Universal Business Ethics - E-International Scientific Research
... individual within a company. This includes the morality of a decision, actions or character of an individual who is doing business. Those issues have to be evaluated ethically if their system, corporate practices and policies and individual activities observe ethical standards. Since issues covered ...
... individual within a company. This includes the morality of a decision, actions or character of an individual who is doing business. Those issues have to be evaluated ethically if their system, corporate practices and policies and individual activities observe ethical standards. Since issues covered ...
boss1_ppt_ch_09
... Moral universalists maintain that there are universal moral principles that apply to all. Most philosophers accept this principle. The following slides examine four different universal moral theories; utilitarianism (consequence-based ethics), deontology (duty-based ethics), rights-based ethics, and ...
... Moral universalists maintain that there are universal moral principles that apply to all. Most philosophers accept this principle. The following slides examine four different universal moral theories; utilitarianism (consequence-based ethics), deontology (duty-based ethics), rights-based ethics, and ...
CRITICAL THINKING REVIEW FOR FINAL EXAM
... Relevant study features: sample size, difference in frequencies, confidence level Judging confidence level Giving the results of a study Possible ways a causal hypothesis can be wrong Reverse cause and effect Ignore coincidence Overlooking the possibility that both items mentioned might have a third ...
... Relevant study features: sample size, difference in frequencies, confidence level Judging confidence level Giving the results of a study Possible ways a causal hypothesis can be wrong Reverse cause and effect Ignore coincidence Overlooking the possibility that both items mentioned might have a third ...
1. Moral Responsibility and Intelligent Systems
... systems is that they are not considered to have the capacity for mental states like intention [3][4]. Another argument maintains that it is pointless to assign praise or blame to an agent of this type when it has no meaning to the agent [5]. Both these arguments stem from a view in which agents are ...
... systems is that they are not considered to have the capacity for mental states like intention [3][4]. Another argument maintains that it is pointless to assign praise or blame to an agent of this type when it has no meaning to the agent [5]. Both these arguments stem from a view in which agents are ...
Cases 2: Critical reasoning
... ought to be. • Moral arguments have evaluative conclusions but their reasons can be factual or evaluative. • Arguments that move from non-evaluative reasons to evaluative conclusions give rise to a worry called the ‘is/ought gap’. Pointed out by David Hume (1711-76): many moral arguments start out b ...
... ought to be. • Moral arguments have evaluative conclusions but their reasons can be factual or evaluative. • Arguments that move from non-evaluative reasons to evaluative conclusions give rise to a worry called the ‘is/ought gap’. Pointed out by David Hume (1711-76): many moral arguments start out b ...
Is Procreative Beneficence Obligatory?
... always wrong for them to adopt an external perspective towards their ...
... always wrong for them to adopt an external perspective towards their ...
IMMANUEL KANT AND THE CATEGORICAL IMPERATIVE
... why metaphysical postulations are independent of theoretical reason.(15) Whatever one's view of Kant's epistemological Idealism, I believe that there is a substantial reason to accept the moral law. My view agrees somewhat with Kant's system which goes beyond the mere Immanent Purpose and Transcend ...
... why metaphysical postulations are independent of theoretical reason.(15) Whatever one's view of Kant's epistemological Idealism, I believe that there is a substantial reason to accept the moral law. My view agrees somewhat with Kant's system which goes beyond the mere Immanent Purpose and Transcend ...
Nozick and Bentham Reading Study Guide Phil 240 Introduction to
... 1. Why does Nozick claim that plugging in to the machine is 'a kind of suicide'? 2. What does he think we should conclude from the experience machine thought experiment? 3. What does he think that we desire that the experience machine can't provide? 4. Critically reflect on Nozick’s argument. Which ...
... 1. Why does Nozick claim that plugging in to the machine is 'a kind of suicide'? 2. What does he think we should conclude from the experience machine thought experiment? 3. What does he think that we desire that the experience machine can't provide? 4. Critically reflect on Nozick’s argument. Which ...
Ethics
... and the other focuses on the actions themselves and the degree to which they were the right actions to take. The first school of thought argues that the ends justify the means and that if there is no harm, there is no foul. The second claims that some actions are simply wrong in and of themselves. S ...
