie beyond stated reasons. ...
Stages of Moral Development
... 2. Stages cannot be skipped (ie., jumping from stage 2 to 4 without experiencing stage 3) 3. Most adults do not advance past stage 4 in their development 4. Studying ethical cases can help individuals develop their moral senses and thus advance B. Level One--preconventional morality 1. Stage 1-- Pun ...
... 2. Stages cannot be skipped (ie., jumping from stage 2 to 4 without experiencing stage 3) 3. Most adults do not advance past stage 4 in their development 4. Studying ethical cases can help individuals develop their moral senses and thus advance B. Level One--preconventional morality 1. Stage 1-- Pun ...
types+of+moral+theories
... Each time that you enter a store, do you ask yourself "shall I steal item X in at this particular time?" Or have you already formulated certain general principles that guide your individual actions, such as a principle to the effect: "It is never morally permissible to steal?" ...
... Each time that you enter a store, do you ask yourself "shall I steal item X in at this particular time?" Or have you already formulated certain general principles that guide your individual actions, such as a principle to the effect: "It is never morally permissible to steal?" ...
Basics of Ethics CS 215 ©Denbigh Starkey
... within a society people will follow the rules. E.g., the US is unique among Western nations in the use of the death penalty. Proponents of cultural relativism say that other societies should accept this. Opponents could say that even if the practice is acceptable in the US they think that it is barb ...
... within a society people will follow the rules. E.g., the US is unique among Western nations in the use of the death penalty. Proponents of cultural relativism say that other societies should accept this. Opponents could say that even if the practice is acceptable in the US they think that it is barb ...
Consequentialism
Consequentialism is the class of normative ethical theories holding that the consequences of one's conduct are the ultimate basis for any judgment about the rightness or wrongness of that conduct. Thus, from a consequentialist standpoint, a morally right act (or omission from acting) is one that will produce a good outcome, or consequence. In an extreme form, the idea of consequentialism is commonly encapsulated in the English saying, ""the ends justify the means"", meaning that if a goal is morally important enough, any method of achieving it is acceptable.Consequentialism is usually contrasted with deontological ethics (or deontology), in that deontology, in which rules and moral duty are central, derives the rightness or wrongness of one's conduct from the character of the behaviour itself rather than the outcomes of the conduct. It is also contrasted with virtue ethics, which focuses on the character of the agent rather than on the nature or consequences of the act (or omission) itself, and pragmatic ethics which treats morality like science: advancing socially over the course of many lifetimes, such that any moral criterion is subject to revision. Consequentialist theories differ in how they define moral goods.Some argue that consequentialist and deontological theories are not necessarily mutually exclusive. For example, T. M. Scanlon advances the idea that human rights, which are commonly considered a ""deontological"" concept, can only be justified with reference to the consequences of having those rights. Similarly, Robert Nozick argues for a theory that is mostly consequentialist, but incorporates inviolable ""side-constraints"" which restrict the sort of actions agents are permitted to do.