... and the other focuses on the actions themselves and the degree to which they were the right actions to take. The first school of thought argues that the ends justify the means and that if there is no harm, there is no foul. The second claims that some actions are simply wrong in and of themselves. S ...
No Slide Title
... – Actions posses moral worth only when we do our duty for its own sake, not because of its consequences ...
... – Actions posses moral worth only when we do our duty for its own sake, not because of its consequences ...
Cultural Relativism
... moral principle may have is confined to one or a few cultures, ruling out any transcultural moral standpoint. This is because right and wrong are ultimately a function of cultural norms. The theory just described—call it moral cultural relativism—must not be confused with descriptive cultural relati ...
... moral principle may have is confined to one or a few cultures, ruling out any transcultural moral standpoint. This is because right and wrong are ultimately a function of cultural norms. The theory just described—call it moral cultural relativism—must not be confused with descriptive cultural relati ...
06. Questions of Values and Ethics
... dealing with complex issues that have no clear indication of what is right or wrong. ...
... dealing with complex issues that have no clear indication of what is right or wrong. ...
Ethics – Handout 8 Foot, “What Is Moral Relativism?”
... (4) Question: In those situations in which the differences in the applications of concepts between different societies are so widespread and irresolvable as to make relativism tempting, why are we so confident that at different times and in different places the judgments are about the same thing? ( ...
... (4) Question: In those situations in which the differences in the applications of concepts between different societies are so widespread and irresolvable as to make relativism tempting, why are we so confident that at different times and in different places the judgments are about the same thing? ( ...
File
... Ethics is a set of standards, or a code or value system, worked out from human reason and experience, by which free human actions are determined as ultimately right or wrong, good or evil If an action agrees with these standards, it is ethical; if not , it unethical ...
... Ethics is a set of standards, or a code or value system, worked out from human reason and experience, by which free human actions are determined as ultimately right or wrong, good or evil If an action agrees with these standards, it is ethical; if not , it unethical ...
phi_107_overview_4
... demonstrate lower levels of moral development compared to their male counterparts. When faced with a moral dilemma, women often wanted additional information, such the nature of the relationship between the characters in the case. What Gilligan noted in her book In a Different Voice was not a devel ...
... demonstrate lower levels of moral development compared to their male counterparts. When faced with a moral dilemma, women often wanted additional information, such the nature of the relationship between the characters in the case. What Gilligan noted in her book In a Different Voice was not a devel ...
Chapter 2 Modern Private Security
... Ethics deals with questions of right and wrong, of moral and immoral behavior. ...
... Ethics deals with questions of right and wrong, of moral and immoral behavior. ...
Ethics and Leadership Responsibility
... therefore determines whether an unobserved soldier deserts his wounded comrade or tries to save him with a complete disregard of his own life. An equally great variety of influential options for military training and education can therefore be derived from these variables with which the trainee can ...
... therefore determines whether an unobserved soldier deserts his wounded comrade or tries to save him with a complete disregard of his own life. An equally great variety of influential options for military training and education can therefore be derived from these variables with which the trainee can ...
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS WHICH EXPLORE ETHICAL ISSUES
... stakeholder is a person or an animal who is affected, directly or indirectly, by a decision made by another person.] 2. There were many people whose ethical choices contributed to the outcome shown in the film. For each major character describe how they complied with or violated the ethical principl ...
... stakeholder is a person or an animal who is affected, directly or indirectly, by a decision made by another person.] 2. There were many people whose ethical choices contributed to the outcome shown in the film. For each major character describe how they complied with or violated the ethical principl ...
Any Absolutes? Absolutely!
... greatest amount of pleasure. Jeremy Bentham (1748–1832) fits into this category.3 Others, such as John Stuart Mill (1806–1873), viewed it qualitatively — that is, the greatest kind of pleasure for the greatest number.4 One problem with the utilitarian view relates to deciding how “good” should be un ...
... greatest amount of pleasure. Jeremy Bentham (1748–1832) fits into this category.3 Others, such as John Stuart Mill (1806–1873), viewed it qualitatively — that is, the greatest kind of pleasure for the greatest number.4 One problem with the utilitarian view relates to deciding how “good” should be un ...
casual sex and morality: a kantian-libertarian
... forms of human interaction (one example is given in note 4). In particular, it can be applied to a form of interaction of especial interest to libertarians, viz. market exchanges. In market transactions the Moral Law enjoins that we treat the parties to the transaction as ends and not merely as mean ...
... forms of human interaction (one example is given in note 4). In particular, it can be applied to a form of interaction of especial interest to libertarians, viz. market exchanges. In market transactions the Moral Law enjoins that we treat the parties to the transaction as ends and not merely as mean ...
What is Platonism
... which pattern our life and thought more to accord with the Eternal. Plato present five 'core' transcendent virtues. These include the traditional four cardinal virtues of Courage, Wisdom, Moderation, and Justice. In some places he suggests a fifth: Holiness. In any case, Plato is insistent on the un ...
... which pattern our life and thought more to accord with the Eternal. Plato present five 'core' transcendent virtues. These include the traditional four cardinal virtues of Courage, Wisdom, Moderation, and Justice. In some places he suggests a fifth: Holiness. In any case, Plato is insistent on the un ...
Ethics in Daily Practice - American College Health Association
... “Practiced medicine for those who were healthy in their nature but were suffering from a specific disease; he rid them of it …then ordered them to live as usual…for those however, whose bodies were always in a state of inner sickness he did not attempt to prescribe a regimen to make their life a pro ...
... “Practiced medicine for those who were healthy in their nature but were suffering from a specific disease; he rid them of it …then ordered them to live as usual…for those however, whose bodies were always in a state of inner sickness he did not attempt to prescribe a regimen to make their life a pro ...
What is morality and how does it work
... fidelity, obedience, courage, and sympathy, were always ready to aid one another, and to sacrifice themselves for the common good, would be victorious over most other tribes; and this would be natural selection. At all times throughout the world tribes have supplanted other tribes; and … morality is ...
... fidelity, obedience, courage, and sympathy, were always ready to aid one another, and to sacrifice themselves for the common good, would be victorious over most other tribes; and this would be natural selection. At all times throughout the world tribes have supplanted other tribes; and … morality is ...
On acts, omissions and responsibility
... argue that McLachlan fails to establish that there is a moral difference between active and passive euthanasia and that he instead merely asserts that the difference exists. I suggest that McLachlan’s paper relies on a false commitment to general rules that do not apply in every case. Furthermore, I ...
... argue that McLachlan fails to establish that there is a moral difference between active and passive euthanasia and that he instead merely asserts that the difference exists. I suggest that McLachlan’s paper relies on a false commitment to general rules that do not apply in every case. Furthermore, I ...
Virtue Ethics show
... • Reason is essential for ethics but has been replaced by ‘faith’ and ‘divine-command’. • Greek and Christian ethics are not only different in method, but have different goals. Personal development Vs a concept of right & wrong. • Criticises Christian concept of equality as preventing us from trying ...
... • Reason is essential for ethics but has been replaced by ‘faith’ and ‘divine-command’. • Greek and Christian ethics are not only different in method, but have different goals. Personal development Vs a concept of right & wrong. • Criticises Christian concept of equality as preventing us from trying ...
Consequentialism
Consequentialism is the class of normative ethical theories holding that the consequences of one's conduct are the ultimate basis for any judgment about the rightness or wrongness of that conduct. Thus, from a consequentialist standpoint, a morally right act (or omission from acting) is one that will produce a good outcome, or consequence. In an extreme form, the idea of consequentialism is commonly encapsulated in the English saying, ""the ends justify the means"", meaning that if a goal is morally important enough, any method of achieving it is acceptable.Consequentialism is usually contrasted with deontological ethics (or deontology), in that deontology, in which rules and moral duty are central, derives the rightness or wrongness of one's conduct from the character of the behaviour itself rather than the outcomes of the conduct. It is also contrasted with virtue ethics, which focuses on the character of the agent rather than on the nature or consequences of the act (or omission) itself, and pragmatic ethics which treats morality like science: advancing socially over the course of many lifetimes, such that any moral criterion is subject to revision. Consequentialist theories differ in how they define moral goods.Some argue that consequentialist and deontological theories are not necessarily mutually exclusive. For example, T. M. Scanlon advances the idea that human rights, which are commonly considered a ""deontological"" concept, can only be justified with reference to the consequences of having those rights. Similarly, Robert Nozick argues for a theory that is mostly consequentialist, but incorporates inviolable ""side-constraints"" which restrict the sort of actions agents are permitted to do.